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Biomedical subjects

Y Noguchi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Noguchi.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[A historical review of flow cytometers and characteristics of commercial instruments].

Instruments utilized in flow cytometry are called flow cytometers and they can be classified into two kinds, namely, cell analyzers and cell sorters. Important technological developments related to the flow cytometer and various kinds of laboratory instruments are reviewed historically. Commercial cell sorters and cell analyzers produced by several companies are compared and the characteristics of each are listed.

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1992

[Development of specific immunotherapy for cancer].

We developed CTL therapy against cancer as an cancer specific immunotherapy. The primary CTL therapy showed certain efficacy on advanced cancer patients. However, when ratio of monocyte population in peripheral blood lymphoid cells (PBL) of advanced cancer patients increases more than that of CD8+ T cell population, so that CD8+ T cell/M3 ratio is less than 1, CTL directed to cancer cannot be induced in PBL and the primary CTL therapy is not materialized for these patients. Monocyte-macrophages in these patients release a suppressive factor(s) capable of inhibiting CTL induction and proliferation at induction phase but not inhibiting cytotoxic activity in target cell lysis at effector phase. Furthermore, these monocytes expressed strong message of TGF beta. If most of increased monocytes of PBL from advanced cancer patients are removed by a nylon wool column method from the PBL, CTL directed to cancer cells can be induced even in PBL of advanced cancer patients with high frequency, this improved CTL therapy against cancer showed remarkable efficacy as the cancer specific immunotherapy in various advanced cancer patients without any side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Aortic root reconstruction in the patient with aortic root dissection and aortic valve regurgitation: a case report].

The reported patient was a 60-year-old man with congestive heart failure and recurrent inferior myocardial infarction. The aortogram revealed severe aortic regurgitation, aortic root dilatation and dissection with involvement of the right coronary ostium. Aortic root reconstruction using the valved conduit was performed. The left coronary ostium was reimplanted with Carrel patch method and the right coronary artery was bypassed with the saphenous vein graft. Postoperative course was uneventful and he is asymptomatic in one year after operation. Although aortic root reconstruction with Carrel patch procedure is not widely adopted in Japan, we recommend this procedure because the anastomosis between the coronary ostium and the graft is tight.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1992

[The superior approach technique for total anomalous pulmonary venous return (type I b)].

Two infants with total anomalous pulmonary venous return (type I b) were operated on successfully through the superior approach. The technique of anastomosis was designed for making large anastomosis between the common pulmonary vein and left atrium according to each pattern of pulmonary venous drainage. In these patients, the angiocardiogram at one year after the operation showed no stenosis between pulmonary vein and left atrium and electrocardiogram revealed no arrhythmias, postoperatively. The operative procedures which used in these patients are described.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1992

[3 cases of müllerian duct cyst].

We report 3 cases of müllerian duct cyst. Percutaneous puncture, aspiration and instillation of a sclerosing agent under ultrasound guidance was performed in each case. Ultrasound is valuable in the diagnosis is of cysts in the region of the prostate and seminal vesicles. Aspiration under ultrasound guidance would also be of therapeutic value.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Isolation and sequencing of a cDNA clone encoding rat liver lysosomal cathepsin D and the structure of three forms of mature enzymes.

We isolated and sequenced a cDNA clone corresponding to the entire coding sequence of rat liver lysosomal cathepsin D. The deduced amino acid sequence revealed that cathepsin D consists of 407 amino acid residues (Mr 44,608) and the 20 NH2-terminal residues seem to constitute a cleavable signal peptide after which 44 amino acid residues follow as a propeptide. Two putative N-linked glycosylation sites and aspartic acid in the active site are as well conserved as those of human lysosomal cathepsin D. In the NH2-terminal sequence analysis of two isolated heavy chains of the mature enzyme, the termini were assigned as tryptophan (118th residue) and glycine (165th or 166th residue), respectively, hence demonstrates that the two heavy chains derive from a split of the single chain of cathepsin D at position between 117th and 118th or between 164th and 165th or 165th and 166th amino acids. We conclude that cathepsin D in rat liver lysosomes is a mixture of three forms composed of a single and two two-chain forms. However, the amounts of the two two-chain forms are low compared with that of the single chain form. Densidometric determination after SDS-PAGE revealed that the two two-chain forms account for less than 5% of the single chain form. There is a 82% similarity in amino acid level between rat and human liver lysosomal cathepsin D.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Isolation and sequencing of a cDNA clone encoding 85kDa sialoglycoprotein in rat liver lysosomal membranes.

