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Biomedical subjects

Y Ohno

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ohno.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Malignant lymphomas of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study.

The clinicopathologic and immunohistological features of 20 Japanese patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) limited to the sinonasal area were studied using a broad panel of T- and B-cell markers on paraffin-embedded and fresh frozen tissue. All cases showed a diffuse growth pattern. Nine cases were B-cell lymphomas (immunoblastic n = 4, centroblastic n = 3, immunocytoma n = 1, centrocytic n = 1), and nine were T-cell lymphomas (pleomorphic medium and large cell n = 8, angioimmunoblastic n = 1). In two cases, the cell lineage could not be determined. No morphologic features of angiocentric/angiodestructive lymphoproliferative lesions or lymphoepithelial lesions in ductal or glandular epithelium were seen in our series. Eight (89%) of the nine T-cell tumors and four (44%) of the nine B-cell neoplasms involved both the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Six of the nine T-cell neoplasms showed a clinical presentation of rhinitis, whereas all of the B-cell neoplasms showed tumor masses in the nasal cavity and/or paranasal sinuses. The two-year survival rate for T-cell lymphomas was poorer than that for B-cell lymphomas. The five-year survival of patients with NHLs involving both the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses was also poorer than that of patients in whom NHLs were limited to the nasal cavity.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

VDD pacing with a previously implanted single lead system.

Three patients who had undergone implantation of a rate modulated, atrial sensitive RS4 pacemaker, with a single orthogonal lead underwent replacement of a depleted unit with a DDD pulse generator, reusing the original lead with an adapter that allowed conversion of the bipolar atrial electrode into unipolar configuration. The mean atrial electrogram amplitude was 1.8 mV and no significant atrial sensing defects were found during Holter monitoring. As the RS4 pulse generator is no longer available, continued VDD pacing is possible by replacing it with a DDD pulse generator using the previously implanted single lead system.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Clinical significance of QRS duration during ventricular pacing.

To clarify the clinical significance of an abnormally prolonged paced QRS duration, we studied 114 patients who had undergone pacing for atrioventricular block (AVB). Patients were divided into two groups: group I consisted of 29 patients with at least one paced QRS duration greater than or equal to 180 msec during the follow-up period; group II consisted of 85 patients with paced QRS durations less than 180 msec. The clinical background, QRS complexes before pacing, and the echocardiographic findings were assessed. Males (P less than 0.05), those with H-V block (P less than 0.05) and a wider QRS complex of conducted and escape beats (both P less than 0.01) were dominant in group I. The incidence of underlying heart disease was greater in group I than in group II (83% vs 32%, P less than 0.01). Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and increased left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDd) were more prominent in group I than in group II (LVEF 0.49 +/- 0.17 vs 0.68 +/- 0.10, P less than 0.01, LVDd 57.1 +/- 7.9 mm vs 48.5 +/- 5.6 mm, P less than 0.01). The paced QRS duration correlated with LVEF (r = -0.61) and LVDd (r = 0.81). A paced QRS duration greater than or equal to 180 msec was sensitive and specific for a LVEF less than 0.5 (83.3% and 85.2%) and LVDd greater than or equal to 60 mm (100% and 81.4%). We conclude that patients with a prolonged paced QRS duration have more serious heart disease, and the paced QRS duration can be a useful indicator of impaired LV function.

Cardiac Pacing, Artificial↗
PubMed1992

Disturbed calcium metabolism in offspring of hypertensive parents.

To assess a possible heritability of a disturbed calcium metabolism in relation to blood pressure regulation, 28 young normotensive offspring of either hypertensive or normotensive parents were studied while administered a defined diet with daily sodium chloride of 6 and 20 g/day for 7 days each. Before the high salt diet was begun, the cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in platelets was elevated in offspring of hypertensive parents, whereas serum electrolytes, plasma renin activity, plasma catecholamines, and 24-hour urinary excretion of sodium and calcium showed no difference between the two groups. On exposure to a high salt diet, the mean blood pressure increased (from 80 +/- 2 to 85 +/- 2 mm Hg, p less than 0.05) in offspring of hypertensive parents. These changes in mean blood pressure were positively correlated with the basal platelet [Ca2+]i (r = 0.61, p less than 0.01), whereas [Ca2+]i did not demonstrate any significant changes. When the subjects were administered the high salt diet, plasma ionized calcium decreased (from 2.37 to 2.21 meq/l, p less than 0.05) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 increased (from 32.7 to 40.8 pg/ml, p less than 0.05) with a transient relative hypercalciuria in offspring of hypertensive parents. This increase of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was significantly correlated with the changes in mean blood pressure (r = 0.62, p less than 0.01). Disturbed intraplatelet and systemic calcium metabolism may be of predictive value in the development of hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Long-term follow-up study of three patients with the long QT syndrome.

