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Biomedical subjects

Y Nagashima

Publications and source records attributed to Y Nagashima.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Deodorization of laboratory animal facilities by ozone.

Deodorizing effect of ozone was investigated comparing two types of compact ozonizing apparatus made on an experimental basis. The concentrations of ammonia and trimethylamine were examined as an indicator for deodorizing effect of ozone in animal rooms of rats and guinea pigs at laboratory animal facilities of three different universities. Both of the ozonizing apparatus were able to remove ammonia and trimethylamine in animal rooms, with no significant difference in the performance of the two apparatus.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1995

Effects of fasting and refeeding on some metabolic characteristics of rat brown adipose tissue.

To investigate the effects of fasting and refeeding on rat interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT), we determined in vitro oxygen consumption, in vitro lipolysis, DNA content and composition of fatty acid (FA). Fasting decreased the weights of body and BAT, and the DNA content of BAT. Fasting reduced both basal oxygen consumption and basal lipolysis of BAT. Fasting also suppressed the noradrenaline- and glucagon-induced increases in both oxygen consumption and lipolysis of BAT. In both triglyceride and phospholipid FA of BAT the extent of unsaturation was increased by fasting. Refeeding restored all of these parameters to the control level. These observations indicate that fasting reduces both oxygen consumption and lipolysis of BAT, resulting in reduced thermogenesis, while fasting could stimulate BAT in certain phases of its function as observed in FA composition.

Adipose Tissue, Brown↗
PubMed1995

Immunocytochemical localization of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER & PgR) in breast cancer.

The localization of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PgR) in human breast cancer was examined light and electron microscopically by using specific monoclonal antibodies. Among the breast cancer patients, ER-positive (ER[+]) cases were shown by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to account for 58.9% (63/107), and 63.5% of these cases were women in the postmenopausal state. The PgR-positive (PgR[+]) rate was 50.5% (54/107), with 44.4% of these positive cases being postmenopausal women. The rates of ER(+) and PgR(+), ER negative (ER[-]) and PgR negative (PgR[-]), and ER(+) and PgR(-) cases were 43.9% (47/107), 34.6% (37/107) and 15.0% (16/107), respectively. Although ER(-) and PgR(+) cases were in few number, they were found (6.5%, 7/107). These results correlated well with those obtained by the immunocytochemical method. In either case, i.e anti-ER or anti-PgR reaction, positive nuclei and negative nuclei were found intermingled with each other in a given visual field. In electron microscopy, both anti-ER and anti-PgR antibodies bound to sites in the euchromatin area of the nucleus.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1995

[Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung with high CT number, but without calcification].

Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung was diagnosed in a 64-year-old man. Chest roentgenographic and tomographic examinations did not show areas of high-density in the tumor, but chest CT scan showed diffuse, scattered, high-density nodules in the tumor. Histologic examination did not show calcification, and calcium staining (Kossa method) was negative. Examination of the thin-slice CT, the soft X-ray film, and the resected slice of the lung indicated that the high-density nodules seen in the tumor on the chest CT scan corresponded to markedly fibrotic lesions with severe anthracosis. This case shows that high-density areas on a CT scan may reflect non-calcified lesions.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1995

[Pulmonary malignant lymphoma associated with bilateral diffuse linear, reticular, and consolidated shadows].

A 72-year-old asymptomatic man was admitted to our hospital with abnormal chest radiographic findings: bilateral diffuse linear, reticular, and consolidated shadows. Malignant lymphoma (diffuse small-cell B-cell lymphoma) was diagnosed histologically after an open lung biopsy and was confirmed by a genetic examination. The lymphoma cells had infiltrated widely in various regions of the lung, including the alveolar spaces and walls, the bronchial and vascular spaces, and the pleura. This diffusion of the lymphoma cells might have accounted for the chest X-ray findings. Malignant pulmonary lymphoma should be included in the differential diagnosis patients with diffuse linear, reticular, and consolidated shadows on chest X-ray films.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[A case of thymic carcinoma successfully controlled by combined chemotherapy and irradiation].

There is no well established therapeutic protocol for advanced thymic carcinoma, although chemotherapy and irradiation can apparently be used to control the malignancy. Here we report a case of advanced thymic carcinoma successfully controlled by combination of treatment with systemic chemotherapy and irradiation. A 79-year-old man was admitted to the Hiratsuka Kyosai Hospital with complaints of productive cough and dyspnea. Chest roentgenogram and computerized tomography on admission revealed a tumorous lesion in the anterior mediastinum and on accumulation of left pleural and pericardial effusion fluid. The tumor was diagnosed as a thymic squamous cell carcinoma, after percutaneous needle biopsy. Because of extension to the left pleura and cardiac sac, the tumor was considered to be unresectable and systemic chemotherapy (CDDP + VDS + MMC) was begun. After drainage of the pericardial effusion fluid, intrapericardial injection of MMC was also done. The anterior mediastinum was irradiated. The patient has been doing well, with regression of the thymic tumor for 48 months after irradiation. This case provides important information that can be used to establish an effective therapeutic regimen for advanced thymic carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Identification of one- and two-chain forms of trypsinogen 1 produced by a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line.

