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Biomedical subjects

Y Ohta

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ohta.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[A case of the right subclavian artery as the last branch of the aortic arch in the human fetus and a new classification on these variations].

An anomalous case of the right subclavian artery arising from the aortic arch as the last branch, in which the first branch was the right common carotid, the second the left common carotid and the third the left subclavian artery, was found in a 10 months human fetus among 173 fetuses. The right subclavian artery arose from the posterior wall of the aortic arch at the level of the Th4 and passed obliquely between the esophagus and the thoracic vertebrae. The right and the left vertebral arteries arising from the subclavian arteries on the same side entered the transverse foramen of the C6 of each side. This case belonged to type G of Adachi's classification and as well type 5 of Holzapfel's. The present authors wish to offer a new trial classification on these variations, including the origins and numbers of the vertebral arteries, by investigating many original reports in Japanese, as follows: 1) A new classification is fixed on the basis of the type G and H of Adachi-Williams et al.-Nakagawa in the classification of the branching types of the aortic arch. The type G represents that the right common carotid, the left common carotid, the left subclavian and the right subclavian arteries arise from the aortic arch in this order. The type H represents that the bicarotid trunk, the left subclavian and the right subclavian arteries arise from the aortic arch. 2) When the left vertebral artery arising from the aortic arch is found in the type G and H, "C" is prefixed G or H, as type CG, type CH. 3) When the right vertebral artery arising from the right common carotid artery is found, a prime mark, ""', is put on G or H, as type G', type H'. 4) In order to represent a compound type of the above 2) and 3), both "C" and ""' are put, as type CG', type CH'. 5) When the bilateral vertebral arteries arising from the respective subclavian artery are found in the above 2), 3) and 4) "2" postfixed "C" and the prime mark ""', as type G'2, type C2G, type CG'2, type C2G', type C2G'2, type H'2, type C2H, type CH'2, type C2H', type C2H'2. According to the above new classification, Adachi's type G can be arranged into 18 branching types. This classification may be helpful and sufficient to provide more than 100 cases of the type G and H reported on Japanese.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical study of UFT chemotherapy in renal cancer. Kyushu University Cooperative Study Group of Renal Cancer].

Clinical effects of UFT chemotherapy for renal cancer were evaluated by 19 collaborating hospitals. UFT (300-600 mg/day) was administered for more than 3 months. Of the 30 patients entered in this study, 21 were evaluable for the antitumor effects of the drug. Of the 21 evaluable patients, complete response (CR) was obtained in 2 patients, partial response (PR) in 1, no change (NC) in 7, progressive disease (PD) in 11, respectively. The response rate was 0% in patients with primary lesion and 21.4% in nephrectomized patients with metastatic lesion. Responses were observed in the metastases of lung, pleura and mediastinal lymph node. The main side effects in 27 patients were gastrointestinal symptoms. No significant abnormality was noted on blood laboratory data. In one patient the drug was discontinued within 3 months because of gastrointestinal symptoms. These results suggested that UFT chemotherapy for advanced renal cancer was clinically effective.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Performance evaluation of X-ray computed tomography "TCT-700S".

The performance of the CT scanner "TCT-700S" (Toshiba Medical), including noise, spatial and contrast resolution, and exposure, was evaluated. Noise increased as the slice thickness decreased. No matter what the slice thickness, noise was great when the product of tube current and scan speed (described by mAs in the following sentences) was small. Furthermore, the short scan speed caused considerable large noise. Reduction of the mAs value caused remarkable increase in noise when the slice thickness was 1 mm or 2 mm. At combinations of slice thicknesses of 1 mm or 2 mm and 100 mAs, noise was 1-1.5%. When slice thicknesses were measured as the spatial resolution, in the case of a slice thickness of 1 mm, the measurements were 1.6 to 1.8 mm. When high and low contrast resolutions were measured, maximum diameters for the recognition were large as slice thickness became thinner. Although average exposure promised the improvement in the contrast resolution, great exposure increases failed to contribute to such improvement. These performances depended on the exposure. In the case of multiple scanning, average exposures in the field were uniform. However, at a minimum scan speed of 1.8 sec, a three fold discrepancy occurred in exposures observed reciprocally from the left and right sides. Average exposures were also almost the same with slice thicknesses of 10 mm, 5 mm and 2 mm, but with a slice thickness of 1 mm, average exposure was twice as great. This measurement indicates inadequate collimation in the case of a slice thickness of 1 mm. These average exposures were proportional to the mAs value. The radial-exposure profile depended on the position in the columnar object. Although similar average exposures were observed, high peak values were observed on the upper side, but exposure tended to spread at the bottom in the center. This means that the primary x-ray amounts were great in the peripheral region and scattered x-ray amounts were great at the center.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1990

Experimental infection of African green monkeys and cynomolgus monkeys with a SIVAGM strain isolated from a healthy African green monkey.

