Biomedical subjects

Y Naya

Publications and source records attributed to Y Naya.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1997

Preliminary results of power Doppler imaging in benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Power Doppler imaging was performed in 77 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms to characterize Doppler blood-flow signals in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Pulsatile blood flows were detected in all patients, demonstrating a significant increase of the resistive index (RI) in BPH cases (n = 40, 0.72 +/- 0.05, p < 0.0001), compared to those with a healthy prostate (n = 37, 0.64 +/- 0.04). Of 40 patients with BPH, 28 (70%) had an RI of 0.70 or higher; all but 1 patient with a healthy prostate (1 of 37, 3%) had an RI lower than 0.70 (p < 0.0001). In all 10 patients with BPH, the elevated RI decreased significantly to a normal control level after surgical treatment (0.72 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.64 +/- 0.05, p < 0.001). In conclusion, Doppler RI might be useful as a new urodynamic parameter in BPH.

Aged↗

PubMed1997

Reversible change of bladder hypertrophy due to benign prostatic hyperplasia after surgical relief of obstruction.

PURPOSE: Ultrasound estimated bladder weight was compared before and after surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) to reveal a possible reversible change in bladder hypertrophy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ultrasound estimated bladder weight was measured before and after subcapsular (17) or transurethral (16) prostatectomy in 33 male patients with BPH. Sequential changes in the American Urological Association symptom score and urinary flow rate were also examined. RESULTS: Along with a significant improvement in the American Urological Association symptom scores and maximum flow rate, ultrasound estimated bladder weight decreased from 52.9 +/- 22.6 to 31.6 +/- 15.8 gm. in 12 weeks after treatment. In all but 4 patients (29 of 33, or 87.9%) ultrasound estimated bladder weight decreased to less than 35.0 gm. in 12 weeks after treatment. Interestingly, in all patients with an initial ultrasound estimated bladder weight of greater than 80 gm. the bladder weight still remained at an abnormally high level 12 weeks after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Bladder hypertrophy was completely reversible after the surgical treatment of the obstruction in the majority of patients with BPH. The measurement of ultrasound estimated bladder weight was of value in monitoring therapeutic effects in BPH patients. An extraordinarily high ultrasound estimated bladder weight of 80 gm. or more might suggest degenerative and irreversible pathological changes in the bladder detrusor.

Aged↗

PubMed1997

A possible use of color Doppler flow imaging in predicting the cause of bladder hypertrophy.

The present study was designed to test the predictability of color Doppler flow imaging of the bladder in determining the cause of bladder hypertrophy. The blood flow in the anterior bladder wall was measured in 35 patients with an abnormally increased ultrasound estimated bladder weight (UEBW) of more than 35.0 g. Of these, 18 were diagnosed as having infravesical obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (obstructive group). The remaining 17 were diagnosed as having neurogenic bladder dysfunction (NB group). Scanning to detect blood flow was continued for 5 minutes, the bladder having been filled with 100 ml of saline. Blood flow was detected in 83.3% (15/18) of the obstructive group, compared to 23.5% (4/17) in the NB group (p < 0.001). Infravesical obstruction was detected with a diagnostic accuracy of 80.0% (28/35) by color Doppler flow imaging. Color Doppler flow imaging was useful in predicting the cause of bladder hypertrophy in patients with abnormally increased UEBW.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Ultrasonic power Doppler imaging for prostatic cancer: a preliminary report.

This study was conducted to characterize Doppler blood flow signals in prostatic cancer using power Doppler imaging with a transrectal probe. Both the localization and vascularity of blood flow in the prostate were compared between patients with prostatic cancer and those with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The prominent accumulation of blood flow signals (hypervascular lesion) was recognized in all the cases with prostatic cancer, compared to only 2 (4%) of 47 with BPH (p < 0.001). Power Doppler imaging is promising for the detection of prostatic cancer.

Aged↗

PubMed1997

Noninvasive quantitative estimation of infravesical obstruction using ultrasonic measurement of bladder weight.

PURPOSE: Ultrasound estimated bladder weight was compared to pressure-flow studies to test the ability of ultrasound estimated bladder weight to predict infravesical obstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 65 men with urinary symptoms underwent ultrasonic measurement of bladder weight and pressure-flow studies. Assuming the bladder is a sphere, ultrasound estimated bladder weight was calculated from bladder wall thickness measured ultrasonically and intravesical volume. RESULTS: Ultrasound estimated bladder weight correlated significantly (p < 0.0001) with the Abrams-Griffiths number, urethral resistance factor and the Schäfer grade of obstruction. A cutoff value of 35 gm. for ultrasound estimated bladder weight revealed a diagnostic accuracy of 86.2% (56 of 65 cases) for infravesical obstruction with 12.1 (4 of 33) and 15.6% (5 of 32) false-positive and false-negative rates, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound estimated bladder weight can be measured noninvasively at the bedside and it is promising as a reliable predictor of infravesical obstruction.