We studied three women with the long QT syndrome. They were aged 42, 52 and 25 years and had experienced recurrent syncopal attacks. We followed case 1 for 17, case 2 for 18, and case 3 for over 6 y. The attacks tended to occur during the premenstrual stage in case 1 and case 2; case 3 often experienced attacks after exercise. The QT(U)c intervals on admission were 0.68, 0.62, and 0.50 in case 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Torsade de pointes followed by ventricular fibrillation was documented in case 1 and case 2. Although each was treated with a beta-blocker, none was fully compliant with the regimen. In case 1, estrogen therapy administered to maintain the hormonal balance premenstrually effectively prevented attacks. Despite the inconsistent use of beta-blockers, the attacks in case 1 and case 2 tended to decrease with age. Case 2 experienced no attacks after menopause. Cause 3 took medication consistently and remained free of attacks for over 6 y. Although she discontinued beta-blocker therapy because of pregnancy, she has experienced no attacks to date. These case studies suggest that hormonal status may be important in the development of syncopal attacks in female patients with the long QT syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Serum estradiol 17-sulphate and lipid peroxides in late pregnancy.

Estradiol 17-sulphate is readily converted to 2-OH or 4-OH estradiol 17-sulphate. The latter two strongly antagonize lipid peroxidation, which may play certain roles during pregnancy, such as pregnancy-induced hypertension. Serum estradiol 17-sulphate during mid and late pregnancy was measured using a direct radioimmunoassay without hydrolysis, and the level increased as pregnancy progressed. The levels in the sixth (20-23 weeks) and tenth months (36-39 weeks) of gestation were 1.42 +/- 0.04 nmol/l (mean +/- SD) and 3.42 +/- 1.09 nmol/l, respectively. The maternal venous levels before and at delivery and in the umbilical veins and artery were 3.38 +/- 0.83, 3.48 +/- 1.53, 4.11 +/- 1.40 and 4.30 +/- 1.81 nmol/l, respectively. The latter two values were slightly higher than the former two. Estradiol 17-sulphate in maternal venous blood began to decrease around delivery. Serum lipid peroxides were measured using the method of Yagi. Estradiol 17-sulphate and lipid peroxides showed a simple regression slope (r = -0.548, p less than 0.05) during late pregnancy. These results suggest that estradiol 17-sulphate may be converted to 2-OH or 4-OH estradiol 17-sulphate, which act as lipid peroxide scavengers during pregnancy.

Estradiol↗
PubMed1992

The influence of tetrodotoxin on the toxic effects of aconitine in vivo.

Both aconite toxins (aconitine, mesaconitine, and hypaconitine) and a pufferfish toxin (tetrodotoxin, TTX) were detected in the blood of a legal autopsy case. In order to elucidate the in vivo influence of TTX on the toxic effects of aconitine, a mixture of aconitine and TTX was administered to male ICR mice orally or intraperitoneally. The animal experiments revealed that the time of death due to aconitine was significantly delayed in proportion to the dose of TTX compared with the case for aconitine alone, and that the mortality of aconitine was lowered by TTX when the dose ratio of the two toxins was in a particular range. Accordingly, it is thought that the toxic effects of aconitine are attenuated by TTX in vivo.

Aconitine↗
PubMed1992

[Intraarterial COMPA (cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum (II), vincristine, methotrexate, peplomycin, adriamycin) chemotherapy for bladder cancer].

