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Biomedical subjects

Y Nir

Publications and source records attributed to Y Nir.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Immediate and long-term posttherapy neuropsychologic performance in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated without central nervous system radiation.

Intellectual and neuropsychologic test performance was studied in 41 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia within one year of completing multidrug therapy in which intrathecal methotrexate was the sole agent of central nervous system prophylaxis. To control for possible effects of intensive systemic chemotherapy and the disruptive psychosocial effects of treatment on psychometric test function, 33 children with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma who had no CNS disease or treatment were similarly studied. All patients studied had been in continuous complete remission since diagnosis. Within each diagnostic group, patients were placed in a younger (less than 8 years) or an older (more than 8 years) group depending on age at the time of testing. No significant difference was found in intellectual function between the young ALL and ERMS groups or between the total ALL and ERMS groups. Further five-year follow-up of 12 of the youngest ALL patients showed no significant long-term change in intellectual or other specific neuropsychologic functions. Children with ALL who remained in continuous complete remission from diagnosis and who were treated with prophylactic intrathecal methotrexate and no CNS radiation did not have global or specific neuropsychologic impairment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Cancer in a parent: the impact on mother and child. A consultation-liaison clinical case conference.

The following case presents a 31-year-old woman medically hospitalized during a relapse of acute myelocytic leukemia. A consultation-liaison clinical conference focused on the patient's concerns about the effects of her illness on her relationship with her young daughter and its impact on the child's development. The discussion illustrates the consultation-liaison psychiatrist's role in alerting parents to their child's needs and in providing them with tools for effective parenting in a crisis situation such a cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Psychologic support for children with soft tissue and bone sarcomas.

Advances in pediatric hematology and oncology during the last decade have increased the survival rate of children with cancer. If treatment is to be successful, optimally, psychologic and physical issues, though they may become indistinguishable from one another, must be taken into consideration. Using the system theory concept, I examined the impact of the various professionals on the sick child. To facilitate better care, the liaison Pediatric Psychiatry Service at Beth Israel Medical Center in New York City developed a series of psychiatric interventions that deal with the psychologic needs of the various components of the medical-therapeutic system. These include preparation of a psychosocial profile of the sick child and his family; group meetings for nurses, house staff, and attending physicians in hematology and oncology; and discussions with the parents. The patient is perceived as a biopsychologic system, the natural unit in which it is possible to discern and abstract the psychologic subsystem and the biologic subsystem. Psychiatric intervention with the psychologic subsystem is intended to facilitate the cure and recovery of the biologic subsystem.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The unmotivated patient syndrome: survey of therapeutic interventions.

The authors describe five groups of patients who have been found to respond poorly to psychiatric treatment--people from lower socioeconomic groups, juvenile delinquents, drug-addicted individuals, alcoholics and military psychiatric patients. Although these groups of patients represent different etiologies and symptom-specific pathologies, many of their members have in common a lack of motivation for change. The authors discuss the reasons for this lack of motivation, suggesting that focusing on this factor would promote a better understanding of the unmotivated patient syndrome and lead to the development of more effective psychotherapeutic efforts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Theme-focused group therapy on a pediatric ward.

Hospitalization for children may be a traumatic experience which can result in varying degrees of depression and anxiety. To help children deal with their negative reactions to illness and hospitalization the departments of psychiatry and pediatrics at Beth Israel Medical Center in New York introduced a program of theme-focused group sessions for pediatric patients. The group concerned itself with issues of the hospital experience including 1) lack of, or distortion of, factual information, and 2) fantasies, fears and anxieties related to hospitalization. The group also served as a diagnostic tool by allowing the observation of children's reactions to their hospitalization; as an educational experience for non-psychiatric hospital personnel to learn about children's development and psychological functioning; and to reduce the anxiety level of the children, lessen hyperactivity, aggressiveness, and resistance to hospital procedures.

Attitude to Health↗