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Biomedical subjects

Y Morishima

Publications and source records attributed to Y Morishima.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Gamma-interferon production capacity and T lymphocyte subpopulation after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

T cell phenotypes after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) were investigated using monoclonal antibodies (moAbs) reactive to lymphocyte cell surface antigens. Patients' T cells showed decreased percentages of OKT4, 4A and 9.3-positive T cells, and increased percentages of OKT8, human Ia, and Leu-7-positive T cells. These changes in T cell phenotype persisted for a long period after BMT and had no correlation with the occurrence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). No lymphocyte activation antigens such as TIA (Tac) or transferrin receptor (5E9) were detected after BMT. The capacity of the patients' lymphocytes to produce gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) was measured after incubation of lymphocytes with mitogen. Patients' lymphocytes produced significantly lower levels of IFN-gamma than the normal controls. This failure of IFN-gamma production showed no correlation with stimulation index of mitogen blastogenesis or changes of T cell population. Thus, not only T cell phenotype but also measurement of IFN-gamma production of lymphocyte may be useful in detecting immunological abnormalities in patients who receive BMT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Biochemical characterization of human myeloperoxidase using three specific monoclonal antibodies.

We have developed three monoclonal antibodies (moAbs), MA1, MA3 and MB1, which react with different antigenic determinants of human myeloperoxidase (MPO). In MPO-positive culture cell lines, HL-60 and NKM1, analysis of MPO by pulse-chase experiments followed by immunoprecipitation with these moAbs revealed that MPO was composed of subunits of 59K, 18K and 14.8K dalton polypeptides which are plausibly derived from the 89 K precursor. MA1 and MB1 react with both the precursor and the mature forms of MPO. MA3 reacts with only the mature forms of MPO. Blocking experiments on MPO-related functions revealed that the three moAbs could be divided into two groups. MA1 and MA3 inhibit MPO activities such as tetraguaiacol formation, iodide oxidation and luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, while MB1 shows no such inhibition.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Method for processing leukocyte- and platelet-poor red cells in closed bags.

If leukocyte- and platelet-poor red cells have been processed and stored in closed bags, their delivery, especially on holidays, will be easy. The modified warm-centrifuge method was applied to a quadruple bag prepared for such purpose. Red cells were processed in the first bag by the centrifugation of whole blood. The supernatant plasma was transferred to the second bag. A phosphate buffer in the third bag was introduced into red cells and diluted red cells were then incubated at 37 degrees C for 1 h in an inverted position. After centrifugation, the red cell phase below the buffy coat layer was isolated using a Biotest separation apparatus and stored in the fourth bag (containing a preservative with adenine, phosphate, glucose and 0.9% NaCl solution) for 28 days at 4 degrees C. Ninety-eight percent of the leukocyte and 97% of platelets in whole blood unit were removed with a red cell recovery of 86%. Biochemical changes in stored red cells were similar to those of conventional buffy coat-removed red cells suspended in the same preservative, except for rapid decreases in 2,3-diphosphoglycerate levels. Since processing buffy coat-removed red cells containing few leukocytes and platelets with the present method was simple and these units might be stored for over 14 days with minimum cell damage, we suggest that the present method is useful way of processing leukocyte- and platelet-poor red cells in blood centers.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1986

Detection of adult T-cell leukemia virus (ATLV) bearing lymphocytes in concentrated red blood cells derived from ATL associated antibody (ATLA-Ab) positive donors.

Adult T cell leukemia associated antibody (ATLA-Ab) positive persons were screened by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) testing. Their lymphocytes were collected from concentrated red blood cells (CRC), and cultured in vitro with and without phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for 10 days. The expression of ATL virus (ATLV) positive lymphocytes during the in vitro culture was then analyzed by IF assay using mouse monoclonal antibody ATL-19 reactive to p19 core protein of ATLV. 97% of ATLA-Ab positive CRC (36 cases) demonstrated ATLV positive lymphocytes after being cultured for more than 10 days with PHA, whereas, none of ATLA-Ab negative CRC (22 cases) demonstrated ATLV positive lymphocytes. All of the 10 ATLA-Ab positive CRC that were stored for 2, 4, and 7 days contained lymphocytes which expressed ATLV after in vitro culture, while 7 of 10 CRC stored for 14 days and only 1 of 10 CRCs stored for 20 days, expressed ATLV positive lymphocytes. This data indicates that almost all of the ATLA-Ab positive blood contained ATLV positive lymphocytes, and that the in vitro appearance of these ATLV positive lymphocytes was reduced by storing the CRC for more than 14 days.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Behenoyl cytosine arabinoside, daunorubicin, 6-mercaptopurine, and prednisolone combination therapy for acute myelogenous leukemia in adults and prognostic factors related to remission duration and survival length.

