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Biomedical subjects

Y O Kim

Publications and source records attributed to Y O Kim.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Transcutaneous reduction and external fixation for the treatment of noncomminuted zygoma fractures.

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the effectiveness of the treatment of noncomminuted monofragment zygoma fractures with closed reduction using transcutaneous threaded pins and an external fixation device instead of open reduction and internal rigid fixation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 46 patients, transcutaneous pin was inserted into the center of the fractured zygoma, and the segment was reduced by moving the pin to counteract the initial vector force of injury. After reduction, the fractured segment was immobilized by the external fixation device for 9 to 14 days. RESULTS: All patients except one showed accurate fracture reduction without malunion or any complications. CONCLUSION: This method has advantages over the conventional closed methods in the management of uncomplicated noncomminuted fractures of the zygoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Clinical course of cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia with and without ganciclovir treatment in CMV-seropositive kidney transplant recipients. Longitudinal follow-up of CMV pp65 antigenemia assay.

This study was designed to evaluate the longitudinal history of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and to test the capacity of ganciclovir as effective therapy in CMV-seropositive renal transplant recipients. The CMV viremia was detected with CMV pp65 antigenemia assay in 153 renal transplants. The recipients were classified as having low-grade and high-grade CMV infections according to the severity of CMV infection. The recipients with low-grade CMV infections were observed without ganciclovir treatment, and the recipients with high-grade CMV infection were randomly assigned to ganciclovir-treated and untreated groups. The clinical course between low-grade and high-grade CMV infections was evaluated. All recipients with low-grade CMV infection (n = 62) showed spontaneous remission regardless of immunosuppresants. In high-grade CMV infection (n = 31), the ciclosporin A treated group (n = 11) showed no evidence of CMV disease, and the methylprednisolone-treated group (n = 8) showed CMV disease in 1 (25%) of 4 ganciclovir-untreated recipients. In the OKT3 group (n = 12), symptomatic CMV infection was observed in 6 (100%) ganciclovir-untreated recipients contrary to no CMV disease in the ganciclovir-treated group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the CMV antigenemia assay is effective in monitoring CMV viremia, and ganciclovir treatment should be done during early CMV viremia in OKT3-treated recipients.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Inhibition of calbindin D28K expression by cyclosporin A in rat kidney: the possible pathogenesis of cyclosporin A-induced hypercalciuria.

A recent study by Steiner et al. (Biochem Pharmacol 51: 253-258, 1996) demonstrated a decreased calbindin D28K expression in the kidneys of cyclosporin A (CsA)-treated rats. To evaluate the association of renal calcium handling with calbindin D28K expression in CsA-treated rats, two separate experiments (vehicle [VH] versus CsA groups, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [VitD] versus VitD + CsA groups) were done simultaneously. CsA (25 mg/kg per d, subcutaneously) and VitD (0.5 microg/kg per d, subcutaneously) were given for 7 d. The CsA group showed decreased serum calcium, increased urine calcium excretion, and decreased calbindin D28K protein level and immunoreactivity compared with the VH group. The VitD + CsA treatment decreased serum calcium, increased urine calcium excretion, and decreased calbindin D28K protein level and immunoreactivity compared with the VitD alone. CsA treatment did not affect the serum parathyroid hormone and VitD levels. This study demonstrates an association of calbindin D28K expression with the urinary calcium excretion in CsA-treated rats, and suggests that decreased calbindin D28K expression may play a role in renal calcium wasting.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Use of cyanoacrylate in facial bone fractures.

It is not uncommon to encounter multiple bone fragments during open reduction of facial bone fractures. When these fragments are few and their size large, there is no problem. However, multiple, small, and thin bone fragments are difficult to handle, making accurate reduction with interfragmentary wires problematic. This is frequently encountered in fractures of the anterior maxillary wall, orbital floor, orbital roof, and frontal sinus. Therefore, many surgeons reconstruct the larger segments and discard the smaller segments. In this study, 10 patients who sustained facial fractures with multiple, small, and thin fragments were treated with tissue adhesive (n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate). Postoperative three-dimensional computed tomography scans demonstrated excellent reconstruction following this technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Relationship between nutritional intake and dental caries experience of junior high students.

