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Biomedical subjects

Y Nasu

Publications and source records attributed to Y Nasu.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Phase II study of 5-FU tablet in bladder tumor].

A phase II study of 5-FU tablet at a dose of 200 to 300 mg/day (b.i.d. or t.i.d.) for 28 patients with tumor of urinary bladder was undertaken by a cooperative study group consisting of 7 institutions including Okayama University. The clinical response rate in 25 evaluable cases was 20.0 (5/25) (CR: 2 cases, PR: 3 cases, MR: 4 cases, NC: 11 cases and PD: 5 cases). Efficacy rates of 5-FU tablet were higher in patients having smaller lesions or those who received no previous chemotherapy. Some adverse effects were observed in 6 of 27 cases (22.2%), all of which were gastrointestinal symptoms. Abnormal laboratory tests were seen in 18.5%, but all of these abnormalities were mild. 5-FU tablet administered to patients with tumor of urinary bladder was found to be highly distributed in tumor tissue. It is considered from the above results that 5-FU tablet is one of the useful agents for tumor of urinary bladder.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Electrical and mechanical interaction between circular and longitudinal muscle layers of the guinea-pig stomach.

The effects of prostaglandin E1 and F2 alpha on the mechanical and electrical responses of circular strips dissected from various parts of the guinea-pig stomach were examined. Prostaglandin E1 induced the tonic contraction without an inhibition of the phasic contraction in lower parts of stomach. The amplitude of tonic contraction decayed along with greater curvature of the stomach, that is, it was largest in pylorus region and smallest in upper corpus. Furthermore, the tonic contraction increased depending on concentrations of prostaglandin E1. When a longitudinal muscle layer was removed from the circular strips, the tonic contraction disappeared. On the other hand, prostaglandin E1 or F2 alpha consistently induced an increase in the resting tone and the phasic contraction in longitudinal strips of all parts of stomach. Simultaneous recordings of the electrical and mechanical activities showed a correlation between membrane depolarization and tonic contraction induced by prostaglandin E1. Above results were not affected by nerve-blocking agent, atropine or tetrodotoxin. Thus it is suggested that the tonic contraction in circular strips induced by prostaglandin E1 is closely related to the longitudinal tonic contractions.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Effects of cilastatin sodium, an inhibitor of dehydropeptidase-I, on human urinary peptide excretion. Patients with renal insufficiency].

Effects of imipenem/cilastatin sodium (IPM/CS), a new parenteral carbapenem combination antibiotic, on the excretion of urinary peptides were investigated by amino acid analysis of these peptides from 12 patients with varying degrees of impairment of renal function, after single or multiple doses (9 doses) of 500 mg/500 mg of the combination drug administered by 30-minute drip infusion. In a single dose study, slight increase in glycine (Gly) were observed in patients with mildly impaired renal function (group I). On the other hand, several amino acids including aspartic acid (Asp), glutamic acid (Glu), Gly and alanine (Ala) were increased in patients with moderately (group II) and severely (group III) impaired renal function. Gly showed the greatest increase, 1.029 microM/mg creatinine.2 hours, and the value was 2.4 times as high as the control collected before drug administration. These values were reduced to the control levels within 10-12 hours after the drug administration for amino acids showing small increases and within 12-24 hours after drug administration even for those showing greater increases. In a multiple-dose study employing 3 patients with moderately impaired renal function, Asp and Gly were found to increase after the 1st, 5th and 9th doses. The increased amino acids were reduced to preadministration levels within 10-12 hours or faster, and no tendency for accumulation was observed. From the above results, CS, as a dehydropeptidase-I inhibitor apparently caused increases in some peptides consisting mainly of Asp, Glu, Gly and Ala in patients with impaired renal function. A careful selection of dose levels and frequency of administration will be required in patients with moderately or severely impaired renal function.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[A new anti-cancer agent, bestrabucil (KM 2210): I. Concentration in the serum and tissue in urogenital tumors].

Serum and tissue concentrations of bestrabucil (KM 2210), a combined agent of 17-estradiol and Chlorambucil, were examined in patients with urogenital cancers including those of the kidney, bladder, prostate and testis. We administered orally 100mg (50 mg X 2/day of bestrabucil for 3 days), and determined its plasma levels and metabolites. A maximum drug concentration, i.e., 9.25 ng/ml, was noted 3 hours after administration; a constant plasma level of 5 ng/ml was maintained and the concentration of free chlorambucil was low. After single or consecutive oral administration of bestrabucil (100-300 mg), tumor specimens contained significantly large amounts of bestrabucil in comparison with adjacent normal tissue. Selective accumulation of the active component in tumor tissue suggests the clinical usefulness of bestrabucil.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

D-mannose as a preservative of glucose in blood samples.

