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Biomedical subjects

Y Ohkawa

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ohkawa.

97 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Total one-stage repair of interrupted aortic arch associated with aortic septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus.

Successful total repair in one stage was performed in a 3-year-old girl who had interrupted aortic arch associated with aortic septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus. Surface-induced deep hypothermia and interrupted perfusion were used. The results of postoperative catheterization and angiocardiographic studies are analyzed, and the literature and results of previous surgical attempts at correction are reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR angiography of thoracic outlet syndrome.

Thoracic outlet syndrome is a disorder caused by neurovascular compression of the brachial nerve plexus and the subclavian artery or vein by bones and muscles. We report the MR angiographic findings of a patient with thoracic outlet syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical treatment of tetralogy of Fallot associated with congenital tricuspid insufficiency. A report of two cases.

Among the congenital anomalies associated with tetralogy of Fallot, tricuspid insufficiency is rare. In two children with tetralogy of Fallot associated with congenital tricuspid insufficiency, one due to elongation of the anterior papillary muscle and resultant redundancy of the anterior cusp of the tricuspid valve and another due to dysplasia of the tricuspid valve, both tetralogy of Fallot and tricuspid insufficiency were corrected simultaneously with success. The etiologic factors, clinical manifestations and surgical implications of this combination of anomalies are discussed. It is emphasized that tricuspid regurgitation must be repaired simultaneously in order to avoid low cardiac output syndrome in the case of tetralogy of Fallot associated with tricuspid regurgitation, particularly in which pulmonary regurgitation might occur after relief of the outflow tract obstruction.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preliminary study of pulmonary three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography with breath-holding using a contrast medium.

Pulmonary three-dimensional (3D) time-of-flight (TOF) MR angiography with breath-holding using a paramagnetic contrast medium and a 1.5 Tesla superconducting MR system was performed on a volunteer and five patients with hilar or mediastinal tumors in order to visualize the main pulmonary arteries. Six MR scans (one before and five after a Gd-DTPA injection) were obtained using fast imaging with a steady-state precession (FISP) sequence while the subjects held their breath. The acquisition time was 21 seconds, and images were obtained every 30 seconds. In the normal volunteer, the pulmonary MR angiogram obtained in the first postcontrast scan was successful in visualizing the main pulmonary artery, and its right and left branches to the level of the lobar branches. In the five patients, at the first postcontrast scanning, the pulmonary arteries had higher signal intensities than the surrounding structures. Therefore, during this imaging period, most tumors could be clearly distinguished from vessels. In images made much later after contrast medium injection, the pulmonary arteries could not be distinguished from the others. Pulmonary 3D TOF MR angiography with breath-holding using a contrast medium is very useful in demonstrating pulmonary vessels and tumors.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A 14-year-old patient with Ewing's sarcoma presenting at autopsy with multiple neurofibrillary tangles and Lewy bodies in addition to hemiatrophy of the central nervous system.

The autopsy findings of a 14-year-old Japanese girl with Ewing's sarcoma, who had multiple neurofibrillary tangles and Lewy bodies and hemiatrophy of the central nervous system (CNS), are reported. She had retinoblastoma of her right eye 8 months after birth, which was treated with chemotherapy and irradiation (40 Gy), twice, seizures 1 year and 2 months after birth, and thereafter severe mental retardation. She showed left hemiparesis after a febrile seizure at the age of 7 years and CT disclosed the right cerebral hemiatrophy. For the last 2 years of life she suffered from Ewing's sarcoma. Extrapyramidal signs were absent. Neuropathologically, tangles consisting of paired helical filaments were distributed symmetrically in virtually all the grey matter. They were particularly numerous in the frontal cortex and substantia nigra, but sparse in the nucleus of Meynert, hippocampus, and brainstem. Several Lewy bodies, which were ultrastructurally identical to those seen in Parkinson's disease, were present in the substantia nigra (more on the left than right) and locus coeruleus. Morphometrically, the number and size of substantia nigral neurons were reduced, the reduction in the latter being more marked than the former, but the melanin pigment contents and shapes of the remaining neurons appeared normal. The right cerebral hemiatrophy with contralateral cerebellar hemiatrophy may have been attributable to irradiation. Although our patient did not have parkinsonism, her features resembled those of a 28-year-old autopsy case reported by Popovich et al. [1987].

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Human papilloma virus (HPV) type 16 and 18 detected in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Recently the HPV genome has been detected in 75-80% of uterine cervical squamous cell carcinomas. High-risk HPV 16,18,31,33, and 45 are frequently associated with invasive carcinoma of the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, and nasal cavity. In this study we investigated the association of HPV16 and 18 in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) using PCR-based methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-eight fresh frozen tissues from HNSCC were collected. The samples were consisted of 26 cases from the larynx, 19 from the nasal and paranasal sinus, 16 the hypopharynx, 14 the oral cavity, 13 the oropharynx, and 10 from the nasopharynx. The presence of HPV genome was examined by PCR using HPV16 and 18 specific primers encoding E7 ORF. RESULTS: HPV16-DNA was detected in 23% of all cases (23/98), 31% (8/26) larynx, 16% (3/19) nasal and paranasal sinus, 19% (3/16) hypopharynx, 21% (3/14) oral cavity, 38% (5/13) oropharynx, and 10% (1/10) nasopharynx. HPV18-DNA was detected in 4% of all cases (4/98), 8% (2/26) larynx, and 15% (2/13) oropharynx. 54% (7/13) in oropharynx and 38% (10/26) in larynx showed rather high prevalence in the head and neck. CONCLUSIONS: HPV 16 and 18 play an important role in carcinogenesis of the head and neck, especially, in the oropharynx and larynx.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