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Biomedical subjects

Y Ohe

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ohe.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Comparison between diltiazem and nicardipine used during anesthesia for coronary revascularization].

The effects of diltiazem (0.1 mg.kg-1 + 3 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) and nicardipine (0.01 mg.kg-1 + 2 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) on circulatory parameters were compared in 30 patients with ischemic heart disease, who underwent coronary revascularization. These drugs were administered intravenously via a Swan-Ganz catheter after induction of fentanyl anesthesia. The group injected with diltiazem showed significant decreases in heart rate, mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, left ventricular stroke work and rate-pressure product. The group injected with nicardipine showed significant decreases in mean arterial pressure, systemic vascular resistance, rate-pressure product and pressure-rate quotient. There were significant differences between the two groups in cardiac output, stroke volume, systemic vascular resistance and left ventricular stroke work. The results suggest that diltiazem protects the ischemic heart by slight cardiac suppression and that nicardipine reduces afterload by marked vascular dilatation during anesthesia for coronary revascularization. Both Ca-channel blockers were demonstrated to be useful.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Vibratory perception threshold in normal volunteers].

A feasibility study on the vibratory perception threshold (VPT) in normal volunteers was conducted to detect anti-cancer drug induced peripheral neuropathy. The VPT was found to increase with age. The mean VPT in the main hand in 25 normal volunteers was significantly higher than in the other hand. No variation of VPT was observed in one day or one week. Variation of VPT in the lower extremities was detected between two examiners. In conclusion, the measurement of VPT was expected to be useful for the detection of anti-cancer drug induced peripheral neuropathy, if there is one examiner and the examined hand is specified.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Combination effect of vaccination with IL2 and IL4 cDNA transfected cells on the induction of a therapeutic immune response against Lewis lung carcinoma cells.

In order to develop a more effective method of immunotherapy we have transfected mouse interleukin-2 (IL2) or mouse interleukin-4 (IL4) cDNA into a spontaneous non-immunogenic murine lung cancer. Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC). IL2 cDNA transfection more strongly decreases tumorigenicity of LLC than IL4 cDNA transfection. Recombinant-human-IL2 treatment of mice that were transplanted with untransfected LLC could not prolong their survival. In contrast, vaccination with IL2-cDNA-transfected LLC (LLC-IL2) and LLC-IL2 mixed with IL4-cDNA-transfected LLC (LLC-IL4) could significantly suppress tumor growth of LLC in a tumor-specific manner. The vaccination with LLC-IL2 mixed with the same number of LLC-IL4 cells was more suppressive to the growth of LLC than that with LLC-IL2 cells alone, while LLC-IL4 vaccination alone was ineffective. Nude, severe-combined-immune-deficient (SCID) and beige mice were unable to reject LLC-IL2 cells. However, immunodeficient mice responded to LLC-IL2, but not to LLC, since their survival times after transplantation with LLC-IL2 cells were significantly longer than the survival time of normal or immunodeficient mice transplanted with untransfected LLC cells. We conclude that vaccination with IL2-producing tumors and, with more pronounced effect, in combination with IL4-producing tumors, is able to induce an immune response to this normally non-immunogenic tumor. Tumor rejection appears to be achieved by the combined activity of CTL and NK cells. This strategy has potential for new immunotherapeutic interventions in cancer patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Decreased expression of DCC mRNA in human colorectal cancers.

The mRNA expression levels of DCC gene, which is cloned from the deleted region of chromosome 18q in colorectal cancers and thought to be a tumor-suppressor gene, was evaluated in tissue specimens surgically resected from patients with colorectal cancer by RT-PCR. This method was chosen as the expression level of DCC mRNA is below the detectable level for Northern-blot analysis. Semi-quantitative measurements of DCC mRNA were performed based on a standard curve defined by serial dilution of DCC cDNA. As a result, the expression level of DCC mRNA was found to be lower in 17 out of 30 colorectal cancers than in adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Inclusion of smooth muscle in tissue specimens was observed to have little disturbing effect on comparisons between cancerous and non-cancerous regions. In addition, all 4 specimens of colorectal cancer with liver metastasis showed the decreased expression level of DCC mRNA, suggesting that functional loss of DCC in cancerous tissues may play an important role in metastatic events.

Actins↗
PubMed1993

Interleukin-6 cDNA transfected Lewis lung carcinoma cells show unaltered net tumour growth rate but cause weight loss and shortened survival in syngeneic mice.

