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Biomedical subjects

Y Oda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Oda.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Antigenic modifications associated with 'spontaneous' malignant alterations of mouse fibroblasts propagated in vitro.

Two types of 'spontaneous' malignant alteration in vitro of ST/a mouse lung fibroblasts (ST-L) have been observed. In contrast to cells which retained their fibroblastic appearance (R- ST-L cells), cells showing morphological signs of transformation (R+ ST-L cells) developed strong isoimmunizing properties. Both types of cells expressed MuLV antigens which were found to be responsible for serum as well as cell-mediated immune reactions in vitro. The higher concentration of gp70 in R+ ST-L cells as compared to R- cells and possibly also the morphological differences in surface structure between the two cell types may account for the differences in immunogenicity. Preimmunization with R+ ST-L cells protected ST/a mice against secondary challenge with two ascites tumors (STABAL leukemia and Ehrlich). R- ST-L cells did not have a similar protective effect. However, the two ascites tumors only showed weak or no cross-reactions in vitro with sera and lymphoid cells from ST/a mice sensitized to R+ ST-L cells, and the in vitro reaction between the latter cells and sera or lymphoid cells from mice immunized against the two ascites tumors was moderate. This discrepancy between in vivo and in vitro observations is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical effects of ceftizoxime and latamoxef on infections in acute leukemia].

Ceftizoxime (CZX) and latamoxef (LMOX), new synthetic cephems, are stable against various types of beta-lactamase and highly active against Gram-negative rods, such as H. influenzae, Serratia, Enterobacter and indole (+) Proteus. In this study, we evaluated clinical effects of CZX and LMOX in the clinical management of infections in acute leukemia. Sixteen episodes of infections were treated with CZX or LMOX. Four causative organisms, P. aeruginosa, S. faecalis, K. pneumoniae and A. faecalis, were identified in 2 episodes of infections. Clinical effects were recognized at 75% in 8 episodes treated with CZX and at 71% in 7 episodes treated with LMOX, respectively. The transient evaluation of GOT, GPT and Al-P, recognized in several cases. In conclusion, the clinical effects of CZX and LMOX are promised in clinical management of infections in acute leukemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical effects of human lymphoblastoid interferon in patients with hematologic neoplasms].

Sixteen patients with hematologic neoplasms were treated with Human Lymphoblastoid Interferon (HL-BI) derived from Namalwa cell line. They were 6 multiple myeloma, 8 acute leukemia and 2 malignant lymphoma patients. All patients were previously treated with anticancer agents except one case with multiple myeloma. HLBI, 3.0 X 10(6) IU/day, was daily administered by intramuscular injection at least for 4 weeks. Three of 6 multiple myeloma responded to HLBI with a decrease of more than 25% in serum myeloma protein level. A case with pleural effusion due to massive infiltration of myeloma cells treated with intrathoratic administration of HLBI, in whom complete disappearance of pleural effusion was recognized. On the other hand, no patients with acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma responded except one case with acute lymphocytic leukemia, in which bone marrow lymphoblasts decreased transiently. Fever episodes, 13 of 16 cases, were more frequently seen but were manageable. Transient leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were also observed in 4 and 7 of 8 cases, respectively. No anaphylactoid reaction was seen. Thus, HLBI was expected useful in the clinical management of multiple myeloma.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Arteriovenous malformations of the choroid plexus--a case report].

