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Biomedical subjects

Y Nasu

Publications and source records attributed to Y Nasu.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Combination chemotherapy with cis-platinum and ifosfamide for hormone unresponsive prostate cancer].

PURPOSE: There is no effective therapy against hormone refractory prostate cancer. This led us to evaluate the effectiveness and toxicity of cis-platinum (CDDP) and ifosfamide (IFM) combination chemotherapy in the patients with hormone-unresponsive carcinoma of the prostate. METHODS: Patients with hormone-unresponsive prostate cancer were scheduled to receive CDDP 70 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1 and IFM 1.2 g/m2/day intravenously on day 1 through day 5 of 28-day cycle. RESULTS: Twenty seven patients with hormone unresponsive prostate cancer were enrolled onto this trial. Of these patients, seven (26%) demonstrated a partial objective response (PR), and ten (37%) a stable disease (ST). The response duration of PR cases lasted from 6 to 49 months with a median of 16 months and the response duration of PR + ST cases lasted from 3 to 36 months with a median of 10 months. Subjective improvement was obtained in 11 patients (41%). Survival duration of all cases were 4 to 89 months with a median of 23 months and probabilities of survival at 3 years and 5 years were 36% and 24%, respectively. The toxicity of this treatment was mostly mild to moderate, anemia (96%), leukocytopenia (89%), anorexia (81%), alopecia (67%), thrombocytopenia (44%), hematuria (38%), renal dysfunction (19%) and liver dysfunction (7%) were noticed. Severe toxicity was observed in two cases, one acute renal failure and one endotoxin shock. CONCLUSION: We conclude that CDDP and IFM combination chemotherapy was active regimen for hormone unresponsive prostate cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Chronic perianal pyoderma with urethrocutaneous fistula: a case report].

A 65-year-old male was hospitalized because of micturition pain and urinary oozing from several fistulas on the perineal and the left gluteal skin. Oozing had been present for about 50 years, after receiving mass resection of his left scrotum or perineum, and left orchiectomy. The main focus was on the left dorsal site of the anus. Compression around this area produced malodorous grayish pus discharge from many fistulas, although the anus was intact. Although he had histories of spinal caries and renal tuberculosis, both pus and urine cultures showed Staphylococcus spp. and no growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Urethrocystography showed urethral stenosis at bulbar urethra and leakage from a site just proximal to the stenosis. Antibiotics for tuberculosis were administrated for fear of recurrent tuberculosis for 6 months. Cystostomy formation and debridement were performed, followed by en-bloc resection and mesh-skin graft after two weeks. Internal urethrotomy was performed six months after the surgery, and subsequently cystostomy removed. After three and a half years, although there was no local recurrence and no difficulty of urination, he died of cholangio-carcinoma. There are many reports of chronic perianal pyoderma subsequent to hemorrhoid or subcutaneous abscess; however, this might be the first report on a case originating from fistulas in the urinary tract.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Elevated expression of caveolin is associated with prostate and breast cancer.

To identify genes associated with prostate cancer progression, we developed a strategy involving the use of differential display-PCR with a panel of genetically matched primary tumor- and metastasis-derived mouse prostate cancer cell lines. We isolated a cDNA fragment with homology to the mouse caveolin-1 gene. Northern blotting with this fragment revealed increased caveolin expression in metastasis-derived cell lines relative to primary tumor-derived cell lines. Western blotting with a polyclonal caveolin antibody confirmed increased caveolin protein in metastasis-derived mouse cell lines and expression in three of four human prostate cancer cell lines. Immunohistochemical analysis of a human prostate cancer cell line demonstrated a prominent granular pattern of caveolin accumulation. Subsequent analysis of mouse and human prostate specimens revealed minimal caveolin expression in normal epithelium with abundant staining of smooth muscle and endothelium. The frequency of caveolin-positive cells was increased in prostate cancer with markedly increased accumulation of caveolin and a granular staining pattern in lymph node metastatic deposits. In human breast cancer specimens, increased caveolin staining was detected in intraductal and infiltrating ductal carcinoma as well as nodal disease. Caveolin therefore appears to be associated with human prostate cancer progression and is also present in primary and metastatic human breast cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Clinical role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of prostatic cancer].

