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Biomedical subjects

Y Oguchi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Oguchi.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Visual evoked potential in the management of pituitary tumor during pregnancy.

We examined a pregnant woman with chiasmal syndrome in the late stage of pregnancy. Her vision was determined to be seriously threatened after 31 weeks' gestation. Study of the latency of preoperative visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in other patients with pituitary tumor showed that insofar as latency is not delayed, surgical decompression is expected to be followed by functional improvement of the optic pathway. We monitored optic nerve function by serially recorded VEPs, and labor was induced at 38 weeks because there had been no delayed response up to that time. After a decompressive operation, visual field and visual acuity recovered normally. Serially recorded VEPs can provide a useful monitor along with visual field and acuity tests in guiding therapy for a patient with threatened vision in late pregnancy and in determining whether or when to induce labor.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1987

Effect of the organophosphate iso-OMPA on amylase release by pancreatic lobules of dog, guinea pig, and cat.

Organophosphates (OPs) cause irreversible inhibition of cholinesterases (ChEs) and profound cholinergic stimulation. There are major differences in the response of the dog and cat pancreas to the in vivo administration of Diazinon (O,O-diethyl O-2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidyl phosphothioate), a butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitor. Acute edematous pancreatitis is found in the dog but not in the cat. The present experiments were designed to see what effect OP had in vitro on pancreatic exocrine function of dog, cat, and guinea pig, and whether the effects were consistent with an anti-ChE activity. A water-soluble OP agent, tetraisopropyl pyrophosphoramide (iso-OMPA) at 10(-3) M, which like Diazinon inhibits BuChE, was used. Minced pieces of fresh whole pancreata 3 mm in size were taken from 3 dogs, 4 guinea pigs, and 2 cats. The tissues were placed in flasks containing Eagle's solution and gassed with 100% O2. Cumulative amylase release was measured by Phadebas method up to 3 h. At half-maximal acetylcholine (ACH) concentration (10(-5) M), the canine pancreas pretreated with iso-OMPA (10(-3) M) showed a 42-87% greater release of amylase than tissues receiving ACH alone (p less than 0.001). The same potentiated response to ACH was seen in guinea pig pancreas pretreated with iso-OMPA (p less than 0.001), but iso-OMPA pretreatment did not augment the ACH response in the cat. Atropine pretreatment effectively blocked all ACH responses, and there was no effect seen with iso-OMPA alone. In the dog, iso-OMPA in combination with half-maximal carbachol (10(-6) M), or in combination with half-maximal cholecystokinin (CCK-8) stimulation (10(-9) M), provided no potentiated amylase release.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1987

[Siblings of familial adenomatosis coli with gastric cancer--case report].

Adenomatosis coli is recently regarded as a systemic disease with a predisposition to multiple tumor formation. We report siblings of familial adenomatosis coli with gastric cancers. Case 1 was a 58 year-old elder brother. His diagnosis was familial adenomatosis coli accompanied with colon cancer and simultaneous early gastric cancer. Total colectomy and partial gastrectomy were carried out on Mar. 13, 1984 at our hospital. Numerous polyps over the whole colon and an ulcerative tumor in the hepatic flexure were found in the resected colon. Histologically tubular adenocarcinoma were demonstrated in the ulcerative tumor, and all other polyps were adenomas. In the resected gastric specimen, there were two shallow, depressed lesions on the each anterior and posterior wall of the antrum. Histologically both of them were adenocarcinoma confined within the mucosa. Postoperative course was satisfactory and he is quite healthy 2 and a half years after surgery. Case 2 was a 56 year-old younger brother. He received a partial gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer at another hospital on May 20, 1982. In one and a half year from the surgery, a large lung tumor (probably metastasis of the gastric cancer) was found and he received chemotherapy. He also received radiation therapy in June, 1984 and during this admission barium enema study was performed. It revealed numerous polyps over the whole colon. No cancerous lesions were found. He died of lung tumor on Dec. 8, 1985. The similar siblings were first reported by Kokaji et al. in 1984, and our cases seem to be the second ones.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Restoration of immune responsiveness by a biological response modifier, PSK, in aged mice bearing syngeneic transplantable tumor.

