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Biomedical subjects

Y Muto

Publications and source records attributed to Y Muto.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[UFTM therapy in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer].

The therapeutic use of UFTM (UFT plus Mitomycin C) was performed in three patients with unresectable advanced pancreatic carcinoma. According to the criteria of Koyama et al., all patients showed partial response. Thrombocytopenia, (less than 8 x 10(4)/microliter) was observed in one of the three patients treated with UFTM. Nevertheless, in that patient, thrombocytopenia was reversed by stopping Mitomycin C injection and continuous administration of UFT was possible. The survival time in all treated patients tended to the longer: 7.1 months, 13.6 months and 14.1 months. From these results it is suggested that UFTM therapy might offer an alternative treatment for improved survival in patients with unresectable advanced pancreatic carcinoma.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance study of human plasma alpha-2-macroglobulin.

A proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study is reported of human alpha-2-macroglobulin (alpha-2-M). It was observed that alpha-2-M, which consists of four identical subunits and has a molecular weight of 720,000, gives several sharp resonances. After cleavage of the "bait" region peptide with trypsin and subsequent removal of the peptide under a high salt condition, most of the sharp resonances disappeared, indicating that the sharp resonances observed in the native alpha-2-M originate from the amino acid residues in the bait region. Resonances due to the aromatic protons of the Tyr residue, which exists in the bait region, have been assigned on the basis of chemical shift. It was observed that the C3- and C5-H proton resonances for the Tyr residue are especially narrow, indicating that the side chain of the Tyr residue in the bait region is in a highly mobile state. Photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization experiments clearly show that the Tyr residue is actually exposed to the solvent. It was possible to identify resonances due to several His residues that are exposed to solvent. Other resonances, which probably originate from Arg residues in the bait region, were also observable in the conventional NMR spectra. On the basis of the present NMR data, we conclude that the bait region of the native alpha-2-M is highly flexible and exposed to solvent. On treatment of alpha-2-M with methylamine, no significant change has been detected in the NMR spectra observed in both the conventional and CIDNP mode.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Determination of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase in serum.

Two specific and sensitive immunoassay methods for the determination of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase (m-AST) are described. One is a sandwich enzyme immunoassay which measures immunologically active m-AST using polystyrene balls coated with anti-m-AST antibody and peroxidase-labelled anti-m-AST antibody as the second antibody. The detection limit of this assay was 10 micrograms/l. The other is a paper disk method which measures catalytically active enzyme bound to anti m-AST antibody-conjugate paper disks. The calibration curve was linear up to 250 U/l. These assay methods were used to monitor the level of m-AST in serum. From measurements obtained by both methods, the correlation between the concentration of m-AST protein and its activity was poor (liver diseases, r = 0.539; myocardial infarction, r = 0.774) confirming that an inactive form of m-AST exists in serum, and that the specific activity of serum m-AST differs in individual diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-induced Ca2+ release from permeabilized mastocytoma cells.

The effect of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) on Ca2+ release in the transformed murine mast cells, mastocytoma P-815 cells permeabilized with digitonin was studied. Ca2+ was sequestered by intracellular organelles in the presence of ATP until the medium free Ca2+ concentration was lowered to a new steady-state level. The subsequent addition of IP3 caused a rapid Ca2+ release, which was followed by a slow re-uptake of Ca2+. Fifty percent of the sequestered Ca2+ was released by 10 microM IP3. Maximal Ca2+ release occurred at 10 microM and half maximal activity was at 1.3 microM. These results indicate that IP3 may function as a messenger of intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in mastocytoma cells.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1986

Modified vein allograft for small arterial reconstruction in dogs.

The ideal graft for peripheral arterial reconstruction has yet to be developed. We evaluated on the effectiveness of porosity to intimization of the graft. Modified vein allografts newly constructed through digestion of vein allografts with elastase, glutaraldehyde tanning and lyophilization were implanted in thirty-nine canine femoral arteries. These grafts had a higher porosity than conventional vein allografts and the overall patency rate was 70 per cent at 6 months after implantation. Microscopic examination showed that graft interstitial healing and subsequent intimization were completed by ingrowth of connective tissue from outside through the graft wall at 3 weeks and later. Aneurysmal change of the modified vein allografts was never evident. These results indicated that porosity of the graft is indeed an important factor for intimization and durability of grafts, even in bioderivative substitutes.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Flow waveform assessment of polytetrafluoroethylene grafts for reconstruction of lower extremity arteries. A preliminary report.

On the basis of our findings that the outcome of reconstructive surgery for lower limbs could well be predicted by flow waveform analysis, we reviewed femoropopliteal arterial bypass operations involving the use of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts for 35 patients. Of 38 grafts, 26 were PTFE alone, and 12 were PTFE/vein composite grafts. Neither ankle pressure index nor angiographic distal runoff was of predictive value as a prognostic indicator. The cumulative patency rate, calculated by the life-table method, revealed the usefulness of flow waveform analysis for prediction of the outcome of PTFE grafts. In type 0 or I flow, the patency rate was 94% at 1 and 2 years and 79% at 3 years. In contrast, in type II flow, the patency rate was 74% at 1 year, 66% at 2 years, and 49% at 3 years, with a statistical significance at 2 and 3 years (p less than 0.05). Comparison of the result of PTFE grafts with that of PTFE/vein composite grafts showed superior results of composite grafts at 3 years after implantation (42% vs. 83%, p less than 0.05). These findings indicate that flow waveform analysis is useful for prediction of the outcome of PTFE grafts and that PTFE/vein composite grafts should probably be used, particularly in cases of abnormal blood flow.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1986

Transformation by extracellular DNA produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Most Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains are capable of producing extracellular DNA. Very closely linked chromosomal markers (leu+ and trp+) were co-transferred to P. aeruginosa PAO1819 (leu9001, trp9008) by the extracellular DNA produced by P. aeruginosa strains IFO3445 and PAO1 at a frequency of 10(-7) to 10(-8). Treatment of the extracellular DNA with DNase, heating at 95 C or sonication completely destroyed its transforming ability. The R plasmid in the extracellular DNA produced by P. aeruginosa IFO3445 (RP4) or PAO2142 (RLb679) could be transferred to Escherichia coli ML4901 or P. aeruginosa PAO1819. The resultant transformants showed identical resistance patterns in the respective donors, and the sizes of the DNAs of RLb679 and RP4 isolated from the transformants were the same as those in the respective donors. These results demonstrate that the extracellular DNA contains both chromosomal DNA and plasmid DNA, and that it exhibits transforming ability. This implies that transformation by the extracellular DNA produced by P. aeruginosa may occur in nature and this seems to be of clinical importance in view of the spread of R plasmids among pathogens.

Chromosome Mapping↗