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become very important tool for diagnosis in many fields including neurology and orthopedics. In this article, the usefulness and current status of MRI in the clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer are discussed. The advantage of MRI over the other methods like ultrasound imaging and CT scan is that zonal anatomy of the prostate gland is clearly identified into peripheral, central and transition zone. Cancer in the peripheral zone is demonstrated as a low intensity lesion in T2-weighted images but cancer in other zones are difficult to be identified. Extracapsular invasion, seminal vesicle invasion and neuro-vascular invasion can be identified which is useful for the assessment of tumor extension. MRI is also useful for the detection of bone metastasis.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Studies of bronchial asthma induced by chironomid midges (Diptera) around a hypereutrophic lake in Japan.

There have been few reports on hypersensitivity to chironomid midges in bronchial asthmatic patients around the area of hypereutrophic natural lakes, which have been notorious as an environmental hazard due to the massive occurrence of adult chironomids during several periods of the year. Our study investigated IgE antibodies to chironomid midges in bronchial asthmatic patients around the Lake Suwa area in comparison with those of the Matsumoto area (control area). A total of 123 adult patients with bronchial asthma were investigated by measurement of IgE antibodies with extracts of three chironomid midges (Chironomus yoshimatsui, C. plumosus, and Tokunagayusurika akamusi), mite, and silkworm. In addition, in the allergy testing, 12 common inhalant antigens were used. Of 123 adult patients with bronchial asthma, 65 (52.8%) produced positive allergy tests. Thirty-three (50.8%) were positive to mite, 28 (43.1%) to silkworm, 11 (16.9%) to C. yoshimatsui, eight (12.3%) to C. plumosus, and three (4.6%) to T. akamusi. We compared our results with the previous reports. The number of positive tests to silkworm in the Lake Suwa area was higher than in other areas. However, C. plumosus and T. akamusi showed a lower number of positive reactions. We considered the lower positive number of C. plumosus and T. akamusi tests in the Lake Suwa area to be related to the advanced age of patients in this area. The chironomids are an important cause of asthma, together with mite and silkworm, in the Lake Suwa area, but affect old asthmatic patients less than asthmatic children.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1996

[Relationship of intracellular concentration and duration of contamination of pirarubicin and adriamycin in human bladder cancer cell lines and human bladder normal mucosa cell line].

To establish a method for reasonable clinical use of adriamycin (ADM) and pirarubicin (THP) in the intravesical chemotherapy for superficial bladder cancer, intracellular concentrations of these drugs were examined in culture cell lines (T-24, T-24/ADM and FHS736b1) with variable durations of contamination. The intracellular concentration of THP showed a plateau at 15-30 min. contamination in T-24, and in T-24/ADM, and showed the time dependence of contamination in FHS736b1, human normal bladder mucosa cell line. The intracellular concentration of ADM showed the time dependence of contamination in T-24, T-24/ADM and FHS736b1. And these concentrations of THP were 20 times higher than those of ADM. In conclusion, it seems better that THP was retained for 5-15 min. in the bladder in the intravesical chemotherapy, from the point of view of drug efficacy and preventing side effects. And it seems good that ADM was retained for more than 30 min. in the case with drug sensitive tumors.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1996

Inhibited cold-induced vasodilatation in patients with vibration-induced white finger.

We investigated cold induced vasodilatation in 37 vibration-exposed men without vibration-induced white finger (VWF) and 20 men with VWF. The left third finger was dipped into a cooling box and was cooled with cold air of 5 degrees C for 15 min. Finger skin blood flow during the cold stimulus was measured using the laser-Doppler method. We observed that cold-induced vasodilatation was inhibited in patients with VWF and the cold air test was relatively useful for diagnosis VWF.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Alpha-linolenic acid in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A double-blind, placebo-controlled and randomized study: flaxseed vs. safflower seed.

In rheumatoid arthritis various pro-inflammatory metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA), such as leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), contribute to tissue destruction and pain. In contrast to AA, which is an omega-6 fatty acid, the omega-3 fatty acids, after having been liberated from the cell membrane phospholipids, are further converted into the non- or anti-inflammatory eicosanoids LTB5 and PGI3. AA concentration is an important regulatory step in the synthesis of both prostanoids and leukotriens. Dietary supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has therefore been used to decrease the ratio of AA to EPA or DHA to obtain beneficial clinical effects. EPA and DHA are found in animal fat and are quite expensive compared to their precursor alpha-linolenic acid (alpha-LNA) found in flaxseed oil. We, therefore, performed a placebo-controlled trial with alpha-LNA in 22 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, using a linoleic acid preparation as a placebo. After a 3-month follow-up, the treatment group showed an increased bleeding time, but the clinical, subjective (global assessment, classification of functional status, joint score index, visual analogue scale, pain tenderness score) and laboratory parameters (haemoglobin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein) did not show any statistical alterations. AA, EPA and DHA did not change either in spite of a significant increase in alpha-LNA in the treatment group. Thus, 3-month's supplementation with alpha-LNA did not prove to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Drug sensitivity and expression of beta-lactamase in enterococci isolated at Okayama University Hospital].