An infection occurred in all African green monkeys and cynomolgus monkeys experimentally inoculated with SIVAGM [TYO-1], as demonstrated by the appearance of an antibody to SIVAGM [TYO-1] and the isolation of the virus. No monkey exhibited overt clinical disorders throughout the experimental period of 42 weeks. Thus, SIVAGM was not pathogenic to its original host or to macaques. This system is proposed as a model for HIV infection manifesting no overt disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Radionuclide assessment of cardiac involvement in patients with sarcoidosis].

This study was aimed to determine whether nuclear methods were useful for examining cardiac pathology and for making a decision of corticosteroid therapy in patients with sarcoidosis. Thirty six patients were divided into two groups; GpA consisted of 19 patients with cardiac sarcoidosis and abnormal ECG findings, and GpB of 17 patients with sarcoidosis without ECG abnormalities. Cardiac uptake of 67Ga-citrate in 2 and 99mTc-PYP in one of GpA was observed and steroid therapy resulted in the disappearance of the uptake. 201Tl-CL cardiac tomograms disclosed perfusion defects in 10 of 14 patients (71%) in GpA, including defects with redistribution in 8 of the 10 pts, but only one case in GpB. Radionuclide ventriculography using 99mTc-RBC revealed abnormal response of left ventricular (LV) function to exercise and LV dysfunction in GpA. These data suggest that nuclear study is a useful tool for diagnosing cardiac sarcoidosis, evaluating therapeutic effectiveness and long-term follow-up in patients with sarcoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Control mechanism of the respiratory muscle during forced expiration].

Control mechanism of the respiratory muscle during forced expiration was analyzed. Respiratory flow. EMG of the intercostal muscle (IC), external oblique (EO) and internal oblique (IO) abdominal muscle were analyzed in eleven healthy volunteers. The pattern of EMG activity during forced expiration could be classified according to its shape i.e., taper- or hill-shaped. The taper shape was found in 7 of 9 subjects for IC and in 8 of 11 subjects for EO. The hill shape was found in 4 of 6 subjects for 10. Twelve consecutive trials without intervals did not alter the pattern of flow-volume curve, activity of respiratory muscle and frequency component (i.e., H/L ratio). When the expiratory circuit was obstructed for a short interval during forced expiration, the rise in pleural pressure was slight but that in oral pressure was large, and the activity of respiratory muscle decreased for a short period. The latencies from the onset of expiratory circuit obstruction to the reduction in EMG activity were 61.5-100 msec. In IC, 61.5-106.5 msec in EO. and 58.0-92.3 msec in 10. These values did not differ significantly any given subject. Airway anesthesia with xylocaine did not alter latency. In conclusion, the pattern of respiratory muscle activity for forced expiration is predetermined and is specific for each muscle. Negative feedback from receptors in airway or in respiratory muscle was strongly suggested. Repetitive trials up to twenty times did not cause respiratory muscle fatigue.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Mixed type total anomalous pulmonary venous connection with the left upper pulmonary vein draining into the innominate vein and the other pulmonary veins into the coronary sinus--surgical correction in 2 infants].

Surgical repair of the mixed type total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) in infancy is known to be difficult. In this report, experience of two infants with the mixed type TAPVC with the left upper pulmonary vein (PV) draining into the innominate vein and the other PVs into the coronary sinus (IIa + Ia (left upper PV) type TAPVC) is presented. In such cases, it has been said that the left upper PV should be left uncorrected, but we anastomosed the left upper PV, that was thin and fragile, to the left atrium and corrected all the other anomalous PVs. The results were satisfactory. Recently, Extra-Corporeal circulation, microsurgery, and other techniques have significantly progressed, so we consider that the anastomosis is possible in most infants with IIa + Ia (left upper PV) type TAPVC. In the future, careful clinical follow-up and repeat catheterizations should be done, and we'd like to examine the long term patency of the left upper PV.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1990

[A case of mixed connective tissue disease associated with uncommon acute myopathy caused by isolated muscle epithelioid granuloma].

