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Biomedical subjects

Y Nara

Publications and source records attributed to Y Nara.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

C1 inhibitor deficiency simulating systemic lupus erythematosus.

A 48-year-old Japanese woman with systemic lupus erythematosus-like lesions of the skin and lips was found to have hereditary angio-oedema. Complement studies revealed low CH50, C1q, C4 and C1 inhibitor levels, with normal C3 and C5 levels. Dramatic clinical improvement followed fresh normal human blood transfusion and systemic betamethasone administration, while the deficient complement component levels were unchanged.

Angioedema↗
PubMed1982

Cholesterol and bile acid metabolism in hypertensive arteriolipidosis-prone rats (ALR).

Bile flow and biliary bile acids were analyzed in arteriolipidosis-prone rats (ALR), the hypertensive model for lipidemic arterial lesions with reactive hypercholesterolemia and compared to those in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). Bile flow and bile acid secretion decreased in the order of WKY, SHR and ALR. When labelled cholesterol was given intraperitoneally, the biliary radioactivity secretion was significantly slow in ALR in comparison with that in WKY. The decay of radioactive cholesterol in serum after the injection was also delayed in ALR. Our data suggest that the abnormality in bile flow, biliary bile acid secretion and/or cholesterol turnover to bile acids may be pathogenically related to reactive hypercholesterolemia noted in the ALR.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Symptomatological classification in the development of stroke in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The developmental course of cerebrovascular diseases was examined by comparative neurological and pathological studies in stroke-prone SHR (SHRSP) which died spontaneously or were sacrificed. Behavioral status during their life span could be simply divided into 4 patterns, i.e., "no abnormalities", "irritable", "lethergic" and "akinetic" named Grades 0, I, II and III, respectively (Yamori's Classification). Grades I, II and III of behavioral status corresponded well to symptomato-pathoanatomically divided 3 stages (relating to brain edema), i.e., Stages I, II and III, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Dietary risk factors of stroke and hypertension in Japan -- Part 1: Methodological assessment of urinalysis for dietary salt and protein intakes.

In our attempt to design a method which would be more reliable than dietary survey interviews when estimating salt and protein intakes in a population survey, a urinalysis-related study was done on volunteers. Urinary sodium (Na), urea nitrogen (UN) and inorganic sulfate (SO4), all indices of dietary salt, protein and sulfoamino acids, respectively, were confirmed to reflect the nutritional condition. Interaction between salt and protein was not observed at least at the dietary levels used in the present study (for salt, 0.33 and 0.1 g/kg body weight/day; for protein, 1.6 and 0.7 g/kg body weight/day). Excretion of components was delayed several days or more after dietary ingestion, and nutritional estimation by urinalysis, therefore, may not be so much affected by daily variables in the diet intake. Further, partial urine samples proved to have a highly significant correlation with 24-hour (hr) urine, as for urinary Na, potassium (K), SO4, UN and their creatinine (Cr) ratios, thus indicating the availability of partial urine samples as substitutes for 24-hr urine specimens. Thus, urinalysis is a more readily facilitated, more scientific and more quantitative method for epidemiological nutritional surveys.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Dietary risk factors of stroke and hypertension in Japan -- Part 2: Validity of urinalysis for dietary salt and protein intakes under a field condition.

Utility of urinalysis as a method for estimating dietary salt and protein intakes was examined in volunteers from farming and fishing villages in Japan and the data was compared to findings in a survey on diets. We found that partial urine samples and even a fasting single spot urine in the a.m. could serve as valid substitutes for 24-hour (hr) urine collections. Further, significant correlations were obtained between levels of salt in the diet estimated by survey interviews and urinary sodium (Na) and between interview-estimated dietary total or animal protein and urinary inorganic sulfate (SO4). In comparative studies between farming and fishing villages, almost the same findings, higher salt in a farming village and higher animal protein in a fishing village, were obtained in the urinalysis and the survey on diets. These findings clearly indicate that urinalysis, as a method for estimating dietary salt and protein intake in population surveys, has distinct advantages.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Dietary risk factors of stroke and hypertension in Japan -- Part 3: Comparative study on risk factors between farming and fishing villages in japan.

General medical examinations were performed in two rural areas of Shimane Prefecture in Japan, one was a farming village and the other a fishing village where incidences of death due to stroke differed, higher in the former and lower in the latter. Comparisons were made on salt and protein intake by analyzing the fasting single spot urine collected in the morning and by blood tests. Urine samples were analyzed for sodium (Na), potassium (K), urea nitrogen (UN), inorganic sulfate (SO4) and creatinine (Cr) and blood samples for cholesterol (Chl), triglyceride (TG), hematocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb). Blood pressure, Na/Cr, Na/K and Ht were higher in the farming village and K/Cr, UN/Cr, SO4/Cr, SO4/UN, Chl and TG were higher in the fishing village. These findings indicate the higher salt intake and lower intake of K, animal protein and fat in the farming village. This typical dietary pattern of the Japanese may explain the higher incidence of hypertension and stroke in the farming village.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Mechanisms of structural vascular changes in genetic hypertension: analyses on cultured vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats.

1. The basic mechanism underlying the structural vascular changes occurring in hypertension was studied in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells (SMC) obtained by an explant method from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and stroke-prone SHR (SHRSP) and compared with that in normotensive Wistar--Kyoto (WKY) rats. 2. The growth rate of SMC from SHR and SHRSP at the age of 2.5--11 months was greater than that of SMC from WKY rats even after repeated passages. 3. [3H]Thymidine and [14C]leucine incorporation, and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity of SMC were increased in SHR and SHRSP in comparison with WKY rats. 4. The application of isoprenaline but not noradrenaline to the culture media increased ODC activity acutely in SMC from WKY rats and this increase was blocked by propranolol. 5. These results indicate that SMC from SHR and SHRSP are more prone to proliferate than those from WKY rats and that a beta-adrenergic neurohumoral mechanism accelerates SMC growth independently of blood pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Mechanism of hypercholesterolemia in arteriolipidosis-prone rats (ALR).

The cholesterol metabolism of a newly established model for atherogenesis, named arteriolipidosis-prone rats (ALR), selected from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), was investigated in comparison with a substrain of SHR (B) (nonarteriolipidosis-prone rats) and the normotensive control. Wistar-Kyoto (WK) rats. Serum cholesterol of ALR was significantly lower than that of WK. Uptake of labelled serum cholesterol by the isolated liver cells at 37 degrees C was higher in ALR than in WK. The data for SHR (B) fell in between these two. On the other hand, on feeding a cholesterol diet, serum cholesterol increased in the order WK, SHR (B) and ALR, with the highest being ALR. The absorption of cholesterol in ALR was about twice as great as in WK and SHR (B).

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Genetic markers in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Establishment of various models for hypertensive diseases such as spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and stroke-prone SHR (SHRSP) clarified the importance of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of these diseases and further accelerated studies on their genetic mechanisms. Although various biochemical abnormalities have been detected and can be used as biochemical markers in these models, they have not been always closely related to blood pressure in F2 generation obtained by cross breeding between SHR and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. Recent studies indicate that biomembrane abnormalities detected in erythrocytes and other membranes of SHR and SHRSP may not only be biochemical markers but also related to the pathogenesis of hypertensive diseases.

Animals↗