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Biomedical subjects

Y Mouton

Publications and source records attributed to Y Mouton.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cutaneous, hepatic and hematologic manifestations due to nevirapine: DRESS syndrome?].

BACKGROUND: Manifestations similar to DRESS syndrome (drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms) may be induced by nevirapine. CASE REPORTS: Three patients developed skin rash and general signs of liver dysfunction during the first 5 weeks after starting nevirapine. Laboratory tests showed elevated eosinophil counts and signs of inflammation simulating severe infection. DISCUSSION: The incidence of DRESS syndrome is probably underestimated. No standard treatment has been proposed. In our 3 patients, parenteral corticosteroid therapy was successful, leading to a rapidly favorable clinical course although liver tests took longer to return to normal.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of a quantitative HBV-DNA PCR assay in lamivudine treated hepatitis B-infected patients].

Lamivudine (3TC) is a nucleoside analogue which inhibits replication of HIV and HBV and which is used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B-infected patients with safety and efficacy. The activity of lamivudine was evaluated by the measurement of DNA-HBV concentration in plasma using a very sensitive assay (1,000 copies/mL) (Amplicor VHB Monitor. Roche). Ten patients chronically infected with hepatitis B (group A) and 24 patients with HIV-1 co-infection (group B) were enrolled. In 9 patients of group A, HBVDNA load was undetectable a median of 3.5 months after the beginning of treatment and remained negative for 2 years with hepatitis Be antigen disappearing and normal alanine aminotransferase concentration. In the last immunodeficient patient, the virus which had been resistant to three interferon treatments, was also resistant to lamivudine. In five patients of group B, HBV DNA load remained undetectable after 18 months with HBe antigen disappearing and baseline concentration of alanine aminotransferase. In the remaining 19 patients after a transient decrease of HBV DNA concentration for one year, HBV DNA load increased again without disappearing of HBe antigen and without decrease of alanine aminotransferase concentration showing lamivudine resistant hepatitis B virus. Mutations in the YMDD motif of the DNA polymerase gene were identified in 11 patients (3 with M550V/I mutation; 7 with M550V/I and L256M mutations; 1 with M550V/I, L526M and V519L mutations). In 6 of these patients, was found a M184V mutation in the VIH polymerase. No correlation could be observed between the mutations detected in the two viruses. Using a sensitive HBV-DNA assay, efficacy of lamivudine for a long time in HBV infected patients was proved. However, the prevalence of lamivudine resistance is related to duration of treatment and it may be necessary to use a multitherapy.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of 52 cases of diphtheria observed over a period of ten years in the North of France (author's transl)].

Over a period of ten years, 88 cases of diphtheria were diagnosed in the North of France especially in the area of Lille, Roubaix and Tourcoing. 25 p. cent of the patients had been correctly vaccinated within less than five years, and among the latter 25 p. cent died from their diphtheria. The clinical presentation was typical but delay in diagnosis is frequent.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Efficacy and tolerability of intravenous ofloxacin. A French multicenter study of 273 patients].

The effectiveness and safety of intravenous ofloxacin were studied in an open, multicentre trial conducted in 31 French hospitals. Among the 273 patients who entered the trial, 62 had septicaemia, 81 an urinary tract infection, 46 a lower respiratory infection and 11 an osteoarticular infection. Admission to an intensive care unit had been necessary for 114 patients. The infection was nosocomial in 76 cases. After treatment with intravenous ofloxacin administered alone (n = 199) or combined with another antibiotic (n = 74), 231 patients (84.6 per cent) were cured. The drug was well tolerated both clinically and biologically.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Oral contraceptives :misunderstood etiology of erythema nodosum (author's transl)].

The cutaneous side effects of oral contraceptives are uncommon but their manifestations are many and varied. Erythema nodosum is rare, it is typical but the associated signs are few and do not permit the etiological diagnosis. The latter rests mainly on the spontaneous disappearance of the symptomatology when the prescription of oral contraceptivae is discontinued and on the relapse on resumption of the retake. The physiopathology, much controversed, causes immunological disorders on the predisposed individual. Only stopping oral contraceptives intake brings about the cure.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[False-membrane pharyngitis and vélopalatine paralysis: false diphteria, true infectious mononucleosis (author's transl)].

Paralysis of the soft-palate occurring at the end of, or in conjunction with false-membrane pharyngitis with lymphadenopathies should prompt to think of diphteria. The reported case is concerning an 18 year-old girl in whom the affection of the last cranial nerves (IX-XI and XII) is falling within the rare but deceptive neurological forms of infectious mononucleosis. The evolution was favorable, as is normally the case when there are no respiratory complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Host reactions against bacteria. Application to pneumococcal infections].

Pneumococcal infection remains a public health problem, because of its important incidence, as well for pneumonias (2 cases per 1,000 persons per year) as for bacteremias (0.5% among hospitalized patients). The fatality rate in the bacteremic cases is 37.3% and reaches 89% in the fulminant sepsis cases, which are observed especially in splenectomized patients: the spleen takes part in the host defences against Streptococcus pneumoniae, together with the phagocytosis, the antibody production and the complement activation, essentially through the alternative complement pathway-activated C3b. Bacterial opsonization remains the fundamental mechanism of the host defence in the early stages of the pneumococcal infection.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