PSK (Krestin) is a protein-bound polysaccharide isolated from cultured mycelia of Coriolus versicolor in basidiomycetes. PSK is a biological response modifier which possesses unique characteristics. We investigated the effects of PSK on the immune response of aged C57BL/6 mice bearing a syngeneic transplantable tumor adenocarcinoma 755. (a) In C57BL/6 mice, the delayed foot pad reaction against sheep erythrocytes and resistance to syngeneic tumor challenge reached a peak when the mice were at 30 weeks of age, and decreased at 50-60 weeks of age. The serum of normal mice exerts a modifying effect on blastogenesis of lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin. The positive effect reached a peak at 30 weeks of age, and thereafter declined with age. (b) When adenocarcinoma 755 was inoculated to C57BL/6 mice at 10-, 30- and 60-weeks of age, immune responses were depressed in 10-week-old and 60-week-old mice. PSK prevented such depression. However, in 30-week-old mice, tumor-induced suppression was slight, and administration of PSK to them increased proportion of mice which did not develop a tumor. (c) In 60-week-old tumor-bearing mice, the antitumor effects was increased with a combination of PSK and adoptive transfer of spleen cells from 10-week-old normal mice. The immune responses of mice, which change with the progress of age, are depressed by tumor burden. The administration of PSK to aged mice is effective to restore immune responses from tumor-induced suppression.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Involution of the thymus in tumor-bearing mice and its restoration by PSK. II. Mechanism of the involution and its restoration.

In C3H/He mice, the weight and cell number of the thymus were reduced and the size distribution (scatter profile measured by flow cytometer) of the thymus cells was changed 1 week after subcutaneous inoculation of X5563 plasmacytoma. This involution and change were prevented by intraperitoneal or oral administration of PSK. We examined the mechanism of this involution and change in thymus and the effect of PSK on them. In X5563-bearing C3H/He mice, 3H-thymidine incorporation into the thymus was reduced compared with that in control mice, as evaluated not only per organ but also per 1 mg of thymus tissue. Such reduction was inhibited by PSK. The substance (IS substance) which possessed a suppressive activity against mitogen induced lymphocyte proliferation, was partially purified from the ascites of X5563-bearing mice by the combination of ammonium sulfate precipitation and Sephacryl S-200 chromatography. IS substance was demonstrated to suppress the antibody response and delayed type foot-pad response against sheep red blood cells in mice. The reduction of weight and cell number and the change of scatter profile in thymus were caused by injection of this substance even in tumor-free mice. The restorative effects of PSK were observed also in IS substance injected mice. These results suggested that the various changes in the thymus observed in tumor-bearing mice might be attributable to the suppression of cell proliferation in the thymus, that such suppression was caused at least partly by an immunosuppressive substance which possessed inhibitory activity against lymphocyte proliferation, and that PSK had an antagonistic activity against such a substance so as to restore the function of the thymus in tumor-bearing hosts.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Surgical treatment of congenital dilatation of bile duct (choledochal cyst) with technical considerations.

Since the concept of an anomalous junction of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system was introduced, there has been rapid progress in the study of the pathophysiology and the surgical treatment of choledochal cyst, or congenital dilatation of the bile duct. Because of its various disadvantages, cystoenterostomy as a routine procedure for treatment of this condition has been superseded by hepaticoenterostomy after removal of the devastated bile ducts with blocking of communication with the pancreatic ducts. This article describes the technical details of the surgical correction of choledochal cyst.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Isolation and physiological action of capillary permeability increasing-enzyme from the venom of Agkistrodon caliginosus.

A purified capillary permeability increasing-enzyme was obtained from Agkistrodon caliginosus venom by modification of our previous purification method. The purified enzyme, which had arginine esterase activity and strong capillary permeability increasing-activity, did not show caseinolytic, clotting or bradykinin-releasing activities. These properties of the enzyme were almost the same as those of the enzyme obtained by the previous purification method. When a mixture of the purified enzyme and bovine plasma or heated bovine plasma was injected into depilated skin on the back of a rabbit, the capillary permeability increasing-activity was much greater than that induced by injection of the enzyme alone. The substance which increases the capillary permeability was extracted from the incubated mixture of bovine plasma and the enzyme with 50-70% ethanol. Its activity was lost on treatment with carboxypeptidase A. From these results, it is supposed that the increase in capillary permeability induced by the enzyme is due to a low molecular weight peptide released from a protein in bovine plasma by the proteolytic action of the enzyme.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Histopathological studies on congenital dilatation of the bile duct--with special reference to the regurgitation of pancreatic juice into the bile duct].