It has previously been reported that two kinds of human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines (STKM-1 and MKN28) secrete a trypsin-like enzyme. In this study, four molecular forms of the enzyme (26, 25, 24 and 23 kDa on non-reducing SDS/PAGE) were purified from the serum-free conditioned medium of STKM-1 cells. Analysis of N-terminal amino acid sequences showed that the 26 kDa protein was a two-chain form of trypsinogen 1 which had been produced by proteolytic cleavage of the Arg107-Val108 bond of trypsinogen 1, and the 24 kDa protein was the one-chain form of trypsinogen 1. The 25 and 23 kDa proteins were the activated forms of the two-chain and one-chain trypsinogen 1 respectively. Isoelectric focusing gave pI values of 6.3 and 6.6 for the 26 kDa two-chain form and the 24 kDa one-chain form of trypsinogen 1 respectively. Comparison of the proteolytic activities indicated that the one-chain trypsin 1 had amidolytic activity about four times higher than that of the two-chain enzyme.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Frequent somatic mutations and loss of heterozygosity of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene in primary human renal cell carcinomas.

We analyzed 47 primary sporadic human renal cell carcinomas (39 clear cell and 8 non-clear cell) for mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene using the polymerase chain reaction and single strand conformational polymorphism analysis of DNA. All of the positive cases in single strand conformational polymorphism analyses were further characterized by direct sequencing. Somatic mutations were detected in 22 (56%) of 39 clear cell renal carcinomas including 15 deletions, 3 insertions, 3 missense mutations, and 1 nonsense mutation. Nineteen of these mutations predicted to produce truncation of the VHL protein. These mutations mainly occurred in the last one-third region of exons 1, 2, and 3. In addition, loss of heterozygosity of the VHL gene was observed in 16 (84%) of 19 informative clear cell renal carcinomas. No somatic mutations were detected in 8 non-clear cell carcinomas. These results show that the VHL tumor suppressor gene is one of the major tumor suppressor genes in human renal cell carcinomas, especially in the clear cell subtype renal cell carcinoma. Clear cell carcinoma might be distinguished from other pathological types of renal cell carcinomas by molecular genetic techniques.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Establishment and characterization of a malignant melanoma cell line (YP-MEL) derived from a patient with neurocutaneous melanosis.

A cell line, YP-MEL, was established from an intracranial malignant melanoma occurring in a neurocutaneous melanosis (NCMsis) patient. The established cell line was successfully cultured in serum-free medium with a doubling time of 41 h. The cells were refractile and small in size, with occasional pigmented giant cells. Histochemical and immunohistochemical features were compatible with common malignant melanoma and its cell line. Chromosome analysis revealed many supernumerary chromosomes and marker chromosomes including double minutes (DMs). When transplanted into nude mice, YP-MEL formed tumors histologically consistent with the original tumor. Addition of sera to the medium caused cellular spreading and elongation of cytoplasmic processes with an increase of melanin contents and tyrosinase activity. Because there was no melanoma cell line derived from a NCMsis patient, YP-MEL might be a beneficial tool for study on NCMsis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1994

Establishment of three rat soft tissue tumor cell lines with different degrees of myogenic differentiation.

Soft tissue malignancies often show divergent differentiation, including myogenic lineage. Five rat tumors induced with 20-hydroxymethylcholanthrene (20-OH-MCA), were cultured in vitro, and three cell lines (YMC-1, YMC-2, YMC-3) were established from them. YMC-2 and -3 cells were spindle-shaped, and YMS-1 cells round and epithelioid. In confluency, YMC-3 cells formed myotubes. The nude mouse xenotransplants showed morphological features consistent with their myogenic phenotypes. Muscle-specific enzyme activities were highest in YMC-3 cells. These lines may be useful in the investigation of the myogenic differentiation of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Purification and properties of six aldo-keto reductases from rat adrenal gland.

