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Biomedical subjects

Y Oda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Oda.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Clinical application of a sustained release anticancer pellet].

During a 6.5-year period from March 1978, 136 patients with brain tumors, which were diagnosed as gliomas or metastatic brain tumors during surgical operation, were treated by the application of sustained release anticancer pellets in seven institutes. Histological diagnosis disclosed that the majority of the tumors were malignant gliomas (61 cases), metastatic brain tumors (35 cases), and benign astrocytoma (17 cases). The anticancer agents (250 mg of 5FU, 1.5 mg of MMC, 250 mg of BUdR and 6,000 iu of urokinase) were sealed in a Silastic silicone tube of 6 mm in diameter, 0.25 mm in wall thickness, and 12 mm in length. The daily delivery of the drugs was (2-3)/10,000 of the original volume. This treatment was combined with surgical and irradiation therapy with or without general chemotherapy. The median survival time of patients with malignant gliomas was 545 days (18 months). The 1-year survival rate was 65.63%, and the 3-year survival rate 16.2%. On the other hand, in patients with benign astrocytomas, the median survival time was 1,500 days (4.1 years), 1-year survival rate 83.75%, and 3-year survival rate 42.84%. In those with metastatic brain tumors, the median survival time was 280 days, 1-year survival rate 43.87%, and 3-year survival rate 24.84%. The present findings revealed that the tube-type anticancer pellets cannot inhibit the growth of the brain tumors located 5 cm from the pellets.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1984

Monoclonal antibodies against beta-galactoside-binding lectin of chick embryo recognizes conformational change of the antigen.

Monoclonal antibodies against chick embryonic beta-galactoside-binding lectin were obtained. One of the monoclonal antibodies was ineffective in Western blotting and seemed to be unable to bind the SDS-denatured lectin. When the native lectin was dotted on a nitrocellulose filter and subjected to denaturation by treatment with SDS, urea or heat, binding of this antibody no longer occurred, though other monoclonal antibodies bound normally. This antibody seems to have been raised against an epitope which is destroyed upon denaturation.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Photochemical cross-linking of beta-galactoside-binding lectin to polylactosamino-proteoglycan of chick embryonic skin.

beta-Galactoside-binding lectin from chick embryonic skin was coupled with a new photoactivatable, radioactive cross-linking reagent, [35S]N-succinimidyl-3 [(2-nitro-4-azidophenyl)-2-aminoethyldithio] propionate, and was allowed to interact with an insoluble preparation from skin. After UV irradiation, the lectin was specifically cross-linked to a high-molecular-weight substance, which was degraded by endo-beta-galactosidase and pronase. This suggests that the endogenous receptor is polylactosamino-proteoglycan. The interaction between the lectin and polylactosaminoglycan has implications for the role of the lectin in embryonic differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Ultrastructure of the mouse leptomeninx.

An electron microscopic study was made of the mouse leptomeninx with special attention to the ultrastructure of the subarachnoid space. The arachnoid membrane was divided into outer and inner layers. The outer layer was composed of elongated cells in contact with one another with numerous tight junctions. The cells in the inner layer had intricate cytoprocesses , some of which embraced the connective tissue matrix containing collagen fibers. Beneath the arachnoid membrane, there were a loose meshwork of arachnoid cells and a single layer of pial cells. No arachnoid trabeculae were found. The intercellular space of the leptomeninx except in the outer layer of the arachnoid membrane was filled with Ruthenium Red-positive flocculent material and particles, in which various amounts of the collagen fibers and microfibrils were embedded. Elastic fibers were not identified. The subarachnoid space, which is believed to be a specialized channel exclusively containing the cerebrospinal fluid, was not recognized. These observations indicate that the cerebrospinal fluid circulates through the broad intercellular space, which contains extracellular matrix, of the leptomeninx .

Animals↗
PubMed1984

New preoperative chemotherapy for bladder cancer using combination hemodialysis and direct hemoperfusion: preliminary report.