Clinical and experimental studies on congenital dilatation of the bile duct (CDBD) were performed histologically as related to the regurgitation of pancreatic juice into the biliary tract. In all of the 40 patients, resected bile duct showed two characteristic findings such as grandular formation near the epithelial layfer with inflammatory cell infiltration and thickening of the wall occupied with increased collagen fibers. Twenty two of 26 patients (84.6%) who had abdominal pain showed both findings and 11 of 15 cases (73.3%) who had jaundice showed only thickening of the wall (p less than 0.01). Total bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels in serum were higher in latter patients and amylase level in bile was higher in the former (p less than 0.05). Grandular formation was shown in all of the 9 patients of which bile duct dilated cylindrically. A canine model in which total pancreatic juice passed via intact common bile duct was made in 10 mongrel dogs. Common bile duct showed cylindrical dilatation and grandular formation with inflammatory cell infiltration histologically. In conclusion, regurgitation of pancreatic juice into the bile duct was thought to take part in grandular formation with inflammatory cell infiltration shown in CDBD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Involution of the thymus in tumor-bearing mice and its restoration by PSK (2)].

We examined the effect of PSK on involution of the thymus in tumor-bearing mice. The weight and cell number of the thymus decreased and the size distribution (scatter profile) of thymus cells was changed in X5563-bearing C3H/He mice. Also in these mice, 3H-thymidine incorporation into the thymus was reduced compared with that in control mice, as evaluated not only by per organ but also by per 1 mg of thymus tissue. Such an involution was also observed in tumor-free mice injected with immunosuppressive substance, which had been obtained from ascites of X5563-bearing mice and revealed suppressive activity against lymphocyte proliferation. PSK administration prevented such modulation in the thymus of tumor-bearing mice and immunosuppressive substance-injected tumor-free mice. In other words, it is considered that the various changes in the thymus demonstrated in tumor-bearing mice may be attributable to the suppression of cell proliferation in the thymus, that such suppression is caused at least partly by an immunosuppressive substance which possesses inhibitory activity against lymphocyte proliferation, and that PSK has an antagonistic activity against such a substance so as to restore the function of the thymus in tumor-bearing hosts.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Restoration of depressed immune responses by PSK in C3H/He mice bearing the syngeneic X5563 tumor].

PSK is a protein-bound polysaccharide prepared from cultured mycelium of Coriolus versicolor. The effects of PSK on immunologic responsiveness were investigated in C3H/He mice bearing syngeneic X5563 tumor. The results were as follows. elayed foot pad reaction and antibody-forming capacity to sheep erythrocytes were depressed in tumor bearing mice, and such depression was prevented by oral or intraperitoneal administration of PSK. In vitro cytotoxic activity of splenic lymphocytes against the tumor was augmented by PSK administration. Antitumor effect was augmented by combination of PSK and X-irradiation. Delayed foot pad reaction to sheep erythrocytes was suppressed in normal C3H/He mice given immunosuppressive substance obtained from tumor-bearing mice, and the depressed reaction recovered to the normal level following PSK administration. These results show that PSK is effective in the syngeneic murine tumor system.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1986

[Competitive effect of PSK against the immunosuppressive effect induced in the sera of mice bearing syngeneic tumors].

PSK is a protein-bound polysaccharide prepared from cultured mycelium of Coriolus versicolor. The appearance of an immunosuppressive effect in sera of tumor-bearing mice and its elimination by oral administration of PSK were investigated using an in vitro assay of blastoid transformation of normal spleen cells in response to PHA. (1) An inhibitory effect appeared in sera of X5563 plasmacytoma-bearing mice, while a facilitating effect was noted in sera of MH134 hepatoma- and MM 102 mammary tumor-bearing mice. (2) The presence of both an inhibitory and a facilitating factor was shown by Sephacryl gel fractionation. (3) Oral administration of PSK resulted in the elimination of the inhibitory effect from sera of X5563-bearing mice. The facilitating effect of sera from MH134-bearing mice was augmented by PSK administration, but that in sera from MM102-bearing mice was not influenced by such treatment. The summarized effects of these factors may be expressed as various types of effects in serum and PSK may be effective in the elimination of a suppressive factor from such sera.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1986

[Restoration of immunologic responsiveness by PSK in tumor-bearing animals].