The following results were obtained from a study of Enterococci isolated at the Okayama University Hospital from 1990 to 1994. 1) The isolation frequency of Enterococci was about 6% for each year. 2) The percentage of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) among Enterococci decreased each year, but the percentage of Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium), and Enterococcus avium (E. avium) increased each year. 3) Results of drug sensitivity tests revealed that the incidence of ofloxacin (OFLX) resistant E. faecalis and E. avium increased each year. Also, the resistance of E. faecalis to ampicillin (ABPC), the primary medication choice for treating E. faecalis, increased each year. 4) A few vancomycin (VCM) non-sensitive Enterococci were isolated. These bacteria showed low-sensitivity toward ABPC, imipenem (IPM), gentamicin (GM), and OFLX, and the extent of multiple drug resistance increased each year. 5) One hundred strains of Enterococci were selected to examine the expression of beta-lactamase using the broth method and the iodine-starch method. However, beta-lactamase producing strains were not detected.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1995

Long-term follow-up of cervical spondylotic myelopathy treated by canal-expansive laminoplasty.

We have studied 29 patients for at least five years after canal-expansive laminoplasty for cervical spondylotic myelopathy. The short- and long-term clinical results were compared, and successive radiographs assessed. The long-term clinical outcome was excellent in five patients, good in 12, fair in 11 and poor in one. The mean short- and long-term improvements were 54.4% and 48.5% but patients with focal kyphotic, kyphotic and S-shaped cervical spines did less well, as did those who had a decrease in the index of curvature of the cervical spine of more than 10 at follow-up. Canal-expansive laminoplasty with reconstitution of the posterior soft tissues may help to prevent postoperative malalignment and late neurological deterioration.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the urinary bladder with an aberrant expression of cytokeratin.

A case of inflammatory pseudotumor of the urinary bladder in a 47 year old Japanese male patient is presented. Inflammatory pseudotumor of the urinary bladder is a benign but rare proliferative lesion of the submucosal stroma, easily mistaken for a malignant neoplasm. Based on the clinical diagnosis of bladder cancer by cystoscopy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), urologists started chemotherapy before results of the histological report were available which described inflammatory pseudotumor on the biopsy. Biopsied materials showed marked proliferation of irregularly bundled spindle cells, varied in size and shape and separated in severe loose myxoid stroma with moderate infiltration of the inflammatory cells and capillary proliferations. At a glance, these findings resemble the sarcomatous pattern. However neither severe nuclear atypism nor atypical mitoses were present. Immunohistochemically, these spindle cells, which were positive for vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin, showed a diffuse aberrant expression of cytokeratin. Some of them were positive for phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin. Electron microscopy revealed only the fibroblasts. No recurrence has been observed for 10 months. These findings indicate that inflammatory pseudotumor is a benign mesenchymal lesion that must be discriminated from true sarcoma to avoid subjecting the patient to unnecessary therapy. Only careful histological examination can enable a successful diagnosis.

Granuloma, Plasma Cell↗
PubMed1994

Over-expression of metallothionein and drug-resistance in bladder cancer.

Metallothionein (MT) in tumor cells has been implicated as one of the factors involved in mechanisms of resistance to anti-cancer drugs, including cis-diaminedichroloplatinum (CDDP) and adriamycin (ADM). The relationship between the expression of MT and chemotherapy with anti-cancer drugs was studied in CDDP- and ADM-resistant human bladder cancer cell lines and tissue samples from clinical cases. In drug-resistant cell lines (T-24/ADM, CI-7/CDDP) established in our laboratory, MT expression was studied by immunohistochemistry using the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) method and radioimmunoassay (RIA), using anti-MT antibody. In addition, other potential mechanisms of drug resistance, such as P-glycoprotein expression were examined and the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) determined in these cell lines. The results of these investigations demonstrate that the expression of MT in resistant cell lines increased 2.1- and 2.5-fold when compared with parent cell lines (CI-7, T-24). GSH, GSSG and GST levels were unchanged and P-glycoprotein was not over-expressed. A total of 120 tissue samples from 35 clinical cases of bladder cancer, before and after chemotherapy, were stained for MT which was detected in 10 of the 35 cases before chemotherapy. The incidence of MT expression was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in cases with lower pathological tumor grades.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1994

Toe systolic blood pressure after local cooling in primary Raynaud's phenomenon.