This study was designed to investigate the relationship between nutritional intake and caries experience of junior high school students. The sample consisted of 295 boys and 356 girls in Kangwha county. Dependent variables were total caries experience, occlusal surface caries experience, smooth surface caries experience and DMFS score (Decayed, Missing, Filling Tooth Surface score). Independent variables such as pit and fissure retentiveness of first molars, oral hygiene status, intraoral acidogenicity were also measured by dentists. Other independent variables such as toothbrushing habits, socioeconomic conditions, between-meal eating habits, and daily nutritional intake were determined during an interview. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate how nutritional intake influences caries experience. The results were as follows: 1. The most influential factor on dental caries experience was pit and fissure retentiveness. 2. Dietary fiber and potassium were the significant nutritional factors on total caries experience and occlusal caries experience, and niacin was the significant nutritional factor on smooth surface caries. 3. DMFS score was positively associated with the daily amount of carbohydrate and niacin intake, and negatively associated with total energy intake. The above results suggested that pit and fissure retentiveness was the most influential factor on caries experience. However, in this study, the intake of potassium and niacin was identified to influence the caries experience in addition to confirming the well-known relationship between fiber and carbohydrate intake.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Tuberculosis-associated hemophagocytic syndrome in a hemodialysis patient: case report and review of the literature.

We present an unusual hematologic manifestation of tuberculosis in a hemodialysis patient. A 37-year-old man was admitted because of fever, anorexia, and weight loss which developed 3 months earlier. He previously received a renal transplant and commenced hemodialysis 1 year ago. Physical examination revealed hepatomegaly, and peripheral blood counts revealed pancytopenia. The delayed bone marrow biopsy demonstrated marked hemophagocytosis, granuloma and tubercle bacilli by the acid-fast stain. The clinical course was fatal and he died without definite treatment. Through this case, we would like to recommend early bone marrow biopsy and antituberculosis therapy if fever of unknown origin, anorexia, weight loss, hepatomegaly and pancytopenia develop in patients undergoing dialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Purification and characterization of a thermostable alkaline protease from Thermoactinomyces sp. E79 and the DNA sequence of the encoding gene.

A thermophilic Thermoactinomyces sp. E79 producing a highly thermostable alkaline protease was isolated from soil. The protease, produced extracellularly by Thermoactinomyces sp. E79, was purified by DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B and Butyl-Toyopearl 650M column chromatography. The relative molecular mass was estimated to be 31,000 by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Enzyme activity was inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, suggesting the enzyme to be a serine protease. The optimum temperature for the enzyme activity was 85 degrees C, and about 50% of the original activity remained after incubation at 90 degrees C for 10 min in the presence of Ca2+. The optimum pH for the enzyme activity was 11.0 and the enzyme was fairly stable from pH 5.0 to 12.0. The gene for this thermostable alkaline protease was cloned in Escherichia coli and the expressed intracellular enzyme was activated by heat treatment. Sequence analysis showed an open reading frame of 1,152 base pairs, coding for a polypeptide- of 384 amino acids. The polypeptide was composed of a signal sequence (25 amino acids), a prosequence (81 amino acids), and a mature protein of 278 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence of the mature protease had high similarity with thermitase, a serine protease from Thermoactinomyces vulgaris, and the extent of sequence identity was 76%.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Characterization of a cDNA clone for human NAD(+)-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase alpha-subunit and structural comparison with its isoenzymes from different species.

A 0.6 kb cDNA fragment encoding the human NAD(+)-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase alpha-subunit (H-IDH alpha) was amplified by PCR using oligonucleotide primers synthesized on the basis of pig tryptic peptide sequences [Huang and Colman (1990) Biochemistry 29, 8266-8273]. With the amplified cDNA as a probe, cDNA clones for IDH alpha were isolated from a human heart lambda gt11 cDNA library. The deduced protein sequence of the largest cDNA clone (2628 bp) rendered a precursor protein of 366 amino acids (39,591 Da) and a mature protein of 339 amino acids (36,640 Da). The deduced H-IDH alpha protein sequence is highly similar to the partial peptide sequences of the pig enzyme. It is 55, 43 and 44% identical with yeast NAD(+)-specific IDH2, yeast NAD(+)-specific IDH1 and monkey NAD(+)-specific IDH gamma-subunit (IDH gamma) respectively. However, it has less similarity (about 30%) to NADP(+)-specific IDH from Escherichia coli and bovine mitochondria. These results indicate that the structure of IDH alpha closely resembles that of IDH2, the catalytic subunit of the yeast enzyme. Structural analysis of the deduced H-IDH alpha protein revealed that the amino acids responsible for the binding of isocitrate, Mg2+ and NAD+ are highly conserved. It also has two conserved motifs for the binding sites of ATP and ADP, but a canonical Ca(2+)-binding motif was not recognized. Unusual penta-(ATTTA) and tri-(TAA or ATT) nucleotides which are respectively believed to interact with RNA-binding proteins and be near the endonuclease cleavage sites were frequently recognized in its 3' untranslated region, indicating the possibility of an additional method of regulation of this enzyme. Northern-blot analysis suggests that one mRNA transcript (2.8 kb) exists in cultured HeLa cells. Genomic DNA Southern-blot analysis indicates that the IDH alpha gene is not closely related to that of the other IDH isoenzymes, and IDH alpha appears to be encoded by a single gene.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Reverse temporalis muscle flap: treatment of large anterior cranial base defect with direct intracranial-nasopharyngeal communication.