HuIL-6 cDNA, cloned into a neomycin resistant conferring expression vector, BMGNeo, was transfected into Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) cells. LLC cells (5 x 10(6) ml-1) transfected with IL-6 cDNA (LLC-IL6) secreted IL-6 into the culture supernatant at a concentration of 9.9 ng ml-1 within 48 h. When 1,000,000 of untransfected LLC, BMGNeo vector transfected LLC (LLC-Neo) or LLC-IL6 cells were transplanted into C57BL/6 mice subcutaneously, the mean +/- s.d. of survival times of these mice were 33.3 +/- 9.7, 34.3 +/- 7.1 and 17.0 +/- 3.1 days, respectively. The survival time of LLC-IL6 cells transplanted mice was significantly shorter than that of LLC (P < 0.01) or LLC-Neo (P < 0.01) cells transplanted mice without a measurable difference of tumour size. Plasma concentration of IL-6 steadily increased in LLC-IL6 transplanted mice. Body weight and serum albumin were significantly lower in LLC-IL6 transplanted mice than in LLC transplanted mice. Mouse IL-1 alpha and mouse TNF-alpha were not detected in the plasma of LLC-IL6 transplanted mice. These data suggested that secretion of IL-6 from LLC cells was unable to alter net tumour growth rate but rather caused a state similar to cachexia without detectable increase of IL-1 alpha and TNF-alpha in the plasma. This state may be responsible for the shortened survival of LLC-IL6 tumour-bearing mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Phase I study of CPT-11 and etoposide in patients with refractory solid tumors.

PURPOSE: To determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) and acceptable dose level of a cytotoxic regimen of CPT-11, a new camptothecin derivative, in combination with etoposide (VP-16) and to describe the principal toxicities associated with it. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with refractory solid tumors received VP-16 and CPT-11 daily for 3 consecutive days (days 1 through 3) every 3 or 4 weeks. Groups entered the trial at escalating CPT-11/VP-16 dose levels of 40/60, 60/60, 60/80, and 80/60 mg/m2. Thirty-four patients entered this study, of whom 33 were assessable for toxicity and 22 for therapeutic efficacy. RESULTS: Granulocytopenia was so severe that this regimen required supportive therapy with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). The majority of the patients experienced a 5% weight loss and diarrhea was the dose-limiting toxicity. The MTDs were 60/80 and 80/60 mg/m2 administered on days 1 through 3. Five of seven previously untreated patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) achieved partial responses (PRs) to this therapy, as did two with NSCLC who had received prior chemotherapy, two with head and neck cancer, and one with an adenocarcinoma (primary tumor unknown). CONCLUSION: The recommended dose of CPT-11/VP-16 for this regimen with G-CSF is 60/60 mg/m2 on days 1 through 3 every 3 to 4 weeks. We suggest that the combination of topoisomerase I and II inhibitors is likely to be an effective treatment strategy. The activity of this regimen against NSCLC is particularly encouraging and should be evaluated in a phase II trial.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Preparation and characterization of some alpha-D-glucans containing 3,6-anhydro D-glucose.

Alfa-D-glucans containing a 3,6-anhydro D-glucosyl residue were prepared from three kinds of alpha-D-glucan (elsinan, pullulan, and amylose), and the physical properties of these 3,6-anhydro glucans were examined. The method employed for introducing the 3,6-anhydro linkage into a D-glucosyl residue involved sulfation of the O-6 position with dimethylsulfoxide-sulfur trioxide complex and a subsequent alkali treatment of the resulting partially sulfated glucan. This introduction of the 3,6-anhydro linkage caused a decrease in viscosity of the original polysaccharides and made them resistant to the action of hydrolytic enzymes. Hydrolysis of the 3,6-anhydro glucans with dilute acid afforded several oligosaccharides whose reducing end was 3,6-anhydro D-glucose.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1993

[Epidural buprenorphine under nitrous oxide-oxygen-enflurane anesthesia in elderly patients].

The effects of epidural buprenorphine (Bn) under nitrous oxide-oxygen-enflurane (E) anesthesia in elderly patients were examined. The subjects were older than 65 years (n = 82) and scheduled for abdominal surgery. They were divided randomly into two groups according to epidural drugs used. The first group received epidural Bn 0.1-0.2 mg (group B, n = 41). The second group received epidural Bn 0.1-0.2mg + 1% lidocaine (group BL, n = 41). The enflurane concentration was 1.13% in group B, and it was significantly higher than 0.78% of group BL (P < 0.01). There was no intra-group difference in the highest systolic blood pressure during operation. The lowest systolic blood pressure during operation was 92.0 +/- 2.1 mmHg in group BL and it was significantly lower than 100.2 +/- 2.9 mmHg of group B (P < 0.05). The percentage of patients who needed vasoconstrictor drugs was 12% in group B, and it was significantly smaller than 42% of group BL (P < 0.01). On the other hand the percentage of patients who needed vasodilator drugs was 39% in group B, and it was significantly larger than 17% of group BL (P < 0.05). There was no intra-group difference in arousing time from anesthesia. Concerning the postoperative respiratory state, there was no intra-group difference in the respiratory rate, tidal volume and PaO2. But the PaCO2 value was 44.7 +/- 0.8 (mean +/- SE) mmHg in group BL, and it was significantly higher than 40.7 +/- 0.7 mmHg of group B (P < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abdomen↗
PubMed1993

[Assay of erythropoietin in serum with short term enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method--the clinical significance, Part 1: Relation to anemia in renal failure and hematological disorders].

