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Biomedical subjects

Y Murakami

Publications and source records attributed to Y Murakami.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Therapeutic difference by TAE between HCC with HCV-Ab and HBV-Ag].

Transarterial infusion therapy using adriamycin-Lipiodol emulsion (TAE) was used for 30 patients of HCC with HCV-Ab and 20 patients with HBV-Ag. We compared the tumor effect and prognosis in terms of several clinico-pathological factors. The response rate (PR+MR) after TAE was 43% in HCC patients with HCV-Ab and 30% in those with HBV-Ag. One-year survival rate was 89% in HCC patients with HCV-Ab and 58% in HCC patients with HBV-Ag. Thus, there was a significant difference between the two groups. No definite reasons between two groups influencing tumor effect and prognosis is obviously revealed except for portal vein invasion.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1992

[Pontine infarction presenting non-paralytic pontine exotropia--evaluation of its clinical course and its MRI findings].

We report two patients with brainstem infarction who presented non-paralytic pontine exotropia (NPPE) in acute phase. Case 1 was a 76-year-old woman. NPPE observed 3 hours after the onset disappeared two days later. Case 2 was a 60-year-old man. Paralytic pontine exotropia was observed 4 hours after the onset of his stroke. NPPE was noted on the next day and left medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) syndrome was still present on the third day. Seven days later, the disturbances of ocular movement was disappeared. T2-weighted cranial MRI showed high signal intensity lesions in the paramedian portion of the mid-pontine tegmentum beneath the fourth ventricle in both cases. Although it has been thought that NPPE is a rare clinical symptom, we think that NPPE is by no means a rare symptom in the acute stage of brainstem infarction.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[An experimental study on mechanism of regurgitation of the intrabiliary endotoxin into the blood stream in obstructive jaundice].

Using adult mongrel dogs with or without obstructive jaundice (OJ) the significance of the biliary pressure and the route of regurgitation were investigated by intrabiliary injection of endotoxin (ET) (10 micrograms/kg) or saline (control group) under various intrabiliary pressure levels (not carried, 25cmH2O, 35cmH2O). Some of dogs were cannulated into the thoracic duct for the purpose of drainage of the hepatic lymph. The dogs with OJ, of which the common biliary duct had been ligated and resected for two weeks, had ET shock under lower intrabiliary pressure level (25cmH2O) than the dogs without OJ. The drainage of the hepatic lymph could not attenuate ET shock. The ET volume per minute and the total ET volume extracted from the thoracic duct lymph was not increased in the dogs with OJ compared with the control group, while they were significantly increased in the dogs without OJ in proportion to the intrabiliary pressure level. These results suggest that in OJ, ET shock is easily caused by regurgitation of the intrabiliary ET into the blood stream under lower intrabiliary pressure level, and the intrabiliary ET is mainly regurgitated by cholangio-venous reflux, while the cholangio-lymphatic pathway does not function for the route of regurgitation.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The inhibitory effects of platelet activating factor (PAF) on ciliary activity of human paranasal sinus mucosa].

The effect of platelet activating factor (PAF) on human paranasal ciliated cells was investigated in vitro. Normal human paranasal sinus mucosa was obtained by surgical procedure and incubated with Eagle's MEM containing 10% FCS in the form of tissue culture. Ciliary activity was viewed at 37 degrees C under an inverted microscope equipped with a thermoregulator and a humidified CO2 chamber, recorded on video tapes and photoelectrically measured. Ciliary inhibition was observed by the treatment with PAF, in a dose dependent manner, at concentrations from 10(-10) M to 10(-6) M. The inhibitory effect of 10(-8) M PAF on ciliary activity was completely blocked when the mucosa was treated with 10(-6) M CV-3988 or 10(-6) M CV-6209 (specific PAF receptor antagonists). By the radioimmunoassay, the concentration of PAF in tissue culture was reduced by half within 12.5 min, and within 60 min it was only 5% of the initial concentration. There was no significant difference in ciliary inhibition between irrigation after a 60 min incubation with 10(-8) M PAF and non-irrigation. These results indicate that PAF inhibited ciliary activity directly and specifically, and induced irreversible damage primarily within the first 60 min after the challenge.

Cilia↗
PubMed1992

[Effects of age on blood pressure, heart rate, and sensory blockade by spinal anesthesia with plain 0.5% bupivacaine].

To discover the influence of age on spinal blockade with plain bupivacaine, 23 patients were administered a subarachnoid injection of approximately 4.0 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine. The patients were divided into two groups. One group consists of patients with ages under 65 years (younger group, n = 13), and the other group consists of patients older than 65 years (elder group, n = 10). The following results were obtained. The time to onset of anesthetic effects (pinprick discrimination, temperature discrimination, and light touch discrimination) decreased with age. At 180 min after the administration, spinal blockade level did not have a significant difference. The degree of the decrease of systolic arterial pressure was greater in the elder group than in the younger group. However, the degree of the decrease of heart rate was greater in the elder group than in the younger group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Aberrations of the tumor suppressor p53 and retinoblastoma genes in human hepatocellular carcinomas.

Aberrations of the p53 gene in 43 primary hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) were examined by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of polymerase chain reaction products. Of these hepatocellular carcinomas, 22 were advanced HCCs, and 21 were early HCCs. Structural abnormalities of the p53 gene were observed in eight of the 22 advanced HCCs, but in none of the early HCCs. Of the eight tumors with an abnormal p53 gene, seven had lost one of the two p53 alleles and, in the seven tumors with identifiable mutations, point mutations were found in four tumors and deletions of several nucleotides were observed in two tumors. The remaining one retained both alleles and carried two point mutations. In addition to the aberrations of the p53 gene, loss of the retinoblastoma gene or loss of heterozygosity at chromosome 13q was observed in six of seven informative cases of eight tumors carrying a mutated p53 gene. These results suggest the involvement of at least two tumor suppressor genes in a late stage of hepatocarcinogenesis.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Specific inhibition of cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinases by herbimycin A in vitro.

