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Biomedical subjects

Y Ono

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ono.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Molecular cloning of Elk-3, a new member of the Ets family expressed during mouse embryogenesis and analysis of its transcriptional repression activity.

We isolated a cDNA clone, Elk-3, that encodes a novel Ets transcription factor from 16-day mouse embryos. The deduced amino acid sequence of the protein was homologous to human ELK-1 and SAP-1. This protein, ELK-1, and SAP-1 shared some unique structural properties such as an Ets DNA-binding site in the amino-terminal region, a serum response factor interacting domain and phosphorylation sites of serine or threonine residues in the carboxy-terminal region. Northern blotting weakly revealed that two transcripts of 4 and 2.1 kb are expressed in the adult ovary and lung and a 2.1-kb transcript predominated in 8- to 14-day embryos. We assayed the transcriptional activities of Elk-3 protein on the cytokeratin EndoA enhancer containing Ets binding sites in endodermal cells. Elk-3 protein strongly repressed enhancer activity but did not affect the activity of the basal promoter in the absence of the enhancer. Furthermore, Elk-3 can suppress the activity of Ets-2 as the transcriptional activator on the EndoA enhancer. These data suggested that the Elk-3 gene product plays a role in transcriptional regulation during embryogenesis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy via the retroperitoneal approach: first five cases.

Between February and November 1994, we performed laparoscopic retroperitoneal adrenalectomy in five patients with benign adrenal tumors to confirm the efficacy of this operation. Using digital dissection and a balloon, we created a working space in the retroperitoneal cavity before we dissected the adrenal gland and removed it under laparoscopic observation. The adrenal glands of all five patients were removed without any complications. The mean operative time was 3.4 hours, and the mean estimated blood loss was 148 mL. The average postoperative hospital stay was 10 days, and the average full recovery time was 19 days. We concluded that the retroperitoneal approach is an advantageous and safe procedure in the laparoscopic removal of the adrenal gland with benign tumor.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1996

Hydrochlorothiazide exacerbates nitric oxide-blockade nephrosclerosis with glomerular hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a diuretic can also reverse the clinical, systemic, renal and glomerular haemodynamic and pathological changes caused by nephrosclerosis. METHODS: Three groups of 20-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were investigated: control male SHR; a similar group, administered 50 mg/l NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) for 3 weeks; and SHR treated similarly with L-NAME but also with 80 mg/kg per day hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) by gavage for 3 weeks. RESULTS: The mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, effective renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate decreased as urinary volume increased in the SHR treated with HCTZ and L-NAME. A micropuncture study demonstrated increased glomerular capillary pressure (PG, 56 +/- 1 versus 68 +/- 3 mmHg) associated with increased efferent (2.1 +/- 0.2 versus 2.9 +/- 0.3 u) but no change in afferent arteriolar resistances compared with the SHR group treated with L-NAME only. In addition, HCTZ administration increased the juxtamedullary glomerular injury score (47 +/- 13 versus 114 +/- 29) associated with elevated urinary protein excretion (35 +/- 1 versus 53 +/- 13 mg/100 g body weight per 24 h) The afferent arteriolar injury score was not changed. The PG elevation was related not only to severe glomerulosclerosis but also to increased fibronectin and alpha-smooth muscle actin deposition. CONCLUSION: HCTZ administration exacerbated the changes in renal and micropuncture dynamics, proteinuria and histopathological nephrosclerosis produced by L-NAME in SHR.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Acute pancreatitis induced by hypercalcaemia associated with adult T-cell leukaemia: a case report.

A 44 year old Japanese woman with adult T-cell leukaemia (ATL) was admitted to Kyushu University hospital to receive a course of alpha-interferon treatment. She experienced a sudden onset of hypercalcaemia and epigastric pain associated with an increase in the level of pancreatic enzymes. Her serum parathyroid hormone related protein level was above normal although her high sensitive PTH level was within the normal range. Ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen showed enlargement of the pancreas with indistinct margins and massive accumulation of extrapancreatic fluid. Cullen's sign was observed. A few days after the onset of acute pancreatitis, the serum amylase level increased to 3400 IU/L, and the serum calcium level fell to 4.2 mg/dL from 13.3 mg/dl. Her fasting blood glucose level increased to 242 mg/dL. Although the first episode of pancreatitis appeared to respond to treatment, she experienced a second episode of pancreatitis accompanied by an elevation of the serum calcium level. These findings suggest that acute pancreatitis was caused by hypercalcaemia associated with ATL.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Anterior urethral diverticulum produced by Cowper's gland duct cyst.