We used the oligonucleotide probe corresponding to the internal amino acid sequence of a lysosomal membrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 85 K (LGP85) and isolated and characterized cDNA clones containing the entire coding region. The isolated cDNA comprised 2065 nucleotides. The predicted amino acid sequences of LGP85 consisted of 478 amino acid residues (Mr.54,090) and the protein has 11 potential N-glycosylation sites. Since the NH2 terminal sequence determined from purified LGP85 was identical to the NH2 terminal sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA, except for the lack of initiator methionine which is likely to be cleaved off posttranslationally, it is likely that LGP85 has an uncleavable signal peptide at the NH2 terminus. Hydropathy plots show that LGP85 possesses two strong hydrophobic regions at the NH2 terminus (residues 4-26) and near the COOH terminus (residues 433-457), respectively. Either one or both of the domains might be used for membrane anchoring. A comparison of the sequences of the other lysosomal membrane glycoproteins with that of LGP85 revealed no homology. Glycine-tyrosine residues (so-called GY motif) which are thought an important signal for delivery of lysosomal membrane glycoproteins to lysosomes were not contained in the cytoplasmic tail of LGP85 (residues 458-478). LGP85 appears to be an unique lysosomal membrane glycoprotein that does not require tyrosine residues for targeting to lysosomes. Tyrosine residue may not be an essential signal for delivering newly synthesized lysosomal membrane glycoproteins to lysosomes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Priming for in vitro and in vivo anti-human T lymphotropic virus type 1 cellular immunity by virus-related protein reconstituted into liposome.

In vitro and in vivo anti-human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) cellular immunity was examined by immunizing rats with a truncated hybrid protein (228 amino acids) of gag and env of HTLV-1 produced by Escherichia coli. Animals were immunized with the hybrid protein reconstituted into mannan-derivative-coated liposomes (gag-env-lipo). In vitro sensitization with a HTLV-1-positive cell line, TARS-1, of spleen cells obtained from these animals generated killer cells specific for syngeneic HTLV-1-positive cells. No killer activity was generated when spleen cells were obtained from animals immunized with the hybrid protein alone, the liposome alone, or the hybrid protein reconstituted into conventional liposomes with no polysaccharide coating. Killer cells were CD8+ CTL restricted to MHC class I. Analysis of CD8+ and CD4+ subsets in spleens showed the existence of primed CD8+ T cells in animals immunized with gag-env-lipo. Rats immunized with gag-env-lipo displayed accelerated rejection of TARS-1 but not of two other HTLV-1-negative tumor lines. Injection of carrageenan into animals strongly inhibited generation of killer cells, which indicates the necessity of macrophages for priming of CD8+ T cells with gag-env-lipo. Injection of carrageenan also cancelled in vivo immunity against HTLV-1+ cells induced with gag-env-lipo. These results, taken together, indicate that exogenous protein reconstituted into appropriate liposomes can effectively prime MHC class I restricted CD8+ T cells in vivo with macrophage dependency.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Tumor-induced alterations in tissue lipoprotein lipase activity and mRNA levels.

To elucidate the mechanisms of hypertriglyceridemia observed in the tumor-bearing rat, tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity and LPL mRNA levels were examined in the fed and fasted states at different degrees of tumor burden and after tumor removal. LPL activity in the epididymal fat pad and cardiac muscle in the 24-h-fasted rats was significantly decreased with increasing tumor burden (r = -0.53, P less than 0.05 and r = -0.72, P less than 0.01, respectively). Tumor removal completely reversed these changes. In contrast, no change in LPL activity was detected in the fed state since food intake stimulated LPL activity to the same extent in both tumor-bearing (TBR) and control rats. LPL activity in the diaphragm and skeletal muscle was only marginally altered in TBR, as compared to controls. LPL mRNA from the epididymal fat pad and cardiac muscle migrated to the same site on agarose gel and hybridized to a LPL-specific complementary DNA probe. The decline in LPL activity in epididymal fat pad observed in TBR was associated with a decrease in LPL mRNA levels. In contrast, there was no significant difference in LPL mRNA levels in cardiac muscle between the two groups despite significantly suppressed enzyme activity in tumor bearers. This study provides evidence that hypertriglyceridemia in TBR is due in part to tumor-dependent suppression of adipose and cardiac LPL activity in the fasted state, which is stimulated by the presence of tumor. Unlike cardiac LPL, the tumor-induced changes in adipose LPL activity are regulated at the mRNA level in this tumor model.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1991

A close relationship between post-tetanic twitch and train-of-four responses during neuromuscular blockade by vecuronium.

The relationship between post-tetanic twitch (PTT) and train-of-four (TOF) responses after intravenous administration of vecuronium were studied using EMG in 20 patients under nitrous oxide and enflurane anesthesia. After the initial dose (0.2 mg.kg(-1)) of vecuronium, the detectable first twitch of PTT (PTT(1)) always preceded that of TOF (TOF(1)) with the mean time interval of 10.7 +/- 2.6 min. The post-tetanic count (PTC) which coincided with the first appearance of TOF(1) was 9.4 +/- 2.6. After the appearance of TOF(1), the magnitude of TOF(1) was almost identical to that of PTC(10) until full recovery from neuromuscular blockade was observed, whether the supplemental doses of vecuronium (0.03-0.04 mg.kg(-1) i.v.) were administered or not. The magnitude of TOF(2) was slightly lower than that of PTC(20). These results suggest that there is a close relationship between these two types of response, and by evaluating not only PTC but also the magnitude of each PTT, the recovery of TOF responses can be predicted and its extent be estimated fairly accurately.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

Balloon occlusion of carotid-cavernous fistula via subtemporal transdural approach.