The patient is 48 year-old female who has been followed as MCTD with nonsteroidal therapies for 18 years. Sometimes she has been attached by focal severe muscle pain. One year ago, she had general myalgia associated with high fever and arthralgia. The results of the examination, aldolase, GOT, GPT, gamma-GTP, CRP and leucocyte were increased. Muscle biopsy showed noncaseating epithelioid granuloma being in contact with enlarged injected vessels. Out of tough with granuloma, a few fibre necroses, fibrosis of muscle, and degeneration of collagen fiber were recognized. After treatment of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents, her every complain was removed. Her muscle looks normal herself. MCTD has myopathy caused by inflammatory infiltrates and fibre necroses. But granulomatous myositis is very rare. It is difficult to differentiate our case from sarcoidosis, especially acute isolated muscle sarcoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A case report of diaphragmatic flutter].

A 18-year-old female complained of a dyspneic sensation and involuntary movements in the epigastrium. On physical examination, fine rhythmic movements in the epigastrium were observed on each inspiration with a rate of 5-10 per breath. Arterial blood gas analysis was normal. Recording of the respiratory parameters and the EMG of respiratory muscles were performed. Analysis of the respiratory flow revealed that her spontaneous inspirations consisted of short inspirations (i.e., flutter wave) (150-170 beats per minute). EMG of respiratory muscles demonstrated that these flutter waves were driven by intercostal muscles and diaphragm. The flutter waves were not suppressed by breath holding at the maximal inspiration. With intravenous injection of 200 mg of diphenylhydantoin, flutter waves disappeared within 10 minutes. There were no abnormal findings on chest roentgenogram, electrocardiogram, head CT scan and MRI of the cervical spine. During one year's follow up no attack developed again. We have encountered 3 cases of the syndrome since 1981. In two of them, the spontaneous respiration was superimposed on a high-frequency wave throughout the whole respiratory cycle while in one case the high-frequency wave developed only in the inspiratory phase of spontaneous respiration. In the present case the respiratory flow pattern was similar to the last mentioned and the EMG-analysis of respiratory muscles confirmed that the flutter waves were driven by intercostal muscles and diaphragm. Furthermore, synchronization of activities of the two respiratory muscles suggests that the syndrome is of central origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[A case of tricuspid atresia with unroofed coronary sinus].

Tricuspid atresia with unroofed coronary sinus is an extremely rare cardiac anomaly. A 15-year-old boy who was successfully operated was suspected this disease preoperatively. We speculated this disease by right atrial angiography and underwent the direct suture closure of a coronary sinus defect and Fontan's operation. When we perform Fontan's operation on tricuspid atresia, we should take the existence of unroofed coronary sinus into our consideration. The echocardiography, cardiac catheterization and angiography, especially, right atrial angiography had to be carried out preoperatively. During the operation, it is important to check over the influence of cardioplegic solution from the ostium of coronary sinus. If not, elaborate inspection have to be done on the back wall of the left atrium through ASD to search for abnormal communication directly or by inserting sound from coronary sinus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Adenomyoma in association with early gastric carcinoma].

Described is a gastric adenomyoma associated with superficial gastric adenocarcinoma that was found in a 72-year-old male. This uncommon benign gastric lesion is believed to be developmental in origin and sometimes categorized as belonging to a subgroup of a heterotopic pancreas. Besides its rarity, an adenomyoma is also known to be a possible cause of a gastric malignancy. Although the focus of the carcinoma in our case was located in the center of the adenomyoma, this finding cannot support the etiology of a gastric carcinoma originating in an adenomyoma. However, the present case appears to imply some relationship between an adenomyoma and a gastric carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Serum bilirubin subfractionation by high-performance liquid chromatography in patients with fulminant hepatic failure].