The authors described a case of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the choroid plexus, and presented a review of literature. This 40-year-old male experienced a sudden onset of severe headache and vomiting on February 5th 1982. At the other hospital, CT scans revealed marked intraventricular hemorrhage, however his general condition was relatively good without a loss of consciousness, motor weakness and sensory disturbance. After about a month of conservative treatment, he was transferred to the Kochi Medical School Hospital. On admission, he had shown no neurological deficit except for slight occipital headache. Transfemoral cerebral angiography revealed an angioma of the choroid plexus, which was fed by the anterior and medial posterior choroidal arteries and drained into the internal cerebral vein. CT scans showed a small high density area due to the nidus of angioma at the interspace of bilateral frontal horns of the lateral ventricles. On March 25th 1982, using an anterior transcallosal approach, the angioma was totally removed. The histological diagnosis was AVM. The post-operative course was uneventful and the patient discharged without adding neurological deficit on April 12th 1982. Review of literature revealed 27 documented cases of angioma of the choroid plexus; 12 cases of AVM, 5 of cavernous angioma, 2 of telangiectasia, 1 of venous angioma and the other 7 of undefined description. Almost all cases were initiated with an episode of variable intracranial hemorrhage, particularly of intraventricular hemorrhage. Clinical course of them, however, were variable. On the contrast to male prevalence of AVM located in the other sites, the ratio of female to male was 2:1.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Topical application of papaverine for cerebral vasospasm using prolonged release pellet--experimental studies].

Possibility of prolonged-release pellets of papaverine in the treatment of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage was investigated. Papaverine hydrochloride was enclosed in silicone tubes or mixed with silicone elastomers and polymerized. The release rate of papaverine from the silicone tubes and elastomers into a saline solution was measured for 5 weeks at 37 degrees C and at room temperature. Although the volume of released papaverine was extremely large in the first two days, a constant release rate was maintained until the 35th day in vitro for both types of pellets. The daily amount of released papaverine was 1.5 to 3.0 x 10(-2)/day, and 1 to 4 x 10(-6)/day of original volume from silicone elastomers and tubes, respectively, at 37 degrees C. The release rate at 37 degrees C was 10 times as high as at room temperature. When the silicone elastomers were applied, the rate was well correlated with the surface area of the pellets, and was measured as 2.5 to 5.0 x 10(-5)/day/mm2 of the original volume. It means that when a pellet of 4 mm in diameter x 45 mm in length (a surface area of 600 mm2) is applied, 61.7% of the papaverine is released from the pellet during the first 2 weeks. Neither adverse reaction or intracranial histological abnormality was noted in vivo during the 40-day observation period using a dog, in which two pellets containing 275 mg and 297 mg of papaverine were subcutaneously implanted, and a pellet containing 275 mg of papaverine intracranially.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Graded nephron mass reduction and renal synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the rat.

The effect of graded nephron mass reduction by partial nephrectomy and the influence of parathyroid hormone and dietary phosphorus (P) on the production of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] were studied in vitamin D deficient rats. At 48 hours (acute experiments) or 2 weeks (chronic experiment) after partial nephrectomy, the rates of [3H]1,25(OH)2D production from [3H]25 hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) were measured in vivo. The production of 1,25(OH)2D decreased in proportion to the remaining nephron mass, and it was not greater in chronic experiments than in acute experiments at any level of nephron mass reduction. By contrast, plasma creatinine was elevated in 5 of 6 nephrectomized rats in acute, but not in chronic, experiments, suggesting the compensatory mechanism for renal excretory function but not for 1,25(OH)2D production. Further, at any level of nephron mass reduction, the production of this active metabolite was not greater in rats fed low P diet than those fed normal or high P diets. Thyroparathyroidectomy at 12 hours prior to a dose of [3H]-25)OHD suppressed 1,25(OH)2D production at any level of nephron mass reduction in rats fed normal or high P diet. These data suggest that in both experimental acute and chronic renal failure 1,25(OH)2D production is proportional to residual nephron mass and that parathyroid hormone may enhance the metabolism of 25OHD in renal failure and also may be critical for 1,25(OH)2D in normal or high P diet.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

New treatment of cerebral vasospasm with Fluosol-DA 20%: protective effect on cerebral ischemia and change of cerebral blood flow (CBF).