Herbimycin A is an antibiotic which reverses transformation caused by various src related oncogenes. The reversion of transformation is restricted to cells transformed by tyrosine kinase coding oncogenes, and accompanies a decrease in kinase activity of the oncogene products. We have shown in vitro that herbimycin A directly inactivates p60v-src kinase by conjugating with SH group(s) of the kinase, raising the possibility that the molecular target of the antibiotic for reversion of v-src transformation is the p60v-src itself. To investigate the relevance of its in vitro tyrosine kinase inactivating activity to in vivo transformation reversing activity, we examined the specificity of herbimycin A for inhibition of cAMP-dependent kinase, protein kinase C and p210bcr-abl tyrosine kinase in vitro. Herbimycin A had no inhibitory effect on the activities of cAMP-dependent kinase or protein kinase C, whereas the SH-reagent N-(9-acridinyl)maleimide, which inactivates p60v-crc in vitro by a mechanism similar to that of herbimycin A, blocked the two serine/threonine kinases. On the other hand, the activity of p210bcr-abl tyrosine kinase was inhibited by herbimycin A treatment. The results indicate that herbimycin A specifically binds to reactive SH group(s) of cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinases, and confer the biochemical basis for its selectivity in reversing cell transformation.

1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine↗
PubMed1991

Binding of a histidine-rich peptide to Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Porphyromonas gingivalis 381 cells were incubated with 125I-histidine-rich polypeptide (histatin) 5 in the presence or absence of unlabeled histatin 5, to evaluate the histatin-binding capacity of the cells. The binding of histatin 5 was rapid, reversible, saturable and specific. The number of histatin 5-binding sites per cell was 3,600, and the dissociation constant (Kd) was in the order of 10(-6) M. These findings suggest that histatin interacts with certain bacterial cells through specific binding sites on their surface, and will allow the development of a histatin radioreceptor assay.

Binding, Competitive↗
PubMed1991

Human genome analysis system.

An automated DNA sequencing system, the collaborative effort of Japanese scientists and engineers, which has a potential output of up to 108,000 bases per day is described.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Detection of aberrations of the p53 alleles and the gene transcript in human tumor cell lines by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis.

Aberrations of the p53 gene and its transcript in ten human tumor-derived cell lines were investigated by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of polymerase chain reaction products. This method can detect loss of one of the two alleles and a point mutation in the remaining allele simultaneously. Aberrations were newly found in four tumor cell lines. Three cell lines had lost one of the alleles and had a point mutation in the other. These point mutations, resulting in amino acid substitutions, were in the region of the p53 gene, which is highly conserved in different species. All the mutated genes were expressed and produced mRNAs with point mutations. One cell line did not contain any detectable transcript of the p53 gene, although no structural aberration of the gene was detected in the regions analyzed. Most of the cell lines found to carry aberrations of the p53 gene in this work have previously been reported to have mutations in oncogenes or in a tumor suppressor gene other than the p53 gene. These results provide additional examples of multiple genetic changes in the genesis of human tumors.

Alleles↗
PubMed1991

The nuclear protooncogenes c-jun and c-fos as regulators of DNA replication.

Polyomavirus (Py) DNA replication is regulated by its enhancer, which contains an AP1 site, c-Jun and c-Fos, the products of nuclear protooncogenes c-jun and c-fos, form the heterodimeric transcriptional activating factor AP1. Overexpression of c-fos and c-jun genes strongly stimulated Py DNA replication from the Py origin of replication as well as transcription from the Py early promoter through the AP1 binding site. The cAMP response element (CRE)-binding protein CREB stimulated only transcription, not DNA replication, through the CRE under similar conditions. The results indicate that AP1 functions as a regulator of DNA replication and that the mechanism of activation of Py DNA replication by AP1 is distinct from that of activation of transcription from the Py early promoter.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Localization of the sensory neurons in the canine nodose ganglion sending fibers into the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.

The distinct localization of the sensory neurons in the canine nodose ganglion that send fibers into the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (the main sensory pathway from the larynx) was studied using horseradish peroxidase technique. The labeled cells were located mainly in the rostral one-third of the lateral side of the nodose ganglion. We conclude that the localization of these labeled cells does not reflect a difference in cellular role or function but is due to the course of the nerve's fibers.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Single DNA marker generated by "YAC-Alu PCR" that is end-specific.

A simple strategy for the rapid preparation of an end-specific linking-DNA probe from the YAC-human chromosome 21 DNA recombinant clone and the characterization of this single DNA probe are described. Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide primers, based on the consensus Alu sequence, and the Sup4 DNA fragment in the YAC arms were used to amplify end-specific DNA sequences by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for screening of the linking YAC recombinant clones ("YAC-Alu PCR"). Nucleotide sequencing of the product of PCR from human genomic DNA in a YAC insert confirmed the boundary between the vector and the insert and the presence of the 3'-end Alu-like structure. The probe R1, prepared by "YAC-Alu PCR" amplification, was assigned to chromosome 21 by Southern hybridization of somatic cell hybrid DNAs. In situ hybridization allowed localization of the R1 DNA probe to the human chromosome 21q21-q22.1 region. Thus, this approach has significant advantages not only for isolation of a single DNA probe specific for human chromosome 21 but also for the screening of YAC linking recombinant clones for mapping of the human genome.

Animals↗