Seventeen patients with bladder cancer were treated with semiselective intraarterial COMPA chemotherapy. One course of COMPA consisted of 20 mg/m2 cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum (CDDP) on days 4 and 5, 0.6 mg/m2 vincristine (VCR) (Oncovin) on days 1 and 2, 5 mg/m2 methotrexate (MTX) on days 2 and 3, 5 mg/body peplomycin (PEP) on days 1, 2 and 3, and 15 mg/m2 adriamycin (ADM) on day 4. These drugs were injected every 2 or 3 weeks through a polyurethane catheter the tip of which was placed just proximal to the aortic bifurcation and during injection both thighs were tied with a pressure of over 250 mmHg. From 2 to 6 courses (mean, 4.4 courses) were administered. Of the 17 patients, 4 achieved complete remission, 10 achieved partial remission and 3 showed no change. After this COMPA chemotherapy eight patients were able to retain their bladders while seven underwent immediate radical cystectomy. The adjuvant COMPA chemotherapy for two patients with pelvic metastasis after radical cystectomy showed good results. Mild degrees of anorexia, nausea, vomiting, hair loss, numbness of fingers and/or toes, leukopenia and intestinal paralysis were observed. Instrumental troubles were seen in two cases; one involved dislocation of the tip of the catheter, the other was infection of the reservoir. Intraarterial COMPA chemotherapy is effective for neoadjuvant therapy of invasive bladder cancer, bladder-preserving treatment and adjuvant therapy of pelvic metastasis.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

The metabolism of 1,6-dinitropyrene in rat hepatocytes.

This paper reports investigations using hepatocytes to study the metabolism and DNA binding of the environmental contaminant, 1,6-dinitropyrene. Since 1,6-dinitropyrene is not believed to be mutagenic per se, metabolites were synthesized and the metabolism of 1,6-dinitropyrene was subsequently studied in rat hepatocytes. The mode of activation of dinitropyrenes is reduction of one of the nitro groups. Nitroreduction has been shown previously to be oxygen sensitive and therefore the effect of oxygen on the metabolic pattern and DNA binding was investigated by comparing results from aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The binding of [14C]1,6-dinitropyrene equivalents to rat hepatocyte DNA was increased by 15% in the presence of oxygen. Although there was little difference in the rate of 1,6-dinitropyrene metabolism, with or without O2, there was a difference in the metabolic pattern. Under anaerobic conditions there was an increase in the level of the terminal reduction product 1-amino-6-nitropyrene.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical assessment of 99mTc-HMPAO scintigraphy in thoracic tumors].

99mTc-hexamethylpropylene amineoxime (99mTc-HMPAO) scintigraphy was performed in 15 malignant tumors in 11 patients and a patient with bronchopneumonia. A high 99mTc-HMPAO affinity for the tumors was observed on SPECT, however, the mean tumor/contralateral normal lung ratios of 99mTc-HMPAO activity (1.26) was lower than that of 201Tl-chloride (2.29). 99mTc-HMPAO uptake was seen not only in the tumors but also in the bronchopneumonia, atelectasis, and irradiated lung (containing radiation fibrosis). Moreover, a diffuse uptake in the lung was seen in a patient received repeated chemotherapy. Therefore, it is emphasized that there is a non-specific 99mTc-HMPAO uptake in those various pulmonary conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Recovery of endothelium-dependent responses by reseeding endothelial cells in culture onto the denuded coronary artery.

Endothelium-denuded coronary artery was reseeded with the endothelial cells in culture, and the endothelium-dependent responses were compared with those in arteries with or without native endothelium. A23187 produced a relaxation in the arterial preparations reseeded with cultured endothelial cells in the cell suspension of 10(5) cells/ml for 17 to 19 hr, whereas no relaxation was observed in the denuded artery. Relaxing response to Ca++ ionophore A23187 was dependent on the number of endothelial cells reseeded. The A23187-induced relaxation in the cell-reseeded artery was inhibited markedly by pretreatment with 3 x 10(-4) M NG-monomethyl-L-arginine or 5 x 10(-5) M methylene blue, but not 10(-4) M aspirin. NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (3 x 10(-4) M) and methylene blue (5 x 10(-5) M) produced a contraction in the cell-reseeded artery. Contraction evoked by bradykinin in the denuded arteries was attenuated by reseeding endothelial cells. KCl-induced contraction in the endothelium-reseeded artery did not differ from that in the denuded artery. Contractile responses to norepinephrine and serotonin were attenuated by reseeding endothelial cells onto the denuded artery to a small extent. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the luminal surface of endothelium-reseeded arteries was partly covered with endothelial cells. We conclude that when the cultured endothelial cells are reseeded onto a denuded coronary artery, endothelium-derived relaxing factor release occurs, but endothelium-dependent mechanisms are not the same as those for native cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Estimation of interleukin 6 production by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in four human myeloma cell lines.