Preoperative chemotherapy and subsequent cystectomy were performed on 11 patients with locally invasive bladder cancer. Three chemotherapy regimens were tested: 1) 2 to 3 mg. per kg. doxorubicin in 5 patients, 2) 1 mg. per kg. mitomycin C in 3 and 3) 0.6 mg. per kg. mitomycin C with 70 mg. systemic bleomycin in 3. Doxorubicin and mitomycin C were infused once preoperatively into the hypogastric arteries or the aortic bifurcation, with simultaneous hemodialysis and direct hemoperfusion to remove as much extra-regional infusate as possible and, thus, reduce the systemic toxicity of the drug. Objective responses were obtained in 4 of 7 patients with measurable tumor (57 per cent). Downstaging was obtained in 7 of 11 patients (64 per cent). All patients given doxorubicin had leukocytopenia (500 to 1,900 per mm.3) and moderate patchy alopecia, and 1 patient given mitomycin C and bleomycin had thrombocytopenia (44,000 per mm.3). However, these side effects were observed comparatively less in the patients given mitomycin C only.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Central pontine myelinolysis with extrapontine lesions.

An autopsy case of central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) was reported. The patient, a 48-year-old man, with a long history of alcoholic intake appeared in a hospital with the diagnosis of alcoholic hepatitis and the neurologic symptoms of delirium tremens. During the hospital course he fell into "locked in" with concomitant development of marked hyponatremia (92 mEq/1). An autopsy revealed typical CPM and the extra-pontine myelinolytic lesions distributed symmetrically in the thalami, subthalamic nuclei, and lateral geniculate bodies. Spongiosis was also found in the deep layer of the cerebral cortex and in the putamen. It was suggested that CPM occur in close association with marked hyponatremia and the extrapontine involvement be likely to manifest in the deep layer of the cerebral cortex, putamen, thalamus, and lateral geniculate body, where the myelin cylinders form an interlacing network embedding large neurons and oligodendrocytes.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1984

Purification and characterization of a fish lectin from the external mucus of ophidiidae, Genypterus blacodes.

A lectin was isolated from the external mucus of fish, Genypterus blacodes. This is the first lectin isolated from fish. The molecular weight of the lectin, determined by gel filtration, was approximately 32 000, whereas 8 000 was indicated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol. Amino acid analysis demonstrated that the lectin contained large amounts (near 30% of the residues) of lysine, but no tryptophan. The lectin agglutinated mouse, rabbit and human erythrocytes at a concentration of 15.6 micrograms/ml. An inhibition test revealed that the lectin was strongly inhibited by N-acetyl-glucosamine, mucin and orosomucoid. Binding studies performed with iodinated asialo-orosomucoid indicated that the lectin contained a high affinity binding site with a dissociation constant of 1.1 X 10(-8) M. The lectin required the presence of calcium ion for both its hemagglutination and binding activity.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

Mitogenic activity and in vitro fertilization inhibitory activity of Genypterus blacodes lectin.

A lectin which we purified from the mucous of Ophidiidae Genypterus blacodes showed a potent mitogenic activity which was comparable to that of concanavalin A (con A). On the other hand, the lectin treated with 2-mercaptoethanol showed an anti-mitogenic activity against con A and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Lymphocytes were separated into a T cell rich fraction and B cell rich fraction by soybean agglutinin. The mitogenic activity of G. blacodes lectin was examined using these cells. It was suggested that the mitogenic activity of G. blacodes lectin was based on the stimulation of T cells. The lectin was also subjected to both the sperm agglutination and the in vitro fertilization tests in mouse. It was demonstrated that: a) the lectin receptors were ubiquitous on sperm; b) in vitro fertilization of mouse ova was completely blocked by the binding of the lectin to the zona pellucida of the ova.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Interaction between human lymphoblastoid interferon and chemotherapeutic agents in vitro.

