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Biomedical subjects

Y Najean

Publications and source records attributed to Y Najean.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Platelet kinetics in human immunodeficiency virus induced thrombocytopenia.

A platelet kinetic study was performed in 34 patients (33 homosexuals and/or drug addicts) with (in most of them) severe and isolated thrombocytopenia and human immunodeficiency virus positive serological tests. The reported data indicate that the thrombocytopenia is due to an extracorpuscular hyperdestruction. The sequestration of the labeled platelets is exclusively splenic in most of the cases. Splenectomy was successful in the ten cases in which it was done; however, corticoids showed no or low effect, and Ig-G infusion had only a temporary efficacy.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

The iatrogenic leukaemias induced by radio- and/or chemotherapy.

A short review, limited to recently published series of data, has been compiled on the 'therapy-induced' secondary malignancies. Their frequency, peak of incidence, haematological and clinical criteria, the influence of age, treated primary disease, choice of drug(s) and modality of prescription and the role of genetic and environmental factors are analyzed. The risk varies between 0.6 and 20.5% after different treatment forms. Some suggestions for the choice of treatment of chronic malignant disorders, and for the design of future epidemiological studies are given.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1987

Polycythaemia vera in young people: an analysis of 58 cases diagnosed before 40 years.

Over 20 years, 58 cases of PV in young people (46 meeting the full PVSG criteria, 12 with elevated red cell volume and leucocytosis or thrombocytosis, without splenomegaly) were studied and have been followed for periods of 3-24 years. These cases represent approximately 5% of the cases of PV referred to the Department of Nuclear Medicine of St Louis Hospital during this period. They differ from older patients in the initial clinical severity, the short interval between the first symptoms and the diagnosis, frequent presentation with a life-threatening complication (two cases of hepatic vein thrombosis, six thrombotic or haemorrhagic events, six splenectomies, two abortions) and a very enlarged spleen in half the cases. However, after the initial complications, the overall survival is very long (exceeding 70%, even when including the initial complications, at 15 years). The vascular accidents occur exclusively in the phlebotomized patients, the main risk factor being the poor stability of the haematocrit. Only one acute leukaemia was observed among the 14 cases treated by radioactive phosphorus and/or alkylating chemotherapy. The most frequent late complication was evolution towards myelofibrosis. This spent phase seemed to occur earlier in patients treated by phlebotomy. On the basis of this data, we would advise the following therapeutic strategy: phlebotomies, as soon as the diagnosis is established, and a systematic long-term treatment by hydroxyurea with the hope of reducing the number of vascular complications and of delaying the evolution towards the spent phase and the myelofibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Present results of the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes with low-dose cytosine arabinoside. Preliminary results of a cooperative protocol (38 patients) and review of the literature.

In vitro differentiating agents causing little bone marrow aplasia have been proposed as a specific therapy of myelodysplastic syndromes with excess of blasts. A critical review of the published data is presented. The preliminary results of a cooperative protocol using very low dosage of cytosine arabinoside (3mg/m2/twice daily) with or without androgens are given.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical value of determining the amino terminal fragment of procollagen III in myeloproliferative disorders].

The amino-terminal fragment of procollagen III was assayed by RIA in 186 patients with myeloproliferative disorders, at intervals of 6 to 24 months. The present results suggest that this assay may be useful for discriminating primary and secondary erythrocytosis, for evaluating the evolution of polycythemia vera towards spent phase and/or myelofibrosis, and for estimating the degree of myelofibrosis in patients with myeloid metaplasia of the spleen. However the methodology of the assay still needs technical improvements. An assay of procollagen I is needed. Excessive values of serum procollagen III may be due to hepatic or pulmonary fibrosis. Finally we don't have as yet a follow-up delay long enough to ascertain the prognostic value of the assay in polycythemia vera and in primary myelofibrosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[Monoclonal anti-prostatic acid phosphatase antibodies (production and characterization)].

5 monoclonal antibodies have been produced by Köhler and Milstein. The production and the characteristics of the monoclonal antibodies are presented. They are all IgG1 and have high specificity against prostatic cells producing prostatic acid phosphatase. These monoclonal antibodies can be used to perform immunoscintigraphies and immunolymphoscintigraphies to titrate prostatic acid phosphatase serum levels and to identify the prostatic origin of a tumor.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

[Mechanisms of cytopenia in chronic lymphoid leukemia: significance for prognosis].

From a retrospective analysis of 117 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with anemia and/or thrombocytopenia studied by isotopic methods to determine the mechanism(s) of cytopenia, the following conclusions could be drawn: peripheral hyperdestruction is the only or main cause in 60% of the thrombocytopenias and in 30% of anemias; the prognosis (survival at three years) is significantly better in patients with hyperdestruction than in those with cytopenia due to cell production defect; the choice of therapy should be guided by the mechanism of cytopenia. An analysis of the mechanism of anemia and thrombocytopenia should therefore be included in prospective protocols, and the therapy protocol design should be modified according to this mechanism.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Kinetics of indium-oxine labelled red cells in haemolytic anaemias.

Indium-labelling of red cells is hampered by its high elution rate and short physical half-life. From a study of 23 pathological cases, it is demonstrated that the simultaneous study of 111In- and 51Cr-labelled red cells could only be useful in haemolytic anaemias in which the mechanisms (corpuscular or extra-corpuscular) of the cell destruction is in question.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗
PubMed1986

Type III aminoterminal propeptide of procollagen in some haematological malignancies.

Marrow fibrosis is involved in some haematological malignancies. Either because of sampling errors, variations of focal distribution of fibrosis or the discomfort for patients of bone biopsies, conventional histology appears to be unsuitable for the follow-up of myelofibrosis. During collagen synthesis by marrow fibroblasts, the aminoterminal propeptide is removed from procollagen III and released in the serum. Thus, a sensitive radioimmunoassay of type III aminoterminal propeptide of procollagen (PC III) has been tested in myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders with a marked bone marrow fibrosis. In polycythaemia vera, PC III level was significantly increased as compared to controls and was related to marrow fibrosis of grade I. The more increased PC III values were observed in spent polycythaemia cases initially treated by phlebotomy alone. Follow-up showed a transformation into myeloid metaplasia. In contrast, PC III remained stable in patients treated with radiophosphorus 32P or hydroxyurea who did not transform. In myeloid metaplasia, results of PC III were significantly higher than in controls or polycythaemia vera cases. Myelofibrosis of recent onset (less than 2 years) gave higher values than chronic myelofibrosis. Increased PC III values were also emphasized in chronic myelocytic leukaemia, and in a few cases of refractory anaemia with excess of blasts, hairy cell leukaemia and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1986

The choice of treatment in polycythaemia vera.

The current results of prospective protocols initiated by the Polycythaemia Vera Study Group are presented. These results help to define the best choice of treatment in accordance with the risk factors.

Bloodletting↗