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Biomedical subjects

Y N Lin

Publications and source records attributed to Y N Lin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Enhanced sympathetic outflow and decreased baroreflex sensitivity are associated with intermittent hypoxia-induced systemic hypertension in conscious rats.

Long-term exposure to intermittent hypoxia (IH), such as that occurring in association with sleep apnea, may result in systemic hypertension; however, the time course changes in arterial pressure, autonomic functions, and baroreflex sensitivity are still unclear. We investigated the changes in cardiovascular neural regulations during the development of chronic IH-induced hypertension in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to repetitive 1.25-min cycles (30 s of N2+45 s of 21% O2) of IH or room air (RA) for 6 h/day during light phase (10 AM-4 PM) for 30 days. Arterial pressure was measured daily using the telemetry system during RA breathing. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and interpulse interval (PPI) signals were then used to assess the autonomic functions and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity by auto- and cross-spectral analysis, respectively. Stable MAP, low-frequency power of MAP (BLF), and low-frequency power (LF)-to-high frequency power (HF) ratio of PPI (LF/HF) were significantly higher in IH-exposed rats, compared with those of RA-exposed rats. Elevation of the MAP, BLF, LF/HF, and minute ventilation started 5 days after IH exposure and lasted until the end of the 30-day observation period. Additionally, IH-exposed rats had significant lower slope of MAP-PPI linear regression (under a successively descending and ascending) and magnitude of MAP-PPI transfer function (at frequency ranges of 0.06-0.6 Hz or 0.6-2.4 Hz) after IH exposure for 17 days. However, RA-exposed rats did not exhibit these changes. The results of this study indicate that chronic IH-induced hypertension is associated with a facilitation of cardiovascular sympathetic outflow and inhibition of baroreflex sensitivity in conscious rats.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Impact of age on the injury pattern and survival of people with cervical cord injuries.

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective, follow-up study. OBJECTIVES: To differentiate the injury pattern and survival of people with cervical cord injuries with onset at different ages. SETTING: Rehabilitation wards of a university hospital that is a tertiary referral center in Taipei, Taiwan. METHODS: The records of acute and traumatic cervical cord injury patients hospitalized from 1989 to 1997 were reviewed. All subjects received comprehensive rehabilitation programs during hospitalization. Their survival status at the end of follow-up was studied. RESULTS: Forty-seven of 109 (43.1%) people with cervical cord injuries were 50 years or older at onset. Older patients were more frequently injured by minor falls, resulting in more incomplete quadriplegia. They also showed fewer spinal fractures, and more demonstrated associated spondylosis and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. Eleven (10.2%) subjects were deceased, found by a linkage to a death registration database at the end of follow-up. The significant predictor of survival status at follow-up was older age at injury using Cox proportional hazards model. CONCLUSION: Spinal cord injured patients had different injury patterns, demanding different preventative strategies. Those injured at older ages were at higher risk of mortality according to our study. SPONSORSHIP: This study was supported in part by grants from the National Taiwan University Hospital (89S2005), Taipei, Taiwan.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Studies permeation of puerarin and its phospholipid complex through mouse skin in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the skin permeation of puerarin and its phospholipid complex and compare the differences between their permeation rates and cumulative permeation amounts. METHOD: Performing a test of permeation through the mouse skin in vitro in an improved Franz diffusion cell. RESULT: The cumulative permeation amount of phospholipid complex was higher than that of puerarin in the first hour and then increased slowly, meanwhile the permeation rate of puerarin rose higher than that of the complex. CONCLUSION: Phospholipid complex of puerarin can permeate through the mouse skin rapidly up to a certain amount in a short time, then begins to release drug slowly and lastingly.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Sirenomelia with an uncommon osseous fusion associated with a neural tube defect.

A sireniform infant presented with an uncommon osseous fusion of the lower limbs characterised by a fused femur, a partially fused tibia and sympus dipus with rudimentary digits and metatarsals. Associated abnormalities included sacral agenesis, a deformed pelvis, anorectal atresia, renal agenesis, cystic renal dysplasia, agenesis of the uterus and urinary bladder, ambiguous external genitalia, a single umbilical artery, a lumbosacral neural tube defect, and ventriculomegaly secondary to a Chiari II malformation. The pathogenesis of concurrent sirenomelia and neural tube defect is discussed.

Ectromelia↗
PubMed1998

Primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma mimicking ovarian cancer: a case report.

Primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma is a rare malignancy comprising about only 0.1% of all cancers. It produces nonspecific symptoms and is often extensive when diagnosed. In this report, we present a case of a 68-year-old female patient who had a 29-kg retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Her early symptoms--including vague digestive disturbances, increasing abdominal girth and an abdominal mass, and clinical examinations such as sonography and computed tomography scan led to a preoperative diagnosis of ovarian cancer, until surgical and pathologic confirmation. Gross, radical resection of the tumor was successfully performed, and provided the most effective primary therapeutic approach. Histopathology revealed a mixed-type liposarcoma, with metastasis to the appendix. A poor prognosis was expected. Postoperative periodic follow-up was started to monitor for early detection of recurrence.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Skeletal deformities of acardius anceps: the gross and imaging features.

A morphology based imaging review is presented of the characteristic skeletal deformities associated with acardius anceps in three acardiac twins. These fetuses demonstrated poorly developed skulls, limb reduction defects, and phocomelia of the upper limbs, as well as narrow thoracic cages with or without the complete development of ribs, clavicles, scapulae, and cervical, thoracic, or lumbar vertebrae. However, their lower limbs and pelvic girdles were almost normal. The authors conclude that skeletal development is likely to be jeopardized in the area adjacent to the heart and in the cephalic portion of the body in fetuses with acardius anceps, and suggest vascular deficiency and hypoperfusion as pathogenetic mechanisms in this type of skeletal deformity.

Abnormalities, Severe Teratoid↗
PubMed1997

Association of HLA-DRB1*0405 with extraarticular manifestations and erosions in Singaporean Chinese with rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association of disease related HLA-DRB1 locus with disease severity and extraarticular features in Singaporean Chinese patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: 70 patients with RA and 80 controls were typed for HLA class II alleles by the polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific oligonucleotide probe method. RESULTS: 56 patients (80%) had erosive disease; 51 were seropositive (73%), and 16 had extraarticular features (23%). Patients with HLA-DRB1*0405 had significantly higher prevalence of extraarticular features (43 vs 10%; p = 0.001) and erosions (93 vs 71%; p = 0.022) compared to those without the allele. There was also a greater frequency of seropositivity and joint surgery, and a higher number of second line agents used by patients with HLA-DRB1*0405 in comparison to those without, although the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: HLA-DRB1*0405 is associated with the presence of extraarticular features and erosions in Singaporean Chinese patients with RA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Ultrasound-guided fluid aspiration and prenatal diagnosis of duplicated hydrometrocolpos with uterus didelphys and septate vagina.

We report on a case of duplicated hydrometrocolpos with uterus didelphys, a septate vagina, lower vaginal atresia, a persistent urogenital sinus, left ear agenesis, a single umbilical artery, and an imperforate anus, but without the associated features of McKusick-Kaufman syndrome such as polydactyly and congenital heart defects. Ultrasound-guided fluid aspiration of the fetal intrapelvic cystic mass helped to decompress the distended genital organs, decrease the severity of the urinary tract obstruction, delineate the ultrasonographic image of duplicated hydrometrocolpos to differentiate it from other intrapelvic cystic masses, and obtain fluid for cytological analysis.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1996

A case of achondrogenesis type IA with an occipital encephalocele.

We report on a case of achondrogenesis type IA (Houston-Harris) with an occipital encephalocele. Prenatal sonograms revealed polyhydramnios, subgaleal edema, microcephaly, a narrow thorax, pericardial effusion, and a severe short-limbed dwarfism with unossified tubular bones and vertebral bodies. Postmortem examination demonstrated additional findings of hydrops fetalis, a membranous calvarium with a defect, an occipital encephalocele, hypoplastic lungs, and wedge-like tubular bones. Whole body radiography revealed no ossification of the bones except some small identified foci of calcification in the base of the skull, clavicles, and pelvic bones. Histological examination of the growth plate showed hypercellularity and enlarged vacuolated chondrocytes with PAS-positive diastase-resistant cytoplasmic inclusions. Various abnormalities have been reported in association with achondrogenesis type IA, however, an associated neural tube defect has not previously been described in the literature. We report on an infant with both of these disorders.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1995

Influence of gender and age at onset on the HLA associations in Chinese with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

IDDM in Singaporean Chinese was associated with HLA B58, DRB1*0301, DQB1*0201, and joint occurrences of DRB1*0301/*0901 and DRB1*0301/*04. Of the DR4s the frequencies of DRB1*0401, *0404, and *0405 were higher and *0406 was lower in patients compared to controls. DRB1*0301/*0901 was observed mainly in female patients and the frequency showed an inverse relationship with age at onset, whereas DRB1*0301/*04 was observed mainly in male patients and also showed an inverse relationship with age at onset. DRB1*1202 showed an increasing frequency with age at onset. IDDM patients had a higher frequency of homozygous NAsp57 DQ beta chains and a lower frequency of homozygous Asp57 DQ beta chains compared to controls, especially in younger onset patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Juvenile scleroderma: report of a case.

