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Biomedical subjects

Y Munakata

Publications and source records attributed to Y Munakata.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[A study of multiple primary cancers of the stomach and other organs].

The incidence of associated synchronous or heterochronous malignant tumors in this series was 3.3% (21/633). These patients were found more in multiple cancer than single cancer of the stomach. A relatively high incidence of associated cancer of other organs was found with cancer of the large bowel and of the cervix in heterochronous cancer and cancer of the esophagus in synchronous tumors. The cumulative corrected 10-year survival rate of 15 cases of heterochronous tumors was 85.7%. On the other hand, six patients with synchronous tumor had more advanced cancer of other organs than gastric cancer, and four of them died due to cancer of other organs within two years. Both primaries should be found at the early stage and treated with curative surgery and/or radiotherapy.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Establishment of a cell line (HCC-M) from a human hepatocellular carcinoma.

A continuous human cell line was established from a hepatocellular carcinoma of an HBsAg-positive Japanese male. The cell line, designated HCC-M, grows as an adhering monolayer with a doubling time of 24 h in medium RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% FCS and grows with 30% clonal efficiency in soft agar. The cells have been shown by light and electron microscopy to be of epithelial type. When they were transplanted subcutaneously into the back of athymic nude mice (BALB/c, nu/nu), tumors developed at the sites of inoculation, which were shown to be hepatocellular carcinoma, similar in morphology to the original tumor from which they were derived. HCC-M had a chromosome mode of 63 with five identifiable marker chromosomes. HCC-M produced albumin at the 10th passage but this property was lost by the 30th passage. This cell line has not secreted alpha-fetoprotein. Hepatitis B viral particles or HBsAg have not been demonstrated in the cells from the primary culture nor in several subsequent subcultures tested.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

RNA tumor virus-like particles in human fetal thymus cells stimulated by human B-cells.

Human fetal thymuses were investigated in a search for retroviruses. By electron microscopy, retrovirus-like particles were detected in the thymus cells only when they were cocultured with mitomycin C-treated human B-cells. Reverse transcriptase activity in the culture medium was found at a density of 1.15-1.17 g/cm3 in sucrose density gradients.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1982

Long-term follow-up study on gastric adenoma and its relation to gastric protruded carcinoma.

A total of 191 gastric adenomas in 178 patients was studied macroscopically by endoscopy and histopathologically by endoscopic biopsy. Among the lesions, 85 in 74 patients were followed-up for six months to 12 years. Gastric adenomas were found to be more frequent in the aged, with a rate of 0.1% in the third decade but 3.7% in the ninth decade, on gastroscopic examination. Gastric cancers coexistent with the gastric adenomas were seen in 14 cases (8%), and were more frequent in male than in female patients (sex ratio, 12:2). Only eight of the 85 lesions (9%) revealed macroscopic changes. Four of these showed a reduction in size, while the other four lesions showed enlargement. In 21 of the 85 lesions (25%), histologic changes were observed. Four (5%) changed from moderate dysplasia (Group III) to nondysplastic or intestinal metaplasia (Group I), eight lesions (9%) revealed histologic changes (Group III to IV, or vice versa) without malignant transformation, and nine lesions (11%) showed malignant changes. Neither submucosal invasion nor lymph node metastasis was found. These lesions consisted of carcinoma in situ with small foci in the lesions exhibiting moderate dysplasia, and a gradual transition from severe dysplasia to cancer was seen in resected lesions obtained by endoscopic polypectomy or surgical resection. In addition, a gradual increase in dysplasia of tissue from moderate to severe was revealed by repeated gastroscopic biopsy. These findings suggest that the gastric adenomas underwent malignant changes with gradual transformation from moderate through severe dysplasia.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1982

Lymphatic role in the pathogenesis of fat malabsorption in liver cirrhosis in rats.

Intestinal fat absorption was examined in rats with CCl4-induced liver cirrhosis. Marked lymphangiectasia of the small intestine was observed in rats after CCl4 was given subcutaneously biweekly for 10--12 weeks. Intestinal epithelial uptake of linoleic acid administered in the loop was not impaired, but accumulation of lipid droplets in the intestinal epithelial cells and disturbed lymphatic transport of absorbed fat were observed in these rats. These data suggest that lymphostasis of the intestine may play an important role in fat malabsorption in liver cirrhosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Alpha heavy chain disease lacking secretory alpha chain, with cobblestone appearance of the small intestine and duodenal ulcer demonstrated by endoscopy.

Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies of the small intestine are described in a Japanese patient with alpha heavy chain disease who had a history of colonic ulcers. Endoscopic examinations revealed multiple gastric erosion, duodenal ulcer, and a thickened, cobblestone-like pattern composed of small nodules in the duodenum and jejunum, which was similar in appearance to Crohn's disease. An electron microscopic study showed that the numerous, infiltrated cells in the jejunal lamina propria were matured plasma cells with atypical structure of the organelles. These plasma cells had alpha heavy chain protein devoid of light chain. Although secretory component was demonstrated normally in the epithelial cells by immunofluorescent methods, no association of this component with alpha heavy chain protein could be observed in any of the plasma and epithelial cells of this case. These facts suggest the absence of secretory alpha chain or secretory IgA, and a deficiency of the mucosal secretory immune system in this patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Changes in intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity in cholera toxin-treated rats.

It is conceivable that brush border enzyme activities of the intestinal mucosa will change when bacterial toxins are exposed to the intestinal microvillous membranes. The effect of cholera toxin on the activity of intestinal alkaline phosphatase in rats was therefore determined in the intestinal mucosa by the histochemical method as well as in intestinal lymph by using lymph fistulated-rats. Activity of intestinal alkaline phosphatase in the intestinal mucosa and lymphatics changed biphasically after the oral administration of cholera toxin to rats. For the first three hours after the administration of cholera toxin it was depressed; it then increased and at eight hours reached a maximum. These changes in the activity of intestinal alkaline phosphatase were prevented by the administration of chlorpromazine, a known inhibitor of adenylate cyclase activity.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

Histoclinical long-standing follow-up study of hyperplastic polyps of the stomach.

In a series of 2,013 gastric polyps in 1,201 patients, morphological and histopathological studies have been performed. Ninety-three hyperplastic polyps in 56 patients have been followed-up endoscopically and histopathologically for five to 12 years. The incidence of detection of gastric polyps has increased: 1.4% in 1967 to 8.7% in 1979 year by year. Thirty patients (54%) among the 56 showed changes in number, size or shape of polyps during follow-up. Twenty patients (37%) revealed numerical changes (increase in 16 patients, reversion in three patients and vanishing in two patients). Twenty-eight polyps (30%) showed morphological changes, six of them showed continuous enlargement, 18 lesions repeated enlargement, stationary or reduction stages, three lesions were reversed and two polyps disappeared. Histopathologically, three lesions showed transformation from the hyperplastic type to adenoma while demonstrating morphological enlargement. Two of these showed increase in cellular atypia, from the hyperplastic type through adenoma with severe atypia and finally to carcinoma in the polypectomy specimens. From this study, it was concluded that although hyperplastic polyps show changes in size, shape or number with passage of time, malignant changes occur in only a few cases.

Adenoma↗