This is a report on a patient with traumatic carotid-cavernous sinus fistula (CCF). She gradually noticed noise in her head and suffered from partial ophthalmoplegia. Angiography demonstrated a left high flow CCF. She underwent a direct surgical treatment with a detachable balloon because an endovascular balloon embolisation for the CCF had been unsuccessful. Immediate disappearance of the bruits after surgery was noted and the patient recovered progressively her ophthalmoplegia. Follow angiograms 3 months after surgery revealed the disappearance of the fistula and an appearance of a false aneurysm. She is asymptomatic and periodically monitored in the outpatient clinic.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1991

EC-IC bypass for adult patients with moyamoya disease.

We have performed 10 bypass operations on 7 adult patients with moyamoya disease over the past 6 years. Four had haemorrhagic episodes and three had ischemic episodes. Three patients underwent superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass on both sides and the other four had the procedure on one side. Six of 7 patients showed angiographical improvement after the bypass operation while one patient did not. This patient underwent the second severe stroke and became vegetative during the course of follow-up. Another patient died of myocardial infarction during the follow-up time. Five patients are capable of carrying out their original work. Considerations regarding the cause, operative methods and disease course in the patients are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Susceptibility of newly established mouse strain MPS to Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

A newly established mouse strain, MPS, which is more sensitive to Mycoplasma pulmonis than ICR, ddY and other mouse strains was examined for its susceptibility to Mycoplasma pneumoniae. In experimental infections with M. pneumoniae, it was observed that M. pneumoniae attached to tracheas of MPS mice, and M. pneumoniae cells were isolated from tracheas and lungs of MPS mice even after four weeks of infection, while no mycoplasmas were isolated from ICR and ddY mice after one week of infection. Specific antibodies against M. pneumoniae were also observed by the Western blotting in the sera of MPS mice infected with M. pneumoniae. Although any lung lesion could not be observed in this work, this newly established mouse strain MPS may be useful for experiments of M. pneumoniae infection, especially for the analysis of strain differences in susceptibility to M. pneumoniae infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Cardiorespiratory responses to standing arm ergometry in patients with ischemic heart disease. Comparison with the results of treadmill exercise.

To compare cardiorespiratory responses to standing arm ergometry and treadmill exercise, two graded exercise stress tests were performed in 30 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Cardiac catheterization and expired gas analyses were also done. Standing arm ergometry was discontinued because of arm fatigue in 15 (50%) patients, whereas treadmill exercise was stopped due to leg fatigue in 8 (27%) patients. Maximal increase in rate-pressure product and oxygen uptake, and magnitude of ST-segment depression during standing arm ergometry were significantly smaller (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05, respectively) than those during treadmill exercise. Furthermore correlations of maximal change in rate-pressure product, oxygen uptake and extent of ST-segment depression were not close between the two exercise tests (r = 0.76, r = 0.67 and r = 0.54, respectively). Our results indicate that the ability to detect IHD with standing arm ergometry is lower than that with treadmill exercise and that it is not possible to predict accurately one's capacity for arm exercise from the treadmill exercise test.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A histological study on the skin and hairs of PC (poor coat) mice].

Light microscopic examinations were done on the skin and hairs of PC (poor coat) mice, maintained as an inbred strain at the National Institute of Health, Japan. The structures of the epidermis, dermis, hair root sheath and the sebaceous glands were normal. Hair bulbs and hair papillae were poorly developed at anagen stage of hair cycle. Having scanty medulla, the hairs were thin and short. The hair cuticle appeared normal. These findings suggest that the defective hair growth in PC mice is caused by deficiencies in cell differentiation and/or proliferation in the hair matrix.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Electron microscopical evaluation of connective tissue healing to periodontally involved teeth.

The present study was undertaken to examine if our novel root treatment for human periodontally involved teeth can facilitate a new connective tissue attachment. The novel treatment was in two parts: 1) planning and surface decalcification with citric acid on the coronal quarter of the exposed root corresponding to pocket, and 2) curettage of superficial cementum of the apical three quarters of the exposed root. The interface of the root surface and regenerating connective tissue was observed 2 and 3 weeks after surgery by light and electron microscopy. The apical migration of junctional epithelium was effectively prevented. The fibroblasts synthesized new fibrillar materials and collagen fibrils towards the curetted cementum. The results suggested the possibility that this treatment for periodontally involved teeth would provide ideal root surface conditions for the formation of new fibrous attachment.

Antacids↗