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Biomedical subjects

Y Nakane

Publications and source records attributed to Y Nakane.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Length of the antral segment in pylorus-preserving gastrectomy.

BACKGROUND: Pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (PPG) has the advantages of preventing dumping syndrome and duodenogastric reflux. However, time was required to reduce symptoms of gastric fullness or to improve food intake after surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the length of the retained antral segment influenced the postoperative symptoms in patients who underwent PPG. METHODS: Thirty patients with early gastric cancer who underwent PPG were divided into two groups according to the length of the retained antrum. In group 1 (n = 20) the transection was 1.5 cm and in group 2 (n = 10) it was 2.5 cm proximal to the oral edge of the pyloric ring. The subjects were interviewed and examined periodically to assess symptoms, food intake, body-weight and serum nutritional variables. Endoscopy and a radioisotope gastric emptying test were performed 1 year after the operation. RESULTS: In group 1 gastric fullness after meals was common, resulting in poor food intake and poor recovery of body-weight. A high incidence of food residue in the remnant stomach was found in group 1. With regard to gastric emptying, seven of 20 patients in group 1 and one of ten in group 2 had a delayed emptying curve 1 year after operation. CONCLUSION: Group 2 was superior to group 1 in terms of postprandial symptoms, food intake, recovery of body-weight and gastric emptying. The length of the retained antrum may play an important role in the motility of the pyloric ring following PPG.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Histopathological grading does not affect survival after R0 surgery for gastric cancer.

AIM: It is unclear whether Histopathological Grading (UICC, TNM Classification) affects survival after resection for gastric cancer. METHODS: To investigate the prognostic significance of Histopathological Grading after gastrectomy, 1455 patients who underwent gastric resection for gastric adenocarcinoma were reviewed. RESULTS: The R0 (UICC, R Classification) resection rate was inversely correlated with the grade (86.5% for Grade 1, 79.7% for Grade 2 and 69.2% for Grade 3) and the R1 and R2 resection rates increased with the grade. The Histopathological Grading did not influence survival in the 1119 patients who underwent R0 resection (71.0% for Grade 1, 65.7% for Grade 2 and 66.7% for Grade 3). When multivariate analysis was performed for the 1119 cases undergoing R0 resection, the Histopathological Grading was not a determinant prognostic factor. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the UICC Histopathological Grading affects R0 resection rates, but does not affect survival independently.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2002

Characteristic response of plastic track detectors to 40-80 MeV neutrons.

This paper investigates the characteristic response of plastic track detectors to high-energy neutrons. Three types of plastic nuclear track detector (PNTD), Baryotrak made of pure CR-39, TD-1 made of CR-39 containing an antioxidant and TNF-1 made of a copolymer of CR-39/N-isopropylacrylamide, were exposed in quasi-monoenergetic neutron fields generated by p-Li reactions. The total efficiencies for TD-1 and TNF-1 were more than double and triple that of Baryotrak respectively. In addition, the species of particles were classitied into three groups, i.e. proton relatives, alpha particles and heavy ions, by analysing the etch-pit growth curve obtained by step-by-step etching. In a 65 MeV neutron field about half of the tracks recorded in pure CR-39 were due to heavy ions, whereas the TNF-1 detector could effectively register the protons, accounting for 70% of the tracks. The results could be explained by the difference in the sensitivity to high-energy protons.

Aircraft↗
PubMed2002

Measurement of lineal-energy distributions for neutrons of 8 keV to 65 MeV by using a tissue-equivalent proportional counter.

The lineal-energy spectra for monoenergetic and quasi-monoenergetic neutrons of 8 keV to 65 MeV were obtained using a tissue-equivalent proportional counter (TEPC). The frequency-mean lineal energy, the dose-average lineal energy and mean quality factor were estimated from the measured data. The neutron absorbed doses obtained with this TEPC were compared with the kerma coefticient for A-150 plastic defined by ICRP 26 and the mean quality factors were compared with the data of ICRP 74. respectively. These comparisons indicated good agreement between them.

Alpha Particles↗
PubMed2001

Billroth I gastrectomy using a circular stapler to treat gastric cancer.

We describe herein our technique of performing gastrectomy followed by side-to-end gastroduodenostomy. Because the clamp is removed at the resection line of the greater curvature, there is no need to perform an additional gastrotomy for insertion of the instrument. This feature differentiates our technique from previous methods of anastomosis using the circular stapler. We believe that our technique is superior in simplicity and security to the traditional hand-sewn anastomosis. Moreover, it allows for a shorter operative time. This technique is recommended for practical surgery over conventional techniques.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed2001

An experimental study on radiation streaming through a labyrinth in a proton accelerator facility of intermediate energy.

A radiation streaming experiment has been carried out at the Takasaki Ion Accelerator Facility for Advanced Radiation Application at the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute in a room housing a Cu target irradiated with 68 MeV protons and in a labyrinth of three-legs having a total length of 29 m. In the experiment, neutron and gamma ray energy spectra, neutron reaction rates, and neutron and gamma ray dose equivalent rates were measured using various counters and dosimeters. The experimental data show the applicability of some empirical formulas for estimating the thermal neutron flux in a room and neutrons streaming in a labyrinth designed for a proton accelerator operating in the intermediate energy region. The data suggest that it is mandatory to estimate the gamma ray dose equivalent rate in a labyrinth, which is dominated by the secondary gamma rays due to the neutron capture reaction.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed2001

Lack of association between the hKCa3 gene and Japanese schizophrenia patients.