The combined effect of human lymphoblastoid interferon (HLBI) and anticancer agents on the growth of MOLT-4 was studied in vitro. The interferon showed a strikingly synergistic interaction in combination with aclarubicin, cytosine arabinoside or prednisolone. It was moderately synergistic in combination with adriamycin or 5-fluorouracil and tended to show additive effects with daunorubicin or vincristine. In vitro studies of combination chemotherapy with interferon and anticancer agents should yield valuable information as to the best combination for man.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1984

Intramural müllerian adenosarcoma of the uterus with adenomyosis.

We studied a case of intramural müllerian adenosarcoma of the uterus in a 51-year-old woman. The tumor measured 4 cm in diameter, was located in the lateral wall of the uterine body, and was accompanied by adenomyosis. The tumor was composed of glands with no epithelial cell atypia and a sarcomatous component evidenced by cell pleomorphism and a high mitotic count. The ratios of mitotic cells to glandular cells in the tumor, in the overlying endometrium in proliferative phase, and in the adenomyomatous tissue, were 5:10,000, 20:10,000, and less than 1:10,000, respectively. These observations seem to indicate that the glandular component of the tumor is a benign, neoplastic part, and the present tumor developed in a preexisting endometriotic focus.

Endometriosis↗
PubMed1984

[Primary intracranial endodermal sinus tumor with a skull base extension--a case report].

The authors described a case of primary intracranial endodermal sinus tumor (EST), and presented a review of 24 reported cases. From the middle of December 1981, this 15-year-old boy experienced progressive diplopia. At the other hospital, partial removal of the intrasellar tumor was performed by a left frontotemporal craniotomy approximately 2 months after the onset of symptoms. The histological diagnosis was suspected to be a pituitary adenoma, and thereafter, 60Co irradiation was carried out for about a month. On June 5th. 1982, the patient was admitted to the Kochi Medical School Hospital, because of increasing headache with diplopia, hoarseness, dysphagia and limitation of tongue movement. On admission, he had a small stature for his age with moderate diabetes insipidus. Neurological examination showed left abducens, glossopharyngeal and vagal nerve palsies in addition to bitemporal hemianopsia. CT scans revealed a heterogenously enhanced high density mass lesion behind the dorsum sellae with an extension from the upper clivus to the sphenoid sinus. Cerebral angiograms showed posterior displacement of the basilar artery. In the endocrinological examination, panhypopituitarism was recognized with a high level of serum alfa-fetoprotein (AFP). While, serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) were in normal range. On July 1st. 1982, a left suboccipital craniectomy was performed. The tumor existed mainly in the extradural space along the clivus, and only a small intradural portion of the tumor was excited.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Alumina ceramic (Bioceram) as the cranioplastic material--experimental study and application in cranioplasty].

External decompression is an effective treatment for acute intracranial hypertension, but the repair of cranial defect by cranioplasty is necessary sooner or later. Various materials have been used for cranioplasty, such as bone, metallic materials and methyl methacrylate. Alumina ceramic (Bioceram), which is known to be extremely compatible with tissues, has already been used in the operations of not only orthopedic and oral surgery but also neurosurgery such as transsphenoidal surgery and anterior cervical fusion. At first, we implanted pieces of ceramic and small titan shield in the parietal bone of mongrel dogs. In this experimental study, tissue compatibility and osteogenesis are investigated in each case. The new bone formation was observed macroscopically and histologically around the ceramic pieces, but there were no osteogenic changes around the titan shields. Then ceramic plates, which were designed just as patients' own bone flaps, and titan shields were used for cranioplasties after decompression surgery, and compared clinically and histologically. The ceramic plate is superior than the titan shield in its strength, tissue-compatibility and excellent fit for cranial defect compared with the titan shield. There was no tissue reaction such as subgaleal fluid collection just as seen in the application of acryl resin. We believe that Alumina ceramic (Bioceram) is a good material for cranioplasty.

Aluminum↗