Serum bilirubin subfractionation, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), was carried out and clinically evaluated in 9 patients with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). Serum unconjugated bilirubin (UCB), C-8 bilirubin mono-conjugate (MBC), C-12BMC and bilirubin di-conjugate (BDC) were quantified by the alkaline methanolysis-HPLC method described by Blanckaert. Similar studies were performed in 10 patients with acute hepatitis (AH) and 6 patients with obstructive jaundice and the results were compared. In patients with rising serum bilirubin, the serum C-12BMC/C-8BMC ratio was calculated to be as follows: 2.10 +/- 0.21 for FHF, 1.05 +/- 0.34 for AH and 0.81 +/- 0.08 for obstructive jaundice, respectively. A significant differences were observed between FHF and AH (P less than 0.01). As there was almost no overlapping, it was considered that this determination is useful for the differential diagnosis of jaundiced patients, especially, in those patients with AH whose sera show a prolonged prothrombin time lower than 40%, and there is a concern that they may develop FHF. The calculation of C-12BMC/C-8BMC allows us to make a differential diagnosis between AH and FHF at an early period in the development of the disease, and it was proved that serum C-12BMC/C-8BMC ratio can reflect the magnitude of hepatocyte damage as well as bilirubin metabolism disturbance.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Surgical management of squamous cell carcinoma of the floor of the mouth.

A retrospective review is presented of 76 patients, referred to the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, who underwent surgical management for squamous cell carcinoma of the floor of the mouth during the period March, 1969, to May, 1988. Of the 76 patients, 34 (45%) were treated by surgery alone, 19 (25%) by cryosurgery and 23 (30%) by a combination of surgery and another treatment modality, either irradiation (22 patients) or chemotherapy (one patient). Fifty-three percent of the patients had stage III or IV disease. Twenty-two patients (29%) developed recurrent disease during follow-up. Eighty-five percent of the treatment failures were identified within 24 months of treatment. The most common site of recurrence, seen in 14 out of 22 cases, was the neck. The actuarial five-year survivals for patients were: stage I disease, 96%; stage II, 79%; stage III, 66%; stage IV, 49%. Recent technical advances, allowing extensive resection and reconstruction in the surgical management of this kind of tumor, have improved the prognosis even for patients with advanced disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Relationship between L-tryptophan uptake and L-tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity in rat hepatocytes.

The relationship between L-tryptophan uptake and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity in hepatocytes was examined and compared with the change of hepatic L-leucine, L-phenylalanine, and L-tyrosine uptakes using isolated hepatocytes of rats in which the oxygenase was induced with L-tryptophan or hydrocortisone. In L-tryptophan- or hydrocortisone-treated rat hepatocytes, the rate of L-tryptophan uptake into hepatocytes via the saturable high-affinity transport component significantly increased but the hepatic uptake rate of L-leucine did not change at all. In hydrocortisone-treated rat hepatocytes, a little stimulated hepatic uptake of L-phenylalanine or L-tyrosine was observed. In the stimulated hepatic uptake of L-tryptophan via the high-affinity transport component, the Km value did not change but the Vmax value increased. Liver plasma membranes prepared from rats treated with L-tryptophan or hydrocortisone showed the same binding rate of L-tryptophan to the membranes as those from control rats. In addition, hepatic L-tryptophan uptake via the high-affinity transport component correlated well with hepatic tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity (r = 0.787). The present results indicate that the uptake of L-tryptophan into hepatocytes via a transport system which works under physiological conditions is closely related to hepatic tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Long-term follow-up study of I-131 therapy for Graves' disease--index associated with late-onset hypothyroidism].

We have studied the follow-up of thyroid function in the patients with late-onset hypothyroidism and euthyroidism after I-131 therapy of hyperthyroidism. Thirty three patients who did not need the thyroid treatment until ten years after I-131 therapy were classified as euthyroid group. And eleven patients who needed the thyroid supplement of thyroid hormone for late-onset hypothyroidism were classified as hypothyroid group. Patients in both groups who required only a single dose of I-131 for successful treatment of hyperthyroidism had similar age, gland size, 24 hour I-131 uptake, pretreatment serum T3 uptake level and T4 concentration, and I-131 treatment dose. Subclinical hypothyroidism occurred in 28.6% of euthyroid group and 66.7% of hypothyroid group four months after I-131 therapy. The levels of T3 were recovered to higher than normal range at 6 months in euthyroid group, while the levels of T3 were kept within the normal range in the seventy percent of hypothyroid group. Patients who were still lower in the level of T3 uptake than normal range at 6 months had a higher incidence of late-onset hypothyroidism. Our observation showed no significant difference in the course of follow-up studies after I-131 therapy between the patients with late-onset hypothyroidism and euthyroidism.

Adult↗