First toe systolic blood pressures (FTSBP) before and after first toe cooling were measured with the laser Doppler method in 17 normal women and 10 female patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon (PRP). The room temperature was maintained at 26 degrees C. There was no significant difference in toe-arm systolic blood pressure ratio between the two groups. After toe cooling at 10 degrees C, the PRP group had a significantly greater reduction in FTSBP than the normal group. Measurement of FTSBP before and after toe cooling is a useful method for assessing Raynaud's phenomenon in the toes of patients with PRP.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Hyperthermotherapy added to the multidisciplinary therapy for penile cancer.

We performed a long-term follow-up of 4 patients with penile cancer who underwent hyperthermotherapy from August 1985 until August 1992. Hyperthermia was applied using a frequency of 350 MHz with a waveguide applicator twice a week for 60 min each for an average of 9.5 times (varying from 6 to 13 times). The total heating time that the temperature of urethra could be kept above 42 degrees C, was 166 min on the average (ranging from 0 to 463 min). Two patients classified as stage I according to the Jackson classification and 1 patient classified as stage IV underwent combined radiotherapy and received an average radiation dose of 53 Gy (range, 40-70 Gy). Among these patients 2 underwent combined chemotherapy with bleomycin or peplomycin. Malignant cells disappeared posttherapeutically and in August 1992, after an average of 5 years and 9 months (varying from 4 years 6 months to 6 years 10 months), the patients were free of recurrences. The one patient on stage IV had extensive invasion of the abdominal wall, but still recovered completely. One patient on stage III underwent combined chemotherapy and hyperthermotherapy, but heating had obviously been insufficient. There was a residue of malignant cells after the treatment and we performed a penectomy. Regarding functional preservation of the penis a multidisciplinary therapy incorporating hyperthermotherapy can be expected to increase the curativity. This indicates that it could induce in an advanced case, where an operation would be difficult, complete remission.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Tissue concentration of intravesically instilled (2"R)-4'-o-tetrahydropyranyl-adriamycin or adriamycin in superficial bladder cancer].

Twenty-one patients with superficial bladder cancer entered an analysis of single dose (2'R)-4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP) or adriamycin (ADM) administration. The patients in each group that have been or not have been treated previously with anti-cancer drugs were randomized into two groups, one was given THP and the other ADM. Thirty-mg of THP or ADM dissolved in 30 ml of physiologic saline was instilled into the bladder, and retained for 1 hour. After 1 hour retention of the drugs, tumor tissues and normal mucosas were removed by punch biopsy forceps transurethrally. The tissue concentrations of THP and ADM were estimated by high performance liquid chromatography. The tissue concentrations of THP and ADM in the tumors were significantly greater (p < 0.05) than those in the normal bladder mucosas. The tissue concentration of THP in the tumors were greater than that of ADM. The tissue concentrations of THP and ADM in the tumor of patients who have been treated with anti-cancer drugs previously were less than those of patients who have not. This results demonstrated that prior therapy with anti-cancer drug may cause a resistance for intravesical instillation chemotherapy. However in patients with prior therapy, the tissue concentration of THP in the tumors were greater than that of ADM. Based on these findings, THP has been shown to be were effective as an intravesical instillating agent especially, in cases with prior chemotherapy.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1993

[Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in a patient with hemophilia B].

We report a successful treatment of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) on a renal stone in a patient with severe hemophilia B. The patient was 44 years old man who had suffered left flank colicky pain with gross hematuria. A radiographic study showed a left renal stone, 22 x 14 mm in size. Before treatment, the intravenous administration of 1,000 U of the missing factor IX was tried, which induced the recovery of the prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times to the normal levels. One thousand units of factor IX were infused 30 minute before ESWL and 2,363 shock waves (Dornier MPL-9000) were administered at 17 kV under intravenous anesthesia by pentazocine. After the treatment, ultrasound and CT did not detect any perirenal hematoma. Antihemophilic therapy was continued with 1,000 U of factor IX per 12 hours for 2 days, 1,000 U per 24 hours for the succeeding 8 days and 500 U per 24 hours for the last 7 days. Gross hematuria disappeared on the 3rd day. We could successfully treat a renal stone in a patient with hemophilia.

Adult↗