Inadequately managed frontal sinus fracture or sinusitis can pose a major problem of intracranial-nasopharyngeal communication. Life-threatening ascending infection of the intracranium is inevitable unless the intracranium is separated from the nasopharynx. In five patients with frontal bone defect associated with direct intracranial-nasopharyngeal communication, the authors used reverse temporalis muscle flap based on the superficial temporal vessels to obliterate the nasocranial communication. With the authors' method, the nasocranial communication were sealed off permanently, and the ascending infection from intracranial-nasopharyngeal communication was controlled successfully. The reverse temporalis muscle flap, which survives by reversed arterial flow through the vascular connection, exists between the superficial temporal artery and the deep temporal artery in the region of temporalis muscle origin. The reverse temporalis muscle flap is versatile and is recommended especially when other local flaps are not available to obliterate the nasocranial communication.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

China↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oral supplementation of L-arginine prevents chronic cyclosporine nephrotoxicity in rats.

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of L-arginine (L-Arg) on the prevention of chronic cyclosporine (CsA) nephrotoxicity in rats. Rats pair-fed a low-salt diet (0.05%) were given CsA (15 mg/kg/day s.c.), CsA and L-Arg (L-Arg group, 1.25 g/l water), CsA and N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME group, 70 mg/l water) or vehicle. After 28 days, the L-Arg group had a higher glomerular filtration rate compared to the CsA (0.42 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.31 +/- 0.06 ml/min/100 g, p < 0.05) and the L-NAME groups (vs. 0.19 +/- 0.04 ml/min/100 g, p < 0.05) and a significantly lower serum creatinine level compared to the CsA (0.70 +/- 0.06 vs. 0.92 +/- 0.12 mg/dl, p < 0.05) and the L-NAME groups (vs. 1.21 +/- 0.17 mg/dl, p < 0.05). The L-Arg group had less fibrosis, tubular injury (TI), and arteriolopathy than the CsA (fibrosis 0.39 +/- 0.14 vs. 0.74 +/- 0.15; TI 1.3 +/- 0.3 vs. 2.0 +/- 0.1; arteriolopathy 33 +/- 7 vs. 48 +/- 17, p < 0.05, respectively) and the L-NAME groups (fibrosis vs. 1.67 +/- 0.32, TI vs. 2.6 +/- 0.3, arteriolopathy vs. 63 +/- 10, p < 0.05, respectively). Plasma renin activity in the L-Arg group was less than in the CsA (18 +/- 2 vs. 23 +/- 3 ng Ang I/ml/h, p < 0.05) and the L-NAME groups (vs. 30 +/- 3 ng Ang I/ml/h, p < 0.05). Nitric oxide production in L-Arg group was higher than in the CsA (24.2 +/- 1.7 vs. 11.1 +/- 1.5 mumol/24 h, p < 0.05) and the L-NAME groups (vs. 8.4 +/- 1.0 mumol/24 h, p < 0.05). In conclusion, the nitric oxide pathway is associated with the pathogenesis of chronic CsA nephrotoxicity, and exogenous L-Arg supplementation is effective in reducing chronic CsA nephrotoxicity in rats.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Access blood flow as a predictor of early failures of native arteriovenous fistulas in hemodialysis patients.

Blood flow imaging using color doppler has proven effective in predicting graft failures in hemodialysis patients, but its effect on native arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) is not well known. This study was performed to investigate whether measurements of the access blood flow can be used as predictors of an early failure of a native AVF in hemodialysis patients. Fifty-three consecutive patients who received native AVF operations were included in this study. Access blood flow was measured at 1 week after operations, and AVF function was followed for 4 months. During the follow-up, access failures developed in 10 patients at 9.8 +/- 3.5 weeks. AVF blood flow was significantly lower in the failure group (n = 10) than in the patent group (n = 43) (450 +/- 214 vs. 814 +/- 348 ml/min, p = 0.003). The incidence of access failures was higher in the patients with a flow <350 ml/min (n = 9) compared to the patients with a flow >350 ml/min (n = 44) (55.5 vs. 11.3%, p = 0.008). The diameters of veins were significantly smaller in the failure group than in the patent group (3.5 +/- 0.5 vs. 4.1 +/- 0.7 mm, p = 0.018). The incidence of diabetes mellitus was higher in the failure group than in the patent group (90 vs. 51%, p = 0.025). However, age, sex, duration from an operation to first cannulation, and different AVF sites did not make a significant difference between the two groups. Our data suggest that access blood flow measurements using color doppler ultrasound during early postoperative periods are useful parameters in predicting an early failure of a native AVF in hemodialysis patients.

Adult↗