Six aldo-keto reductases from rat adrenal gland have been highly purified to apparent homogeneity. These enzymes were identified as carbonyl reductases (CR-K1, CR-K2, CR-A, and CR-B), aldehyde reductase (AR-H), and aldose reductase (AR-L) in terms of substrate specificity, molecular weight (33,000-39,000), inhibitor susceptibility, cofactor requirement, and immunochemical properties. Both CR-K1 and CR-K2 were characterized as possessing high affinity towards 13,14-dihydro-15-ketoprostaglandin F2 alpha and were localized immunohistochemically in the zona glomerulosa and the zona reticularis of adrenal cortex, and in the ganglion cell of adrenal medulla. Immunoreactive proteins to anti-CR-K2 antibody were observed in male and female reproductive tissues of rats. Positive immunoreactive protein to anti-CR-A antibody was found in mouse, hamster, and rabbit adrenal gland, whereas that to anti-CR-K2 antibody was present only in rat adrenal gland. AR-H and AR-L mainly reduced aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes. All the aldo-keto reductases from rat adrenal gland were completely inhibited by p-chloromercuribenzoate. Barbiturate and 3,3'-tetramethylene glutarate potently inhibited AR-H, and quercitrin significantly decreased the activity of CR-K1, CR-K2, and AR-L. We propose that these aldo-keto reductases may play important roles in the rat adrenal functions.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1994

Adamantinoma of the rib metastasizing to the liver.

Adamantinoma is a rare bone tumor, most of which originates in the long bone. Here, we present a case of adamantinoma of the rib with liver metastasis. The patient, a 69-year-old man, complained of dull chest pain for over 6 months. Chest X-ray and CT film revealed osteolytic mass of the right 7th rib. Under the clinical diagnosis of hepatic tumor with rib metastasis, resection of the rib and partial hepatectomy were performed. Pathologically, the bone tumor was diagnosed as primary adamantinoma and the liver tumor was its metastasis. The patient has been well without adjuvant chemotherapy for 5 years after the operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: a report of two cases.

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a recently established subtype of RCC, which has rarely been reported in Japan. In this communication, the authors report two Japanese cases of chromophobe RCC together with the immunohistochemical findings. The tumors were composed of sheets and cribriform glands formed by tumor cells with cloudy and reticular cytoplasm. Ultrastructurally, the cytoplasm was filled with numerous microvesicles. The tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, and Tamm-Horsfall protein. Occasionally, LeuM1-positive cells were also noted. Vimentin was negative, unlike the usual RCC. Reactivity for peanut agglutinin was more frequent than that to Lotus tetragonolobus agglutinin. The results of this study suggest that the tumor cells possessed phenotypes similar to the distal nephron rather than to the proximal tubular cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The s-Myc protein having the ability to induce apoptosis is selectively expressed in rat embryo chondrocytes.

Gene transfection experiments demonstrated that over-expression of the s-myc gene under the control of a human metallothionein promoter induced apoptosis in cells such as rat and human glioma cells. In contrast to c-Myc-mediated apoptosis requiring withdrawal of serum growth factors, s-myc expression induced apoptosis in glioma cells in the presence of 10% fetal calf serum. Whereas, s-Myc-mediated apoptosis was suppressed in proportion to the increase of bcl-2 expression as seen in c-Myc mediated apoptosis. The s-myc gene was expressed in rat embryo cells being committed to differentiate to hypertrophic chondrocytes which undergo programmed cell death. CAT assay demonstrated that in the NH2-terminal region, the s-Myc protein contains a domain structure required for expression of transactivation activity that is approximately six times higher than that of c-Myc. Therefore, these findings strongly suggest that s-Myc may play an important role in transcription regulation of a set of genes whose expression induces programmed cell death in vitro and in vivo.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1993

Localization and invasion by a soft tissue tumor induced by pellets made of hydroxypropylcellulose mixed with 20-methylcholanthrene in the femur of rats.

BACKGROUND: Pellets made of a carcinogenic substance, methylcholanthrene, admixed with a high molecular weight substance, hydroxypropylcellulose, were implanted into the thigh of 90 rats (three groups, 30 rats each). METHODS: In Group 1, the pellets were placed at the window made in the cortex of the femur; in Group 2, into the space between the dorsal femoral cortex and periosteum; and in Group 3, into the pouch created outside of the dorsal periosteum. RESULTS: Twenty weeks after implantation, rhabdomyosarcoma developed in 28 rats in Group 1, 27 in Group 2, and 21 in Group 3. Tumor invasions into the marrow of the femur were seen in 14 rats in Group 1 and 5 in Group 2. In Group 3, however, tumor invasion was not observed. There were significant differences in the invasion rate of tumor between Groups 1 and 2 (P < 0.01) and between Groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.05). At implant sites, Group 2 showed thinning out of the periosteum, whereas in Group 3 thickening of both cortex and periosteum was found. CONCLUSION: These experimental results are interpreted to mean that the periosteum provides an important barrier around the bone against tumor invasion into the bone.

Animals↗