It was found that Fluosol-DA 20% relieves human acute cerebral ischemia resulting from vasospasm in 62% of the cases. However, several problems were encountered during the investigation. The efficacy of the solution was temporary, that is, within 24 hours. This is considered logical because perfluorochemical particles are eliminated fairly rapidly from the circulating blood. Successive administrations should be necessary until cerebral vasospasm is remitted. Another problem is that it is not clear whether the doses of the solution given in this study (10 ml/kg/day) are sufficient or not, since the depth of the cerebral ischemia is considered to vary depending on the case. It might be necessary to change the volume of the solution given in accordance with the depth of the ischemia of each patient.

Blood Substitutes↗
PubMed1982

Effects of neurotransmitter candidates on 45Ca uptake by cortical slices of rat brain: stimulatory effect of L-glutamic acid.

The effects of neurotransmitter candidates and the characteristics of the stimulatory effect of L-glutamic acid (L-Glu) on 45Ca uptake by rat brain slices were investigated. 45Ca uptake was significantly stimulated by acetylcholine, serotonin and especially L-Glu, but not by other neurotransmitter candidates. L-Glu caused dose-dependent stimulation of 45Ca uptake (L-Glu-stimulated 45Ca uptake), its effect being half-maximal at 1 microM. The related compounds D-glutamic acid, D,L-alpha-aminoadipic acid and N-methyl-D,L-glutamic acid (final conc. of 10 microM) also stimulated 45Ca uptake, but less than 10 microM L-Glu. D,L-alpha-Methylglutamic acid and L-glutamic acid diethylether (final conc. of 10 microM), which are specific inhibitors of L-Glu, inhibited L-Glu-stimulated 45Ca uptake. Mg,Ca-ATPase activity was hardly affected by a concentration of 10 microM L-Glu that caused maximal stimulation of 45Ca uptake. These findings suggest that L-Glu-stimulated 45Ca uptake by brain cortical slices is linked to L-Glu receptor.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1982

Formation of functional synapses in the adult cat red nucleus from the cerebrum following cross-innervating of forelimb flexor and extensor nerves. I. Appearance of new synaptic potentials.

We investigated the effects of cross-innervating the peripheral forelimb flexor and extensor nerves of adult cats on the time course of corticorubral EPSPs. Red nucleus neurons were identified by antidromic invasion from C1 or L1 spinal segments as innervating the upper spinal segments (C-cells) or sending axons to the lumbosacral cord (L-cells). In C-cells, a fast-rising component, superimposed on the slow-rising corticorubral EPSPs induced by the cerebral sensorimotor cortex or the cerebral peduncle (CP) stimulation, was noted. The mean time-to-peak of this component in cross-innervated cats operated more than two months earlier was 1.9 +/- 0.9 ms (n = 160), shorter than in normal cats (3.6 +/- 1.4 ms, n = 100). The same value in cats cross-innervated less than two months before was 2.7 +/- 1.0 ms (n = 53). The mean time-to-peak of CP-EPSPs from L-cells was 2.9 +/- 0.9 ms (n = 115). The fast-rising component had a latency of 0.96 +/- 0.19 ms (n = 122), and it was mediated by fibers with conduction velocities of less than 20 m/s. The projective area of the fast-rising component is organized somatotopically. Since it is more sensitive to membrane hyperpolarization than slow rising corticorubral EPSPs, it is mediated by synapses located more proximally than the corticorubral synapses of normal cats. The time course of facilitation by preceding cerebral peduncle stimulation of the nucleus interpositus (IP)-induced RN population responses was measured. It was characterized by a rapid, followed by a slower, rise time in the RN region where C-cells are concentrated. In contrast, the L-cell region was characterized by a slow rise time. In cats subjected to self-union of the peripheral flexor and extensor nerves, the majority of C-cells had CP-EPSPs with a time-to-peak within the normal range. Our results suggest that after cross-innervation sprouting and formation of functional synapses occur on the proximal portion of the soma-dendritic membrane of red nucleus neurons.

Animals↗