Several researchers have suggested an association between large numbers of CAG repeats in the hKCa3 gene and schizophrenia. However, these reports remain inconclusive and require further investigation. We tried to replicate these results in 112 Japanese schizophrenia patients and 102 control subjects of highly matched age and sex by applying an allele dichotomization model. No association was found. The overall distributions of allele frequencies were not significantly different between schizophrenic patients and normal control subjects. In addition, we tested the association between the size of the CAG repeats and the scores on three dimensions (positive and negative symptoms, and disorganization), but no significant results were obtained. Our results do not support the involvement of the hKCa3 gene in schizophrenia, at least in the Japanese population.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Comparison of in-phantom dose distributions for coronary angiography using an x-ray machine and synchrotron radiation.

Coronary cineangiography using synchrotron radiation is anticipated, owing to the high intensity and availability of monoenergy. To investigate allowable dose levels in clinical application, absorbed dose distribution in a tissue substitute phantom for a conventional x-ray machine was measured with thermoluminescent dosimeters at the University of Tsukuba under the practical conditions used for digital angiography. The dose rate at a 0.5-cm depth was 0.145 Gy/s, and the dose per frame was 0.725 mGy for the irradiation period of 5 ms per frame. For synchrotron radiation, the dose distribution measurement was made at a 5-GeV AR (Accumulation Ring) of the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, in which a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) phantom was irradiated with the strongest beam available at the facility, which was 33.32 keV, 5.2 x 6.2 cm2 beam. Using this beam, a 1-mm-diameter coronary artery has been visualized at 1% iodine concentration at the AR. Nonhomogeneous strength distribution in the beam was observed in the vertical direction. The maximum dose rate was 0.556 Gy/s, and it attenuated to 1/3000 at a 30-cm depth in the beam center. At the deep positions, the doses were influenced by the high harmonics, which was confirmed with an EGS4 Monte Carlo calculation. Outside the beam, beam contamination on both sides of the main beam affected the doses. For comparison to the x-ray machine, the measured dose was analytically converted to that needed for a 5.2 x 16 cm2 beam that is used for clinical application. The dose rate at 0.5-cm depth was found to be 0.215 Gy/s, which is 1.48 times larger than that for x-rays. Moreover, the attenuation rate in the phantom was significantly greater than that of the x-ray machine, because of the difference of the energy spectra between the x-rays and synchrotron radiation used.

Biophysical Phenomena↗
PubMed2001

Recovery from psychotic illness: a 15- and 25-year international follow-up study.

BACKGROUND: Poorly defined cohorts and weak study designs have hampered cross-cultural comparisons of course and outcome in schizophrenia. AIMS: To describe long-term outcome in 18 diverse treated incidence and prevalence cohorts. To compare mortality, 15- and 25-year illness trajectory and the predictive strength of selected baseline and short-term course variables. METHODS: Historic prospective study. Standardised assessments of course and outcome. RESULTS: About 75% traced. About 50% of surviving cases had favourable outcomes, but there was marked heterogeneity across geographic centres. In regression models, early (2-year) course patterns were the strongest predictor of 15-year outcome, but recovery varied by location; 16% of early unremitting cases achieved late-phase recovery. CONCLUSIONS: A significant proportion of treated incident cases of schizophrenia achieve favourable long-term outcome. Sociocultural conditions appear to modify long-term course. Early intervention programmes focused on social as well as pharmacological treatments may realise longer-term gains.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[The concept of mood disorder in ICD-10].

The classification of 'Manic-depressive illness(MDI)' has been changing in this several years greatly. MDI is recently named as a 'mood(affective) disorder' according to the ICD and DSM diagnostic system. Since 1990, with ICD-10(WHO), and 1994, with DSM-IV(APA), practitioners have had at their disposal two(practically compatible) classifications of mental disorders containing operational criteria for diagnosis, and helpful in guiding clinical and therapeutic approach. In ICD-10, mood disorder belongs to the F3 category, and there are seven subcategories which were divided in to subclasses. The two other subclasses of 'F06.3 organic mood disorder' 'F41.2 mixed anxiety and depressive disorders' were set up additionally.

Humans↗
PubMed2001

[Schizophrenia].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Characterization of a zinc finger protein ZAN75: nuclear localization signal, transcriptional activator activity, and expression during neuronal differentiation of P19 cells.

The ZAN75 cDNA was first identified in NIH 3T3 cells and codes for a DNA-binding protein with two zinc finger motifs. In this study, we characterized the nuclear localization signal of ZAN75, tested if ZAN75 regulates transcription, and examined its expression during embryonic development and neuronal differentiation of P19 mouse embryonal carcinoma cells. By examining the cellular localization of deletion mutants of ZAN75 fused to green fluorescence protein, ZAN75 was revealed to have a bipartite nuclear localization signal sequence upstream of the zinc finger domains. The N-terminal region of ZAN75, when fused to the GAL4 DNA-binding domain, strongly activated transcription. The expression of ZAN75 mRNA was found to be developmentally regulated, showing the highest expression in E11.5 embryos. In situ hybridization experiments using E11.5 embryos showed a high expression of the transcripts in neuronal tissues such as brain and neural tube. The expression of ZAN75 was transiently increased at both the mRNA and the protein levels when P19 cells were treated with retinoic acid to induce neuronal differentiation. Taken together, these results indicate that ZAN75 is a transcriptional activator with a bipartite nuclear localization signal and may play a role in neuronal differentiation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