Fifty-one consecutive previously untreated adult patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) were treated with BHAC-DMP (N4-behenoyl-I-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-cytosine, daunorubicin, 6-mercaptopurine, and prednisolone) therapy. Forty-two patients (82.4%) achieved complete remission (CR). The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a probability for remaining in remission of 14% and for survival of 23% at 6 years. Pretreatment factors related to the achievement of CR, such as age, French-American-British (FAB) classification and WBC at the start of treatment, were not identified. Factors related to the CR duration and survival time of the patients who had achieved CR were first analyzed by a univariate analysis with the generalized Wilcoxon test. WBC count at the start of treatment, percent of blasts in the marrow at 1 and 2 weeks after the initiation of therapy, days required until CR, number of courses of induction therapy required until CR, and days required for the disappearance of circulating blasts were identified as statistically significant prognostic factors. When these characteristics were further analyzed by the Cox multivariate regression model, the percent of blasts in the bone marrow at 2 weeks was the most important prognostic factor with a statistical significance, and WBC count at the start of treatment and days required until CR (or number of courses required to achieve CR) were also important factors, with borderline significance.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Immunological studies on adult T cell leukaemia virus (ATLV) carriers.

Adult T cell leukaemia associated antibody (ATLA-Ab) positive people who were considered to be adult T cell leukaemia virus (ATLV) carriers were found in 0.75% of the adult population in the non-endemic area of Nagoya, Japan. Immunological studies on these people revealed that T lymphocyte subpopulations, as defined by nine monoclonal antibodies reactive to T lymphocyte surface antigens including T cell activation antigen, showed no differences between ATLA-Ab positive and ATLA-Ab negative individuals. Only a slightly higher percentage of Ia positive T lymphocytes was found in ATLA-Ab positive persons. Furthermore, the serum IgG level and the antibody titre of cytomegalovirus were significantly increased in ATLA-Ab positive individuals, while serum IgA, IgM level and the antibody titre of herpes simplex virus and mumps virus, showed no differences in both groups. This data suggests the possibility that ATLV carriers have some mild immunological abnormalities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Bone marrow transplantation in cancer patients].

Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) has been done as one mode of cancer therapy which has the possibility of curing some cancer patients. In Nagoya, more than half of leukemia patients who received allogeneic BMT in a remission state became long-term survivors, and autologous BMT for acute lymphoblastic leukemia has been successfully done using monoclonal antibodies for purging leukemia cells from bone marrow. According to our experiences with leukemia BMT, the following essential conditions for performing successful BMT in cancer patients were discussed, 1) preconditioning therapy for eradication of cancer cells, 2) supportive care for prevention of side effects of BMT including virus infections such as cytomegalovirus, and 3) compatibility of HLA antigens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Diversity of acute non-lymphocytic leukemia analyzed with monoclonal antibodies reactive with myeloid differentiation antigens.

The expression of myeloid differentiation antigens on acute nonlymphocytic leukemia cells (ANLL) was analyzed with four distinctive monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs); YM-1, HL-1, 20.2 and 20.3. These four MoAbs were shown to recognize different stages of differentiation of myeloid progenitor cells (CFU-GM) and/or mature myeloid cells. Consequently, leukemia cells of 68 adult patients with ANLL were able to be divided into four groups according to their expression of the antigens defined by these MoAbs: group 1 HL-1(-), YM-1(-), 20.2(-), 20.3(-) (13 cases); group 2 HL-1(+), YM-1(-), 20.2(-), 20.3(-) (16 cases); group 3 HL-1(+), YM-1(+), 20.2(-), 20.3(-) (13 cases) and group 4 HL-1(+), YM-1/20.2/20.3(+/(-)) (26 cases). This classification elucidated not only the maturation stages of ANLL but also the diversity of ANLL. When compared with the morphological classification, acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) cases (M1 and M2 of the FAB classification) were evenly distributed among all four groups. These data suggest that the AML group was composed of heterogeneous leukemias which expressed surface phenotypes of different maturation stages ranging from the most immature stage to the mature stage. In contrast, the mature type (group 4) was composed of not only AML (M1 and M2), but also acute monocytic leukemia (M4) and acute myelomonocytic leukemia (M5). The clinical courses of these 68 patients revealed that the complete remission rate, remission duration and survival time were not significantly different among the four groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Light and electron microscopic studies of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactive neurons and axon terminals of the nucleus of the tractus solitarius of the rat.

This study was an examination of the ultrastructural characteristic features of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-like immunoreactive neurons and their axon terminals in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius of the rat. Some axon terminals were identified as receiving synaptic inputs from non-immunoreactive axon terminals. This may suggest that part, if not all, CGRP containing afferents are affected presynaptically by other afferents.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Synaptic interaction between catecholaminergic neurons and substance P-immunoreactive axons in the caudal part of the nucleus of the solitary tract of the rat: demonstration by the electron microscopic mirror technique.