Aged↗

PubMed1997

The American Urological Association symptom index for benign prostatic hyperplasia as a function of age, volume and ultrasonic appearance of the prostate.

PURPOSE: Our study was conducted to reveal quantitatively the relative effects of age and ultrasonic appearance of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) on urinary symptoms as evaluated by the American Urological Association (AUA) symptom index score. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 929 examinees (732 with a normal prostate and 197 with BPH) on a mass screening program for prostatic diseases using transrectal ultrasonography in Japan, the AUA symptom score was compared to age, prostatic volume and presumed circle area ratio using simple and multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: Simple regression analysis demonstrated the symptom score to correlate significantly with age (R = 0.162, p < 0.0001), prostatic volume (R = 0.072, p = 0.0281) and presumed circle area ratio (R = 0.150, p < 0.0001). However, multiple regression analysis demonstrated that age and presumed circle area ratio were significant independent determinants of the total symptom score. Among 7 symptoms included in the AUA symptom index weak stream and hesitancy scores were not influenced by age, prostatic volume or presumed circle area ratio. CONCLUSIONS: As a parameter representing the degree of BPH in terms of the severity of urinary symptoms, presumed circle area ratio was preferable to prostatic volume. Regression analyses confirmed again that the AUA symptom index was influenced considerably by age and was not specific to BPH.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1997

[A case of primary endobronchial mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma with middle lobe atelectasis].

A 60-year-old woman was admitted for evaluation of an abnormal shadow in her chest X-ray. A chest roentgenogram revealed middle lobe atelectasis and a tomogram showed masses mainly in the right intermediate bronchus. In bronchoscopy, the bronchus was severely narrowed by irregularly surfaced masses. Microscopic examinations of transbronchial biopsy specimen showed the mucosal and submucosal tissue diffusedly infiltrated mainly by lymphocytes composed of small lymphocytes, centrocyte-like cells and monocytoid cells. The B-cell origin was suggested by a positive L-26 stain. Monoclonality of lymphocytes was proven by Southern blot analysis and in situ hybridization. The diagnosis was primary endobronchial lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. The case was treated with chemotherapy protocol (CAMBO-VIP) and has been in complete remission for 20 months.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1996

Activity of primate inferotemporal neurons related to a sought target in pair-association task.

Visual long-term memory in primates has been assessed by using the pair-association (PA) task, in which a subject retrieves and chooses the paired associate of a cue picture. Our previous studies on single neurons in the anterior inferotemporal (AIT) cortex suggested their roles in representing paired associates in the mind. To test the possibility that the delay activity of AIT neurons is related to a particular picture as a sought target, we devised the PA with color switch (PACS) task. In the PACS task, the necessity for memory retrieval and its initiation time were controlled by a color switch in the middle of the delay period. A control task, in which there is no color switch, corresponds to the conventional delayed matching-to-sample (DMS) task where the monkey chooses the same picture as a cue. We found that AIT neurons started to respond just after the color switch in the PACS task, when the cue-optimal picture's associate was presented as a cue. In contrast, they showed no response change in the DMS task. We confirmed that this effect is not due to the visual response to colors. Furthermore, when the cue-optimal picture was presented as a cue, these neurons showed suppression after the color switch in the PACS task. These results suggest that the activity of AIT neurons mediates gating mechanisms that preferentially pass information about a sought target, even when the sought target is retrieved from long-term memory.

Animals↗

PubMed1996

Ultrasonic estimation of bladder weight as a measure of bladder hypertrophy in men with infravesical obstruction: a preliminary report.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonic estimation of bladder weight as a measure of bladder hypertrophy using transabdominal ultrasonography in men with infravesical obstruction. Ultrasonically estimated bladder weight (UEBW) was calculated from the thickness of the bladder wall measured ultrasonically and the intravesical volume at the ultrasonic measurement, assuming a spheric bladder. There was a statistically significant correlation (r = 0.970, P <0.001) between the actual bladder weight of cadaver bladders and the UEBW. The UEBW did not change with bladder filling. The UEBW in the obstructed group (group O, 49.7 +/- 19.5 g, mean +/- SD) was significantly greater than that in the normal control group (group NC, 25.6 +/- 5.7 g; P <0.001) or the nonobstructed group (group NO, 28.4 +/- 4.2 g; P <0.001). The greatest UEBW was 34.8 g in group NC and 35.2 g in group NO, whereas 94% (45 of 48) of group O had a UEBW greater than 35.0 g. In all 5 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), the increased UEBW decreased to a normal control level at 3 months after treatment of BPH. This new noninvasive method may be useful in investigation of bladder hypertrophy.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

[Self-test of morning urine with urinary dipsticks for 7 consecutive days for asymptomatic microscopic hematuria].