A case of congenital urethral diverticulum is presented. The patient was a 16-year-old boy with the chief complaint of dribbling urine since he was 14 years old. A retrograde urethrogram revealed a diverticulum of the bulbar urethra, which had been produced by a cystic dilation of the Cowper's gland duct. The walls of the diverticulum were resected endoscopically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Immunosuppressive treatment of primary cadaveric renal transplant patients receiving kidneys from non-heart beating donors.

Since November 1982, 276 primary cadaveric kidney transplants have been performed using kidneys from non-heart beating donors. Between November 1982 and December 1986, 49 transplant patients were treated with cyclosporine and steroid immunosuppressive therapy (CSA regimen). Twenty-seven patients were treated with low dose cyclosporine (initial dosage, 4 mg/kg/day), steroid therapy, and a 21-day course of 500 mg/day antilymphocyte globulin (ALG 1 regimen) between January 1987 and December 1987. Seventy-nine patients were treated with low dose cyclosporine (initial dosage, 6 mg/ kg/day), steroid therapy, and a 14-day course of 1,000 mg/day antilymphocyte globulin (ALG 2 regimen) between January 1988 and June 1990, and 85 patients were treated with low dose cyclosporine (initial dosage, 6 mg/ kg/day), steroid therapy, and a 14-day course of 1,000 mg/day antilymphocyte globulin followed by 2 mg/kg/day mizoribine (ALG 3 regimen) between July 1990 and May 1995. Ten patients, who showed hypersensitivity to antilymphocyte globulin therapy, were treated with low dose cyclosporine, steroid therapy, and mizoribine. Finally, 26 patients were treated with FK506 and steroid therapy (FK506 regimen) between June 1990 and February 1992. Graft survival was 78% at 1 year, 69% at 3 years, 63% at 5 years, and 51% at 10 years in the CSA regimen group and 67% at 1 year, 52% at 3 years, and 48% at 5 years in the ALG 1 regimen group. It was 85% at 1 year, 70% at 3 years, and 62% at 5 years in the ALG 2 regimen group and 87% at 1 year and 67% at 3 years in the ALG 3 regimen group. In the FK506 regimen group, graft survival was 92% at 1 year and 80% at 3-5 years. Never-functioning grafts were observed in 3 CSA patients (6%), 1 ALG 1 patient (4%), 3 ALG 2 patients (4%), 3 ALG 3 patients (4%), and 1 FK506 patient (4%). These results indicate that low dose cyclosporine (initial dosage, 6 mg/kg/day), steroid therapy, and a 14 day course of antilymphocyte globulin therapy is beneficial for cadaveric renal transplant patients receiving kidneys from non-heart beating donors; FK506 and steroid therapy might be more effective than cyclosporine based immunosuppressive therapies even in such patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Avoidant personality disorder and taijin kyoufu: sociocultural implications of the WHO/ADAMHA International Study of Personality Disorders in Japan.

This paper discusses the characteristics of avoidant personality disorder in a cultural context based on the Japanese concept of taijin kyoufu as well as that of DSM-III-R and DSM-IV social phobia. Sixty-six patients were given the International Personality Disorder Examination and questionnaires including the Beck Anxiety Inventory. Among the 23 DSM-III-R personality disorder patients, 8 patients were diagnosed as having avoidant personality disorder. Six of them were suffering from taijin kyoufu symptoms. Among 27 ICD personality disorder patients, 22 patients were diagnosed as having ICD anxious personality disorder. All DSM avoidant patients were included in the ICD anxious group. These findings suggest that patients with avoidant personality disorder have had a long history of difficulties and share common personality problems with a milder form of taijin kyoufu, which is conceptually different from social phobia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[A case of schistosomiasis suspected by circumoval precipitin test and diagnosed by rectal biopsy].

A forty-year-old female from Brazil was admitted to Teikyo Hospital because of easy fatigability, fullness of the abdomen and left hyochondralgia. She was anxious about Schistosoma mansoni infection, because three of her relatives died of the infection. Physical examinations revealed a tenderness at the left hypochondrium. Laboratory data showed no abnormal finding. No egg of S. mansoni was found in the stool. A circumoval precipitin test (COPT) with the serum showed a deposite around the egg. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed the presence of antibody against S. mansoni in the serum. A colonoscopy showed no abnormal finding macroscopically. The rectal biopsy showed the existence of mild procitis. The diagnosis was made by finding the characteristic lateral-spined eggs in the biopsy specimens from the rectum. Treatment of 3 g of prazicantel per day for three days was started. She complained of mild nausea at the first dosing. A month later, another three-day-treatment was given. In the case where there are no eggs found in the stool, COPT and ELISA are usefull in detecting the disease, and colonoscopy is recommended in diagnosing the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[The effect of herbal medicines on the immunodeficient animals by injecting cancer chemotherapeutic agent-special reference to age related recovery of the function].