The 'mirror technique' was applied in immunoelectron microscopy to demonstrate the synaptic relationship between neuronal structures containing catecholamines and substance P in the caudal part of nucleus of the solitary tract in the rat, using antisera against tyrosine hydroxylase and substance P. Substance P-immunoreactive axon terminals were shown to make two types of synaptic contacts (asymmetrical and symmetrical) with catecholaminergic neurons. It is concluded that substance P afferents can directly affect catecholaminergic neurons in this nucleus via synapses.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The synaptic relationship between vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-like immunoreactive neurons and their axon terminals in the rat small intestine: light and electron microscopic study.

The present study demonstrates synaptic contacts between vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-like immunoreactive neurons and immunoreactive axon terminals in the submucous and myenteric plexuses of the rat small intestine. Our observations suggest that VIP afferents directly affect the VIP neurons in the small intestine via synapses.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Treatment of plasma cell neoplasm with recombinant leukocyte A interferon and human lymphoblastoid interferon.

Thirty cases of plasma cell neoplasms (24 multiple myeloma, one plasma cell leukemia, and three primary macroglobulinemia) were treated with two kinds of highly purified alpha-interferons, recombinant human leukocyte interferon (rIFN-alpha A) (16 cases) and human lymphoblastoid interferon (HLBI) (14 cases). Partial remission (PR) was obtained in two of 16 evaluable cases treated with rIFN-alpha A and in two of 12 evaluable cases treated with HLBI. If minor response (MR) was included, responses were observed in seven (31.3%) and six (50%), respectively. Response (PR + MR) was noted in 38% of 21 previously treated patients and 71% of seven previously untreated patients. Side-effects were noted in more than two-thirds of the patients. They included fever, malaise, nausea/anorexia and myelosuppression. Thus, these two kinds of highly purified alpha-interferon were effective in plasma cell neoplasm, producing unequivocal response in 14.3% of the cases without unacceptable side-effects.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Dystrophic axons in the nucleus gracilis of the normal rat containing cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity. Light- and electron-microscopic observations.

Cholecystokinin immunoreactive (CCKI) axons in the nucleus gracilis of the normal rat were studied by light and electron microscopy using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) immunocytochemical method. Immunoreactivity was found in both normal and dystrophic axons at various ages. Slightly enlarged CCKI varicosities were first observed in 2-month-old rats, gradually increased in number (max. at 21 months) and in diameter (up to 20 micron at 21 months), and then decreased (at 27 and 36 months). Dilatated CCKI fibers continuous with dystrophic varicosities also tended to increase proportionally in diameter. The dystrophic CCKI axonal profiles, first identified at the light-microscopic level and then observed under electron microscopy, had consistently characteristic features. In addition, numerous dystrophic nonreactive axonal profiles had morphological features differing from those of dystrophic reactive ones at advanced ages. These findings suggest that CCK may be partly involved in the formation of dystrophic axons in the nucleus gracilis.

Aging↗
PubMed1985

Establishment of a novel human megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line, MEG-01, with positive Philadelphia chromosome.

A megakaryoblastic cell line, designated MEG-01, was established from the bone marrow of a patient with blast crisis of Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia. MEG-01 cells grew in single-cell suspension with a doubling time of 36 to 48 hours. Under the usual culture conditions, approximately half of the cells adhered to the culture flask with extention of pseudopods. MEG-01 cells were positive for the periodic acid-Schiff reaction, alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase, and acid phosphatase, and negative for myeloperoxidase, alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase, and alkaline phosphatase. Ultrastructural platelet peroxidase was positive in MEG-01 cells. Cytoplasmic factor VIII (FVIII)-related antigen was weakly positive in larger MEG-01 cells by both an indirect immunofluorescent technique with monoclonal antibodies and a direct immunoperoxidase technique using horseradish peroxidase-conjugated conventional rabbit anti-human FVIII antibody. Platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa antigen was uniformly demonstrated on the surface of MEG-01 cells by both indirect immunofluorescent and immunoperoxidase techniques using antiplatelet GP IIb/IIIa monoclonal antibodies; platelet GP lb antigen was demonstrated only in the cytoplasm of larger MEG-01 cells. MEG-01 cells possessed no markers for B or T lymphocytes or for myeloid cells. Chromosome analysis of this cell line revealed a human male hyperdiploid karyotype with a modal chromosome number of 56 to 58. The Ph1 chromosome was observed in all karyotypes analyzed. This novel human megakaryoblastic cell line may provide a useful model for the study of human megakaryopoiesis and of the biosynthetic mechanisms of proteins unique to megakaryocytic lineage.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