BACKGROUND: The frequency of hematuria and proteinuria was assessed in terms of the existence of glomerular disorders. METHODS: Fifty-five patients with asymptomatic microscopic hematuria, in whom no urological disorders were recognized, were used in this study. The frequency of hematuria and proteinuria was assessed by self-test of the first voided urine in the morning with urinary dipsticks for 7 consecutive days. Hematuria (proteinuria) was judged positive when reaction for hematuria (proteinuria) on a dipstick was 1+ or more, and negative when reaction was - or +/-. On the basis of self-test, the frequency of hematuria (proteinuria) was classified into 3 types as follows: Type C, positive hematuria (proteinuria) recognized continuously throughout 7 days; Type S, positive and negative hematuria (proteinuria) recognized sporadically; Type N, negative hematuria (proteinuria) recognized throughout 7 days. The results were evaluated in terms of the existence of glomerular disorders, as revealed by renal biopsy. RESULTS: Self-tests were completed successfully in 53 (96%) out of 55 patients at the first attempt. Of these 55 patients 32 (58%) were Type C hematuria, 14 (26%) were Type S hematuria and 9 (16%) were Type N hematuria. The incidence of glomerular disorders was significantly higher in patients with Type C (81%, p < 0.0001) and Type S (71% p < 0.01) hematuria than those with Type N (0%) hematuria. CONCLUSION: The presence of hematuria confirmed by self-test used in the present study was suggestive of glomerular disorders.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Child abuse viewed through the hot-line in Osaka, Japan.

Cases of child abuse identified by a hot-line telephone service and by a survey of health and welfare agencies are reported. Many consultations to the telephone hot-line were from mothers concerned about maltreating their own children. In such cases, the extent of abuse was often mild to moderate, and many of those mothers were troubled about child care in the relatively segregated context of the nuclear family. In only a few cases did the callers indicate that the children's life was in danger. In the administrative survey, however, deaths occurred in 5% of the cases, and the abused children frequently had physical and psychological symptoms. There were also more frequent and more serious family problems in the administrative survey compared to the telephone consultation cases. The findings of these surveys suggest that many children and parents are suffering from child abuse in Japan, that many cases are currently not being identified by health and welfare agencies, and that a wide range of measures, from protection of severely abused children to prevention of abuse, are necessary.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Characterization of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone from the crayfish (Procambarus clarkii): multiplicity of molecular forms by stereoinversion and diverse functions.

The complete amino acid sequence of two forms of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) from the X-organ sinus gland complex of crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) has been determined. There are two variants of P. clarkii CHH (Prc-CHH), I and II, which can be separated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Each variant was oxidized by performic acid and then cleaved with lysyl endopeptidase. Intact hormone was also digested with trypsin and endoproteinase Asp-N, successively. The resulting fragments were separated by RP-HPLC and subjected to sequence analyses by a gas-phase sequencer and tandem mass spectrometry. Both variants contain 72 amino acid residues with three disulfide linkages, at positions 7-43, 23-39, and 26-52, and differ from each other by the D/L epimerization of phenylalanine at position 3; Prc-CHH-II contains D-amino acid. Injections of Prc-CHH-I and Prc-CHH-II at a dose of 12.5 pmol resulted in significant increase of hemolymph glucose levels in the crayfish. The hormones are also active in repressing ecdysteroid synthesis at concentrations of 250 mM (Prc-CHH-I) and 25 nM (Prc-CHH-II) in Y-organ culture. These results may indicate that the stereoinversion in the CHH molecule leads to an important alternation in hormonal functions during crustacean development.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1994

[Simultaneous bilateral testicular tumors: a case report].

We report a case of bilateral simultaneously-occurring testicular tumors. A 43-year-old man was admitted to our clinic with a complaint of right inguinal pain in May 1992. Under the diagnosis of bilateral testicular neoplasms, bilateral high orchiectomy was performed. Histological examination revealed typical seminoma of bilateral testes. The patient was diagnosed with stage IIIO seminoma, and he was treated with combination chemotherapy (PVB). No evidence of disease has been seen after chemotherapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Sequence of the cDNA encoding an actin homolog in the crayfish Procambarus clarkii.