PSK is a protein-bound polysaccharide prepared from cultured mycelium of the Basidiomycete Coriolus versicolor. Effects of PSK on the immunologic responsiveness in tumor-bearing animals were investigated using syngeneic or allogeneic tumors in mice (Lewis lung carcinoma, B16 melanoma, Meth A fibrosarcoma, adenocarcinoma 755, X5563 plasmacytoma, colon 26, MOPC 31C myeloma, sarcoma 180 and Ehrlich carcinoma), rats (BC47 bladder carcinoma, Walker 256 sarcoma and AH7974 hepatoma), hamsters (HA-1T tumor and RPMI 1846 melanoma), guinea pigs (line-10 hepatoma) and rabbit (VX2 and VX7 tumor). Oral or intraperitoneal administration of PSK restored the depressed delayed hypersensitivity against sheep erythrocytes to a normal level in these tumor-host systems. Also, oral administration of PSK lowered the activity of immunosuppressive substances in the serum of tumor-bearing animals. These results suggest that PSK exhibits antitumor effects by restoring the depressed immunologic responsiveness in tumor-bearing animals.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1985

Clinical study of the pattern electroretinogram in patients with optic nerve damage.

We have recorded both pattern and flash electroretinograms (ERG) in two patients with unilateral optic nerve damage due to optic canal fracture over one year. The pattern ERG from the affected eye was reduced in amplitude by approximately 40% in one patient, 60% in the other, compared with that from their other, normal eyes, while the flash ERG was normal in all eyes. Reduced pattern ERG responses may depend on retrograde degeneration following damage to the optic nerve. The pattern ERG, however, was not totally lost in the eyes with marked optic atrophy. There is a possibility that the pattern ERG contains both contrast and luminance components in various proportions.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed1985

Effect of contrast on fusional visual evoked potential (VEP): a model and experimental results.

A visual evoked potential (VEP) component that appears in the power spectrum only during binocular fusion has recently been discovered. When both eyes are stimulated with the same checkerboard but at different pattern reversal rates, this fusional component appears at a frequency intermediate between the two stimulus frequencies. We have proposed a model to explain the appearance of this intermediate component and have tested the model's predictions that the fusional component will remain constant independent of binocular or monocular changes in stimulus contrast. As predicted by the model, changes in contrast over the range of 10 to 90% produced no significant change in the power of the fusional component.

Evoked Potentials, Visual↗
PubMed1985

[Pharmacokinetic study of cefsulodin in children].

Cefsulodin (CFS), a cephem antibiotic, was administered to 26 children aged from 11 months to 11 years by intravenous injection or intravenous 1-hour drip infusion in doses of 15 and 50 mg/kg body weight to investigate serum and urinary concentrations. The following results were obtained. Serum concentration The serum concentrations of CFS at 5 minutes after intravenous injection of 15 and 50 mg/kg were 57.1 and 224.2 micrograms/ml, respectively. The biological half-lives (T 1/2 beta) were 1.28 and 1.12 hours. The serum concentration of CFS after intravenous 1-hour drip infusion reached a peak at the end of infusion, i.e. 29.9 micrograms/ml for 15 mg/kg and 121.9 micrograms/ml for 50 mg/kg, and T 1/2 beta were 1.22 hours for 15 mg/kg and 1.27 hours for 50 mg/kg. The AUC was proportional to the doses for both intravenous injection and intravenous drip infusion. The serum clearance was about twice the value in adults and the distribution volume was about 1.5 times as large. Urinary excretion The urinary excretion up to 6 hours after administration was: 69.0% for 15 mg/kg and 61.9% for 50 mg/kg in cases of intravenous injection, and 62.4% for 15 mg/kg and 71.1% for 50 mg/kg in cases of intravenous 1-hour drip infusion. The percent urinary excretion was similar to that in adults.

Cefsulodin↗