Although an autocrine growth mechanism through interleukin 6 has been advocated in human myeloma cells, reports of IL-6 production by cells from established myeloma cell lines are rare. In the present study, we examined whether or not a minute amount of interleukin 6 is produced in 4 human myeloma cell lines. IL-6 production was not detected in any of the 4 lines by enzyme immunoassay, bioassay with two interleukin 6-dependent murine hybridoma cell lines and Northern hybridization. However, we detected interleukin 6 mRNA in one (U266) of the 4 lines by the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Nevertheless, the proliferation of all 4 lines was not inhibited by an anti-interleukin 6 antibody. These results suggest that autocrine stimulation by interleukin 6 is not involved in the majority of human myeloma cell lines.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Role of platelet cytosolic calcium in the response to salt intake in normotensive subjects.

1. To investigate the role of cytosolic calcium in salt-induced hypertension, a high salt diet was given to young normotensive subjects with or without a family history of hypertension. 2. A high salt diet raised blood pressure significantly in normotensive subjects with a family history compared with the age and gender matched subjects without a predisposition to hypertension. 3. Platelet cytosolic calcium was increased in predisposed subjects in a control period before salt intake. 4. A positive correlation was observed between the changes in mean blood pressure and cytosolic calcium before high salt intake, although salt loading did not induce any significant change in cytosolic calcium. 5. These results suggest that cytosolic calcium plays a role in elevation of blood pressure induced by salt loading in subjects with a family history of hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Monocytoid B lymphocytes and epithelioid cell clusters in abscess-forming granulomatous lymphadenitis. With special reference to cat scratch disease.

In order to clarify the appearance of monocytoid B lymphocytes (MBLs) in abscess-forming granulomatous lymphadenitis (AGL) and the relation between AGL and cat-scratch disease (CSD), 48 cases of AGL were studied histologically. MBLs were present in about 50% of AGL cases. Warthin-Starry (WS) silver stain-positive bacteria, which are the causative agent of CSD, were present in 52.4% of AGL cases with MBLs and 59.2% of AGL cases without MBLs. The appearance of MBLs in AGL was not related to various clinical features, including disease interval from initial lymphadenopathy to lymph node biopsy. Histologically, epithelioid cell clusters appeared in about 70% of MBL-positive AGL cases, but were not observed in MBL-negative AGL. Therefore, a close interaction between MBLs and epithelioid cells in AGL is suggested, and we emphasize that the histological features of some AGL cases resemble those of toxoplasmic lymphadenitis.

Abscess↗
PubMed1991

Antiestrogenic effect of gestrinone as an inhibitor of [3H]-estradiol binding to nuclear type II sites.

Gestrinone has a biophysical antiestrogenic effect. But the mechanism of its antiestrogenic effect is not clear. Gestrinone blocked the increase of estrogen binding of nuclear type II sites and uterine weight in the estrogen-treated immature rabbit. Competitive assays indicated that gestrinone, at low concentrations (0.4 approximately 4 nM), inhibited [3H]-estradiol binding to nuclear type II sites. This inhibitory effect was the same as the addition of 20 microM diethyl-stilbestrol. This inhibition with gestrinone on [3H]-estradiol binding to nuclear type II sites appeared only when used at concentrations less than an equivalent molar of [3H]-estradiol. Time course analysis of the gestrinone binding inhibition showed that within the first 6 min gestrinone did not inhibit specific [3H]-estradiol binding to nuclear type II sites. This gestrinone-mediated inhibition was not observed in soluble fractions such as the cytosolic and KCl-extracted nuclear binding sites. These results suggest that gestrinone acts primarily on the nuclear fraction and then it operates the inhibitory mechanism on estradiol binding to nuclear type II sites.

Animals↗