A cDNA library was constructed by using mRNAs purified from crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) muscle. Using a homology search of the nucleotide (nt) sequences, a clone of the library was found to encode a protein homologous to actin (Act). The insert fragment of this cDNA clone was 1072 nt in length. The amino acid sequence deduced from the nt sequence showed significant similarity to Act of various organisms as follows: 88.1% to Drosophila melanogaster, 88.2% to silk worm, 87.3% to brine shrimp, 86.3% to rat, and 86.3% to human (% identity).

Actins↗

PubMed1993

Effect of LHRH analog on the seminal vesicles evaluated by transrectal sonography.

The maximum horizontal area (MHA) of the seminal vesicles was measured in 20 prostatic cancer patients by means of transrectal sonography (TRS) after LHRH analog treatment. MHA of the seminal vesicles changed in parallel to the serum testosterone (T) level and decreased by 11-62%, compared with the baseline after LHRH analog treatment for 4 months. Two different patterns were observed for the change of MHA. In 9 cases, MHA of the seminal vesicles increased transiently and then decreased gradually, while in the other 11 cases, MHA decreased continuously from the beginning with no significant increase. Thus, the direct and dynamic response of the seminal vesicles to the change of serum T level was clarified.

Aged↗

PubMed1993

Isolation of Antho-RFamide related peptides from the eyestalks of blue crab.

1. Two carboxyl-terminally amidated peptides (CP1 and CP2) were isolated from the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) eyestalks by a method of carboxyl-terminal analysis. 2. The peptides were sequenced as pGlu-Gly-Arg-Phe-amide (CP1) and pGlu-Leu-Gly-Arg-Phe-amide (CP2). 3. Each carboxyl-terminus of the peptides was precisely determined by amino acid analysis utilizing phenylisothiocyanate derivatives. 4. CP1 was identical to the sea anemone neuropeptide, Antho-RFamide.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1993

Seminal vesicle parameters at 10-year intervals measured by transrectal ultrasonography.

The volume, maximum horizontal area, maximum length, maximum width and depth of the seminal vesicles were measured by transrectal ultrasonography in 76 subjects without seminal vesicle disorders, divided into 7 groups at 10-year intervals. The average of each parameter in each group was presented. The volume and maximum horizontal area began to decrease after the age of 60 years. No statistically significant difference among subject ages was observed for the other 3 parameters. A correlation was observed between the volume and maximum horizontal area of the seminal vesicles. Our study confirmed that maximum horizontal area of the seminal vesicles may be substituted for the volume.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Physiological role of 3-hydroxykynurenine and xanthurenic acid upon crustacean molting.

Studies with crabs (Charybdis japonica) and crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) revealed that the tryptophan metabolites, 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine (3-OH-K) and xanthurenic acid (XA), common secretory products of the X-organ-sinus gland complex of eyestalks from several decapods, regulated the molting of crustaceans in species-nonspecific fashion. Injection of 3-OH-K to the eyestalk-ablated crayfish delayed the onset of the first molt and lengthened the interval between the first and second molts. These lines of evidence were in accord with previous accounts of the so-called "molt inhibiting hormone" (MIH) effect. Removal of eyestalks caused a change in the conversion capacity of exogenous 3-OH-K to XA in the hemolymph. The peak in transformation capacity was followed by a peak in the titer of 20-hydroxyecdysone or molting hormone. Moreover, the seasonal profiles of the XA and ecdysone titers in Charybdis japonica exhibited a staggered relationship in the tissues tested. The ratio of XA to 3-OH-K, which is expected to indicate the apparent 3-OH-Kase activity, fluctuated seasonally and locally. When the Y-organ with the adhering tissues (Y-organ complex or YOC) was incubated during the period of high XA titer, the YOC produced 100 times more ecdysone than before incubation. It is suggested that ecdysteroidogenesis in situ was suppressed during this period by XA, but incubation of the YOC lead to a dramatic acceleration in ecdysone synthesis by overriding this inhibitory effect. XA profoundly repressed ecdysteroidogenesis in the YOC culture. Thus, XA is the ecdysone biosynthesis inhibitor (EBI) and 3-OH-K the precursor in crustaceans. An interfering effect of XA to a biocatalyst cytochrome P-450 system was postulated for the inhibition mechanism of ecdysteroidogenesis.

Animals↗