The acquired immunodeficiency of the host plays an essential role in the occurrence of infections even with low pathogenic bacteria. The increase of cases with MRSA and/or pseudomonas infection is one of the serious problems in hospital management in Japan for the elderly as well as pediatric patients. In the present study, mitomycin C (MMC)-treated hosts were prepared in young, adult and old mice to test the immunopotentiating action of the promising Chinese herbal medicine, Tohki-Rikuoh-Toh (TRT), Hotyu-Ekki-Toh (HET) and Juzen-Taiho-Toh (JTT). The effect of these herbal medicines on organ structure and its function in the MMC-treated hosts is clarified and discussed for medical use. 4-5, 8-10 and over 50 week old male C57BL/6 (Clea Japan Inc.) were injected with MMC at a dosage of 3 to 5 mg/kg to inhibit the bone marrow, thus creating a mouse model with reduced immunopotential. A powder extract of TRT, HET and JTT was administrated orally at a dosage of 500 mg/kg/day for seven consecutive days. The white cell number and the subset analysis were carried out by the FACS method. The bactericidal effect of the host was monitored by NBT reduction test. Peritoneal macrophages were prepared by the adherence technique. The macrophage phagocytic activity was examined by an ACAS system. After the administration of TRT, HET and JTT, the body weights recovered as much as 90%, especially in young animals which had been reduced to 75% of their normal values. After MMC-treatment, with the herbal medicines, HET was good for young mice while JTT was effective for the old ones. As for the effect on B cells, the plaque-forming cells (PFC) of spleen cells were compared among the groups. As a result, PFC in the HET group was 184% and the other two were 80 approximately 95% as compared to 76% in the MMC-treated ones. The number of white blood cells in the MMC-treated mice returned to 80% of their normal value. In addition, the phagocytic activity of macrophages increased to 50% although that of the non-treated group was only 20%. The phagocytic activity also recovered in the JTT and TRT of 131% to 95%, respectively compared to 11% in the MMC-treated control. When TRT, HET and JTT were administered orally to mouse models whose immunopotential had been inhibited, the herbal medicines activated both quantitatively and qualitatively, showing themselves to be effective interstitial medicines. In addition, the data from the animal models showed no side effects, confirming the complete efficacy of the drug. Moreover, there was no direct anti-bactericidal effect from these medicines, suggesting that the immunomodulating action of this medicine is host-mediated. It is interesting that quantitative and qualitative recovery were seen when HET was administered to MMC-treated young hosts while JTT was good for the old. With this investigation, the effective components are still unknown for different generations, and we need to clarify this aspect for better understanding of the efficacy of herbal medicines.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1996

Continuous measurement of 13C16O2 production from [13C]pyruvate by intact liver mitochondria: effect of HCO3-.

We have measured continuously the production of mass 45 CO2(13C16O2) from 13C-labeled pyruvate in a guinea pig liver mitochondrial suspension and simultaneously the O2 consumption at 37 degrees C and pH 7.4. The reactions took place in a closed 3-ml volume, stirred, thermoregulated chamber separated from the ion source of a mass spectrometer by a gas-permeable membrane that permitted recording the mass peaks of any gas dissolved in the reaction mixture with a response time as fast as 3 s. If the pyruvate was labeled on C-2, no 13C16O2 was formed, even after 1 h, indicating that C-2 and C-3 were not metabolized in the citric acid cycle. We found that production of 13C16O2 was five times greater in the presence of 25 mM HCO3- than in its absence. A probable mechanism of this CO2/HCO3- effect is carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate, which would react with acetyl CoA to form citrate and with NADH to form malate, thus removing two major inhibitors of pyruvate dehydrogenase. We conclude that CO2/HCO3- has a potent and hitherto unappreciated regulatory effect on liver pyruvate dehydrogenase.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