With a newly developed enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit TOYOBO Co. in which 2 anti-EPO monoclonal antibodies were used, we assayed EPO concentration in sera from normal adults, 168 patients with renal failure and 333 patients with hematological disorders. In the patients with renal failure, serum EPO level was normal (52.9%) or reduced (42.9%), and there was no correlation to their hematocrits. However, there was an increment in EPO concentration correlated to their severity of anemia in the most patients with hematological disorders, such as iron deficiency anemia (correlation coefficient r = -0.74), aplastic anemia (r = -0.89), leukemia (r = -0.81), and MDS (r = -0.65). On the other hand, EPO concentration in sera from all the untreated patients with polycythemia vera were significantly low level. But the concentrations of EPO from the patients successfully treated, with normal hematocrit were recovered to normal level. In the patients with secondary polycythemia, there were much varieties in EPO level. Assay of EPO in blood is important not only for diagnosis of polycythemia but also for the analysis of anemia and clinical use of EPO in vivo. The method described here is accurate and technically not complicated, and could be widely induced in most laboratories.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Assay of erythropoietin in serum with short term enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method--the clinical significance: Part 2--:Relation to serum iron, UIBC and ferritin in renal failure and hematological disorders].

With a newly developed short term enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit (TOYOBO Co.), in which 2 kinds of anti-EPO monoclonal antibodies were used, we assayed EPO concentration in sera from patients with renal failure and hematological disorders. In this report, the EPO data were analysed in relation to serum iron concentrations, with ferritin and UIBC. In the patients with renal failure, there was no significant correlation between EPO concentration and serum iron, ferritin, nor UIBC concentration. On the other hand, in the patients with hematological disorders, there were two types. One was in patients with iron deficiency anemia, whose serum EPO was negatively correlated to serum iron (r = -0.64) and ferritin (r = -0.59), but positively related to UIBC (r = 0.27). The another was the pattern in patients with aplastic anemia, leukemia and MDS, whose serum EPO positively correlated to iron and ferritin but negatively correlated to UIBC. In the patients with aplastic anemia serum EPO had good correlation to serum iron (r = 0.62), ferritin (r = 0.60) and UIBC (r = -0.46). The relationship of EPO to iron in the patients with leukemia (r = 0.54), and EPO to ferritin in the patients with MDS (r = 0.42) show significantly positive correlation coefficient.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay↗
PubMed1993

[Changes in respiration and hemodynamics during open heart surgery without blood transfusion].

The changes in respiration and hemodynamics during open heart surgery were studied in 25 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting without blood transfusion. The respiratory and circulatory parameters were measured at the time of anesthetic induction and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The values after CPB were compared with those at the time of anesthetic induction. The values of HR, CI, SVI and mPAP increased, and the values of mAP, SVRI and PVRI decreased after CPB. The PaO2, BE and pH decreased but PaCO2, A-aDO2 and QS/QT increased after CPB. Although VO2I and DO2I increased after CPB, OER (VO2I/DO2I) was unchanged. Arterial lactate, pyruvate and cortisol levels increased after weaning from CPB. Hemodynamics during open heart surgery without blood transfusion showed hyperdynamic state after CPB. Hypoxia was not evident in the peripheral tissue. This suggests that the depression of the oxygen delivery with hemodilution is compensated by hyperdynamic circulation. Coronary artery bypass grafting without blood transfusion seems to offer no clinical problems.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1993

[Evaluation of skin temperature of patients under spinal anesthesia during cesarean section].

Temperature changes of the first finger and toe were evaluated in patients under spinal anesthesia. One hundred and thirty female patients who were to undergo cesarean section were selected for this study. During spinal anesthesia the changes in skin temperature were classified in three patterns. The first pattern showed a rise of the first finger and toe temperature just after intrathecal injection of 0.3% dibucaine (hand and foot type, n = 77). The second pattern showed only a rise of the first toe temperature (foot type, n = 55), and the third pattern showed no change in the first finger and toe temperature (unchanged type, n = 3). The results of cold description tests were T5 +/- 2 (mean +/- SD) in hand and foot type, T8 +/- 2 in foot type and L1 +/- 6 in unchanged type. The skin temperature pattern was affected by the position of the patient. When the patients were placed in a head down position, 38 cases of foot type showed a rise of the first finger temperature, and 1 case of unchanged type showed a rise of the first finger and toe temperature. In these cases the operative procedure was done under spinal anesthesia. The remaining 4 cases of foot type and 2 cases of unchanged type needed another anesthetic method. In cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, skin temperature pattern of hand and foot type seems desirable. Simultaneous monitoring of hand and foot (first fingertip temperature) seems to be useful to evaluate the height of spinal anesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Comparison of sevoflurane and halothane in pediatric anesthesia].

