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Biomedical subjects

Y Ohta

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ohta.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Effects of prolonged oral cimetidine, ranitidine, and famotidine therapy on antipyrine elimination.

The effects of three histamine H2-receptor antagonists on the antipyrine metabolizing capacity of the liver were studied in 32 patients with gastrointestinal disorders and in three healthy volunteers. The drugs studied were 800 mg and 400 mg of cimetidine, 300 mg of ranitidine, and 40 mg of famotidine daily. Only cimetidine at 800 mg/day inhibited hepatic antipyrine metabolism, and the inhibitory effects disappeared rapidly with no accumulation.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

[Usefulness of caerulein in suppressing post-TAE complications of the gallbladder].

While transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization (TAE) has been extensively performed as a form of treatment for nonresectable malignant hepatic tumors, complications, such as abdominal pain, fever or leukocytosis due to gallbladder infarction by embolic materials frequently occur and have not yet been overcome. We devised a new procedure for reducing the incidence of gallbladder infarction by administering caerulein prior to TAE. Between 1984 and 1986, 63 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were treated by TAE with the use of Gelfoam. These patients were divided into 3 groups. Fourteen patients underwent TAE in which the tip of the catheter was placed in the right hepatic artery distal to the origin of the cystic artery (group A). In the other patients the tip of the catheter was placed proximal to the origin of the cystic artery; 40 patients were not treated by caerulein (group B); 9 patients were administered caerulein 20 micrograms intramuscularly 15 to 30 minutes prior to TAE. The incidence of complications after TAE, such as abdominal pain, fever over 38 degrees C, leukocytosis and ultrasonographical abnormalities of the gallbladder was compared in these 3 groups. The results showed that in group C (TAE after administration of caerulein), the incidence of complications was significantly decreased compared with group B(TAE without caerulein). The authors suggest that post-TAE infarction of the gallbladder is effectively diminished by contracting it with caerulein.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1987

Identification of intrahepatic lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with fulminant hepatitis by the immunoenzymatic technique, using monoclonal antibodies.

Intrahepatic lymphocyte subpopulations were studied in 11 patients with fulminant hepatitis (FH) (of whom 9 cases died) by the immunoenzymatic technique, using monoclonal T cell specific antibodies and other reagents. In peripheral blood, the OKT4 positive cells: OKT8 positive cells ratio in FH was higher than that in normal controls. In liver tissue, OKT8 positive cells were the predominant type of T cells, and these cells were in broad contact with the surface of the hepatocyte. Leu7 positive, OKT4/4a positive and Leu 15 positive cells were scarce and did not contact the hepatocyte. These results suggest that cytotoxic T cells may play an important role in hepatocyte necrosis in patients with FH.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Impaired intermediate-density lipoprotein triglyceride hydrolysis in familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency.

A new lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT)-deficient family was found in Japan. In the proband, both LCAT activity and LCAT mass were deficient. The patient's parents, child, and sister, diagnosed as heterozygotes, had half-normal LCAT activity and LCAT mass. In the patient, an increase of intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL, 1.006 less than d less than 1.019) fraction was observed. In postheparin plasma, both lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triglyceride lipase activities were low. Hydrolysis of [14C] triolein by human hepatic triglyceride lipase in patient IDL was decreased compared to that in IDL from normal postprandial serum. Preincubation of these IDL with normal plasma in the absence of 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) increased the rate of hydrolysis, in the presence of DTNB, this increment was not observed. These results suggest that one cause of IDL increase in the LCAT-deficient patient might be the difficulty of hydrolysis of these lipoprotein particles by hepatic triglyceride lipase.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

A delta-globin gene derived from patients with homozygous delta zero-thalassemia functions normally on transient expression in heterologous cells.

Three Japanese individuals with homozygous delta zero-thalassemia from different families were the subjects of molecular genetic analysis. They were homozygous for seven polymorphic sites in the beta-globin gene cluster. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the delta-globin gene cloned from each patient revealed a single nucleotide substitution (T-C) 77 base pairs 5' to the cap site, just upstream of the CCAAC box of the delta-globin gene. When introduced into COS cells, the gene was expressed at normal levels with proper processing of RNA. These results suggest that the complete suppression of delta-globin chain synthesis in these patients is not due to a defective promoter, a defective RNA processing or a chain terminator mutation, but rather to impaired regulation of gene expression specific to erythroid cells. The region around the CCAAC box may have a significant role in expression of the delta-globin gene in erythroid cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Thymosin-alpha 1 increases the capability to produce interleukin-3 but not interleukin-2 in nu/nu mice.

Thymosin-alpha 1 increased the capability of nu/nu mice to produce interleukin (IL)-3 but not IL-2 when administered intraperitoneally at doses of 0.5 and 5.0 micrograms/kg twice a week for 3-6 weeks. Thy-1-positive cells were responsible for the production of IL-3, which was determined by proliferation of the IL-3-dependent cell line (FDC-P2) as well as by augmentation of the in vitro growth of hematopoietic stem cells (colony-forming unit S [CFU-S]). The IL-3 activity released by nu/nu splenocytes emerged in fractions coincidentally with IL-3 released by WEHI-3 cells on Mono Q anion-exchange chromatography. However, IL-2 activity determined by proliferation of the IL-2-dependent cell line was not detected in any fractions of the same chromatography. These findings indicate that IL-2 is not always coproduced with IL-3 by Thy-1-positive cells. This suggests, taken together with results from previous studies about the cells producing IL-2 and IL-3 by other investigators, that thymosin-alpha 1 exerts its effect at an early stage of T cell differentiation to induce a T cell subpopulation capable of producing IL-3 (but not yet IL-2). Based on the present findings, we discuss the mechanism of action by which thymosin-alpha 1 exerts its diverse effects in immunosuppressed hosts but not a potentiating effect in healthy normal animals or in in vitro assays of T cell function.

Animals↗