Scleroderma is a rare connective tissue disease in children. A 12-year-old boy suffered from progressive increasing skin tension with erythematous changes in his left leg for a period of 3 months. This limited the range of motion in his left first and second metatarsophalangeal joints. A skin biopsy showed hypertrophic collagen bundles with atrophic skin appendages and lymphocytic infiltration. Based on the clinical manifestations and typical histopathologic findings, juvenile linear scleroderma was diagnosed. He was successfully treated with a short course of oral prednisolone in addition to long-term therapy with D-penicillamine and a topical emollient.

Child↗
PubMed1994

HLA class 2 genes in Singaporean Chinese rheumatoid arthritis.

This study analysed HLA class 1 and 2 allele associations in Singaporean Chinese patients with RA. Seventy patients (ARA definite or classical) and 80 controls were typed for HLA class 1 alleles by serology and class 2 alleles by serology and the PCR/SSO method. RA patients had higher frequencies of DRB1*0405 (40 vs 12.5%; corrected probability value (PC) < 0.02, relative risk (RR) = 4.7, 95% confidence limit (CL) 2.1-10.6), DRB1*1001 (14.3 vs 1.3%; PC = 0.06, RR = 13.2, 95% CL 1.6-105.7), DQB1*0401 (38.6 vs 12.5%; P = 0.006, RR = 4.4, 95% CL 1.9-10.0) and DQB1*0501 (20 vs 5%; PC = 0.048, RR = 4.8, 95% CL 1.5-15.2). It is concluded that Chinese RA is associated primarily with HLA DRB1*0405 and DRB1*1001 which share common amino acid sequences in the third hypervariable region of the DR beta chains shown to be associated with RA in other ethnic groups. Patients without DRB1*0405 and *1001 had a higher frequency of DRB1*0901, which is in linkage disequilibrium with HLA B46 in the Chinese.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Cytomegalovirus-associated gastric ulcers in a normal host: a case report.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an ubiquitous organism, recognized as an important pathogen in patients from the neonatal period through adulthood. Although CMV infections in the gastrointestinal tract of immunocompromised individuals have been reported in increasing frequency in recent years, there have been only a few reports of CMV infections in the gastrointestinal tract of normal hosts. Here a 43-year-old female is described; she had had a four-month history of epigastric pain, and an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed multiple gastric ulcers. Histologic examination of biopsies from the ulcers showed cytomegalovirus inclusion bodies. She had no detectable immunological abnormalities, blood transfusion or organ transplant history. Conventional antiulcer treatments achieved no response.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

HLA and Singaporean Chinese myasthenia gravis.

Chinese Singaporean myasthenia gravis (MG) patients are associated with three HLA haplotypes: Cw1 B46 DRB1*0901 DQB1*0303 DQA1*03, DRB1*14 DRB3*0202 DQB1*0503 DQA1*0101 and DRB1*1202 DRB3*0301 DQB1*0301 DQA1*0601. The B46 haplotype was associated with the total group of MG patients but in particular with those with younger onset, low antiacetylcholine receptor (anti-AchR) titres, with only ocular lesions and with normal thymuses. The DRB1*14 haplotype was associated with thymic hyperplasia, younger onset patients, with high anti-AchR titres and with generalised MG. The DRB1*1202 haplotype was associated with thymoma, older onset patients, ocular lesions, and mid to high anti-AchR titres.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Human leucocyte antigen DNA typing in Singaporean Chinese patients with Graves' disease.

Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) A, B, C, DR, DQ and DP locus alleles in 35 Chinese patients with Graves' disease and 80 controls were typed for using serological and DNA polymerase chain reaction/sequence specific oligonucleotide (PCR/SSO) methods. B46 was found to be strongly associated with male patients (p = 0.0002; RR = 8.2, 95% confidence interval 2.1-32.2). In HLA class 1 alleles, besides B46, the frequencies of A2 and Cw1 were increased and A24 and B63 decreased in patients compared to controls. In HLA class 2 alleles, the frequencies of DRB1*1602, *0301, *1405, DRB5*02, DQB1*0502 were increased and DRB1*1501, DQB1*0301 decreased in patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Primary malignant lymphoma of the breast: report of two cases with literature review.

We report two cases of malignant lymphoma of the breast. Extensive investigation on both, demonstrated only a neoplastic lesion confined within the breast. One was managed by local excision, systemic chemotherapy and adjuvant radiotherapy; the other was managed by a modified radical mastectomy, adjuvant radiotherapy and therapeutic chemotherapy. Both of them achieved complete remission 3 years and 1.5 years respectively after management.

Adult↗