In the present study we compared sevoflurane (group S) and halothane (group F) as used in pediatric endotracheal anesthesia. The subjects consisted of 100 pediatric patients, each 50 in group S and F, most of whom underwent otorhinolaryngological surgery. Anesthesia was induced with nitrous oxide-oxygen-sevoflurane (GOS) (S 3-5%) or nitrous oxide-oxygen-halothane (GOF) (F 1.5-2.5%), and maintained with GOS (S 2-3%) or GOF (F 1.0-1.5%). In comparing the groups with respect to anesthetic induction, group S required 2.1 min for the loss of consciousness, 6.1 min for ocular fixation and 9.7 min for completion of intubation, while in group F the time intervals for the above items were 2.4, 4.9 and 10.2 min, respectively. No significant differences were found between the two groups except in the loss of consciousness and ocular fixation. Comparison of the groups during maintenance of anesthesia revealed no significant differences, although pulse rate and diastolic blood pressure increased in both groups. When the groups were compared for awakening from anesthesia, group S required 10.1 min for awakening and 11.9 min for extubation, while in group F the time was 13.0 min and 15.4 min, respectively. These values were significantly different. The present study demonstrated that sevoflurane anesthesia is rapid in both induction and awakening as compared with halothane anesthesia, and that GOS inhalation anesthesia with single use of sevoflurane can be usefully applied to pediatric endotracheal anesthesia.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1993

[Relation between fingertip temperature pattern and epidural puncture site during epidural anesthesia combined with general anesthesia].

We are employing fingertip temperature monitoring to estimate the spread of epidural anesthesia in patients who received combined epidural and general anesthesia. In this study we examined the relation between fingertip temperature pattern and epidural puncture site. One hundred patients scheduled for elective digestive tract surgery were studied. They were divided into three groups according to the epidural puncture sites as follow; Group 1, T7-9 (n = 26); group 2, T9-12 (n = 48); and group 3, T12-L5 (n = 26). Fingertip temperature was determined by Anritsu thermocouples. These probes were attached to the thumb and the big toe (hand and foot fingertip). The changes of these temperatures were classified to four types. In type 1, the hand fingertip temperatures were elevated after administration of the local anesthetics. In type 2, both hand and foot fingertip temperatures were elevated. In type 3, the foot fingertip temperature was elevated. In type 4, the hand and foot fingertip temperatures were unchanged. In group 1, we found 10 cases of type 1, 13 cases of type 2 and 3 cases of type 3. In group 2; 15, 22, 11 cases respectively. In group 3; 1, 16 cases respectively and 1 case in type 4. In group 1 and 2, the type 1 temperature pattern was observed more than in group 3 (P < 0.01). And in group 3, the type 3 temperature pattern was observed more than in group 1 and 2 (P < 0.01). We found no intergroup difference in type 2 pattern. But there were some exceptions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1993

[The circulatory and respiratory effects of methylprednisolone associated with catecholamine administration of a few hours].

We studied the circulatory and respiratory effects of methylprednisolone (MPS) associated with catecholamine administration of a few hours after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Forty patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting were randomly divided into two groups. Twenty patients in group 1 [MPS (-) group] did not receive MPS and 20 patients in group 2 [MPS (+) group] received MPS 15 mg.kg-1 i.v. 60 minutes after CPB. The circulatory and respiratory parameters were measured 60 minutes after CPB, 30 minutes after MPS i.v. and 60 minutes after MPS i.v. The values in MPS (-) group were compared with those in MPS (+) group. CI and SVI decreased, and SVRI and PQR increased in MPS (-) group, but these values were unchanged in MPS (+) group. RAP, mPAP, PCWP and PVRI were unchanged in MPS (-) group. PCWP increased and the other values were unchanged in MPS (+) group. The blood gases and pulmonary alveolar function were not different between the two groups. The oxygen delivery decreased in MPS (-) group, but it was unchanged in MPS (+) group. The oxygen consumption was unchanged in the two groups. Blood cortisol increased and epinephrine and norepinephrine decreased in MPS (+) group. Methylprednisolone had an effect to improve the decreased CI and the increased SVRI, and no respiratory problems were observed in patients for coronary artery bypass grafting with catecholamine administration for a few hours after cardiopulmonary bypass.

Blood Circulation↗