ACE inhibition prevents and reverses L-NAME-exacerbated nephrosclerosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Chronic nitric oxide inhibition exacerbates hypertension and nephrosclerosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). In this study, we determined whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition could prevent or reverse the systemic, renal, and glomerular hemodynamic alterations and the pathological changes of nephrosclerosis. Four groups of 20-week-old SHRs were studied: group 1, untreated controls; group 2, treated with N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 50 mg/L for 3 weeks); group 3, L-NAME cotreated with quinapril (3 mg.kg-1.d-1 for 3 weeks); and group 4, L-NAME for 3 weeks followed by quinapril for 3 weeks (same doses). The results of this study demonstrated that both cotreatment (group 3) and posttreatment (group 4) with quinapril reduced mean arterial pressure (186 +/- 9 and 192 +/- 9 mm Hg, respectively, compared with group 2 SHRs, 221 +/- 5 mm Hg) and total peripheral resistance index associated with significant reductions in afferent and efferent arteriolar resistances; nephrosclerosis pathological scores; and urinary protein excretion (all at least P < .01). ACE inhibition also significantly increased stroke index, single-nephron glomerular filtration rate, and ultrafiltration coefficient compared with the L-NAME SHRs. Most notable were the findings that cotreatment with quinapril completely prevented the renal glomerular hemodynamic alterations with reduced glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure and efferent arteriolar resistance compared with both the untreated and the L-NAME-treated SHRs (all at least P < .01). Posttreatment with quinapril also reversed the glomerular injury (subcapsular, -83%; juxtamedullary, -56%) and arteriolar (-87%) injury scores obtained from renal biopsy specimens (P < .005 and P < .0001, respectively). These changes were associated with decreased periarteriolar fibronectin and increased afferent arteriolar alpha-smooth muscle actin deposition (immunohistochemistry). These data, therefore, demonstrate that ACE inhibition not only prevents but also reverses L-NAME-exacerbated severe nephrosclerosis in SHRs, as indicated by improved systemic, renal, and glomerular hemodynamic changes, proteinuria, and histological alterations.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1996

Hydrochlorothiazide Increases Efferent Glomerular Arteriolar Resistance in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.

BACKGROUND: Micropuncture studies were performed to determine the intrarenal hemodynamic effects of two conventional antihypertensive agents, hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) and hydralazine (HYDR) alone and in combination. METHODS AND RESULTS: Male spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (19 weeks old) were treated for 3 weeks with vehicle (control), HCTZ (80 mg/kg/d), HYDR (5 mg/kg/d), or combined therapy (HCTZ 30 mg/kg/d and HYDR 2 mg/kg/d). Each treatment significantly reduced arterial pressure while effective renal plasma flow, glomerular filtration rate and single nephron glomerular filtration rate were unaffected by any treatment in either strain. In spontaneously hypertensive rats HCTZ decreased single nephron plasma flow (111 +/- 8 to 84 +/- 4 nL/min; P <.05) but, despite this reduction, glomerular pressure remained unchanged (51.4 +/- 0.7 to 52.1 +/- 0.8 mmHg) attributable to increased efferent glomerular resistance (1.58 +/- 0.14 to 2.11 +/- 0.12 10 U; P <.05). By contrast, HYDR increased single nephron plasma flow (to 147 +/- 8 nL/min; P <.01) and decreased efferent glomerular resistance (to 1.09 +/- 0.09 U; P <.05). Combined treatment produced responses similar to HCTZ when used alone, thereby nullifying the beneficial efferent glomerular resistance effects: single nephron plasma flow +/- fell (to 89 +/- 7 nL/min; P <.05) and efferent glomerular resistance increased (to 2.05 +/- 0.17 U; P <.05). In Wistar Kyoto rats, HCTZ and combined treatment had no effect. HCTZ alone induced glomerular ischemia that was associated with efferent glomerular arteriolar constriction in these spontaneously hypertensive rats. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide a possible explanation for the lack of improved renal target-organ damage in controlled multicenter trials employing thiazide diuretics.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

Prostacyclin-stimulating factor, novel protein, and diabetic angiopathy.

We recently purified and cloned a new protein that stimulates the synthesis of prostacyclin (PGI2) by the vascular endothelial cells (ECs). We have termed this protein "PGI2-stimulating factor" (PSF). The present study evaluated the expression of PSF mRNA in tissues of Wistar rats, including the kidneys of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, and in cultured cells. Furthermore, we evaluated the presence of PSF in human sera and the immunohistochemical localization of PSF in tissues of patients obtained at autopsy. The latter included a coronary atherosclerotic lesion of a patient who died of acute myocardial infarction. PSF was observed by Northern blot analysis to be expressed in all rat tissues examined (brain, lung, liver, kidney, skeletal muscle, and fat tissue) and was expressed in cultured vascular ECs, smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and fibroblast cells (FCs). A decreased expression of PSF was observed in the kidneys of diabetic rats versus those of normal rats. The presence of PSF in human serum was confirmed by Western blot analysis. In humans, PSF was mainly localized in vascular ECs and SMCs of arterial media and in SMCs of bronchi. Reduced staining for PSF was found in an atherosclerotic versus a normal coronary artery of humans. PSF may be involved in the production of PGI2 in the vessel wall and may participate in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. PSF abnormalities may be involved in the development of such vascular lesions as atherosclerosis and diabetic angiopathy.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Effects of Synovex-S and recombinant bovine growth hormone (Somavubove) on growth responses of steers: II. Muscle morphology and proximate composition of muscles.