We evaluated whether any monosaccharides inhibit glycolysis in erythrocytes and discovered that D-mannose does. In the presence of D-mannose, glucose can be accurately measured by either the hexokinase procedure or the glucose oxidase procedure. In comparison studies with other glucose preservatives, we found that after 2 h at room temperature glucose decreased by 21 (SD 13) mg/L in D-mannose-treated blood, 93 (SD 10) mg/L in sodium fluoride-treated blood, 28 (SD 21) mg/L in ice-cooled blood, and 144 (SD 28) mg/L in control blood (no preservative treatment). Because D-mannose acted in the early phase of glycolysis, it was a more effective preservative than sodium fluoride; moreover, its use did not preclude measurement of sodium and potassium in the blood samples. D-Mannose did not interfere with other routine chemical tests except for the assay of creatine kinase involving coupled enzymes hexokinase/glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Creatine kinase could be correctly assayed in the presence of D-mannose by using glucokinase instead of hexokinase. D-Mannose can be used with or without anticoagulant and is compatible with most types of multi-channel automated analyzers.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1986

Intravesical chemotherapy with 4'-epi-Adriamycin in patients with superficial bladder tumors.

We evaluated the effects of 4'-epi-Adriamycin (EPI), a derivative of Adriamycin (ADR), in intravesical instillation chemotherapy. The patients received two courses of three daily instillations of 50-80 mg EPI dissolved in 30 ml physiological saline on 3 consecutive days, with an interval of 4 days between courses. Full evaluation was possible in 33 of 35 patients with superficial bladder tumors treated with EPI. Complete response was observed in 4 cases and partial response in 14 cases, giving a response rate of 55%. Side effects such as pollakiuria and pain on micturition occurred in 9 cases. EPI appears to be an effective agent for intravesical instillation chemotherapy in patients with superficial bladder tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Follow-up study of patients with vibration syndrome in Japan.

This study was performed on 187 patients with vibration syndrome treated and followed for more than five years in 10 hospitals in Japan. The subjects had disturbances of circulation and sensation in their fingers and of joint movements in their upper extremities. Most of the patients received treatment combining physical and drug therapy. Data were analyzed to determine the effective treatment period for improving the disturbances. The blanching attack Raynaud's phenomenon) and abnormal cold and tingling sensations in the fingers were significantly improved only during the first two years of treatment. A temperature test and plethysmography suggested improvement in finger circulation only during the first three years and one year of treatment, respectively. Spontaneous numbness and pain in the fingers did not improve. The pin-prick and vibratory sensations showed recovery only during the first three and two years of treatment, respectively. Lowered conduction velocities of the ulnar and median nerves improved only during the first year. Limited movements in the wrist and elbow joints did not improve at all despite long-term treatment. Similar results were seen in an overall evaluation of the data. It was concluded that there is a limitation in the treatment of disturbances related to the vibration syndrome.

Fingers↗
PubMed1986

Defibrinogating therapy for peripheral circulatory disturbance in patients with vibration syndrome.

This study examines the effects of batroxobin (a defibrinogating drug) on the peripheral circulatory disturbance of 118 patients with vibration syndrome. In 53 cases, batroxobin was intravenously administered once a day for three successive days in the order of 20, 10, and 5 batroxobin units (BU), and 5 or 10 BU were supplemented every day or every second day, respectively, for four weeks. In these cases, the blood fibrinogen and viscosity decreased. A significant decrement in the vascular resistance of the fingers also occurred after each administration. The other 65 cases were subjected to an intravenous administration of 20 BU initially and an additional 10 BU every 2 d for four weeks. For all of the 118 cases the results of skin temperature measurement, finger plethysmography, and nail compression in conjunction with cold provocation showed statistically significant improvement after the therapy. The transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen and finger blood flow measured in 22 and 27 cases, respectively, were also significantly improved. A sensation of warmth in the whole body appeared in 70.3% of the 118 cases after the therapy. The results suggest that defibrinogation by batroxobin is useful for improving the peripheral circulatory disturbance of the vibration syndrome.

Batroxobin↗