Twenty crossbred beef steers (initial BW 182 +/- 1.8 kg) were used in a 2 x 2 factorial to determine the effects of implantation with Synovex-S (SYN; 20 mg 17-beta estradiol benzoate + 200 mg progesterone, ear implant) and administration of recombinant bovine growth hormone (Somavubove SbV, .1 mg.kgBW-1.d-1, i.m.) on the morphology of six muscles (longissimus, psoas major, supraspinatus, triceps brachii, semitendinosus, rectus femoris) of growing steers. Implantation with SYN decreased the percentage distribution of FOG fibers and increased FG fibers in the supraspinatus and rectus femoris muscles (P < .05). Steers treated with SYN had a larger area of SO and FG fibers in the psoas major muscle (P < .05). The administration of SbV decreased the percentage distribution of FOG fibers and increased FG fibers in the rectus femoris muscle (P < .05). Steers administered SbV had larger SO, FOG, and FG fibers in the psoas major muscle and SO fibers in the supraspinatus and semitendinosus muscles (P < .05). The combined administration of SYN and SbV had minimal, if any, effect on the percentage distribution of fiber types (P > .05) but increased (P < .05) the fiber areas of all muscles (18.5 to 54.8%) except the rectus femoris (P > .05). Proximate composition of the muscles was generally not affected (P > .05) by any of the treatments. The only observations were decreases in fat content for psoas major and rectus femoris muscles as a result of the combined administration of SYN and SbV. These results indicate that both growth-promoting agents, SYN and SbV, have potential to increase muscle fiber size, but muscles respond differently to the administrations of SYN and SbV. However, when SYN and SbV are administered in combination, the combined effects result in an additive increase in muscle fiber hypertrophic response.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[A longitudinal study of hearing level aggravation due to aging].

It has been reported that hearing aggravation due to aging is predominantly in the high frequency range and that there are rapid and slow phase of aggravation in hearing level. In the present study, the pattern of aggravation of hearing level due to aging was investigated in 387 adults of over 35 years of age who had visited the Kitasato Health Science Center for a regular health check-up annually for more than 5 years, and were diagnosed as having neither external of middle ear diseases nor hearing impairment of obvious origin at their first visit. The subjects were divided into 8 groups according to their ages in increments of 5 years. Their audiograms were obtained annually, and the results were used to obtain the distribution of the hearing level at each test frequency. All of the subjects were examined for individual changes in audiograms and those who showed 20 dB or more aggravation of hearing in a 1-year period without subsequent improvement were defined as having a rapid phase of aggravation. There were clustering points in hearing distribution at around 30 dB and 60 dB at the test frequency of 8 kHz in those subjects showing a rapid phase of aggravation. Similar clustering points were also noted in those subjects who showed gradual aggravation of 20 dB or more in a 5-year period and who had 20 dB or more aggravation in one year but showed later improvement. As for the test frequencies lower than 4 kHz, there appeared to be a clustering point at around 30 dB. The incidence of the rapid phase of aggravation was then determined in each group, in order to investigate the relationship between aging and the appearance of the rapid phase of aggravation. The rapid phase was already noted in the youngest age group (range, 35-39 years), while the incidence gradually increased up to the 50-54-year group and stayed at a constant level in the 55-69-year groups. The incidence markedly decreased thereafter. The results suggest that hearing aggravation due to aging does not occur at any particular age. Rather, the hearing aggravation appeared to be closely related to the hearing level, and to manifest itself when the hearing level approaches 30 dB or 60 dB.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy: initial 2 cases].

Two patients with nonfunctioning kidney were treated with retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy. The working space in the retroperitoneum was created by balloon dissector consisted of surgical glove and rigid nephroscope. The balloon dissector inserted to retroperitoneal space was inflated with 500-600 ml normal saline. After removal of the balloon dissector, 4 trocars were inserted to the retroperitoneal space. In these two cases, the kidney were removed successfully without any complication. The operating time was 165 min and 219 min, respectively.

Aged↗