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Biomedical subjects

Y Monden

Publications and source records attributed to Y Monden.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Three cases of intramural cyst of the esophagus with ciliated epithelium].

We had 3 cases of intramural cyst of the esophagus with ciliated epithelium. In Case 1, 13-year-old man, the cyst was lined with ciliated columnar epithelium and had a smooth muscle layer. In Case 2, 37-year-old female, the cyst was lined with ciliated stratified epithelium and had some layers of smooth muscle. In Case 3, 42-year-old male, the cyst was lined with ciliated columnar epithelium and had a smooth muscle layer. In all cases, cartilaginous tissue was not found. They had no complaints and the abnormal shadow was found by chance Chest X-ray film. When the cyst did not have typical diagnostic criteria, clear division into esophageal cyst or bronchogenic cyst is difficult. The bronchus and the esophagus are of the foregut origin, so we suppose the middle type cyst, between esophageal and bronchial, may exist. In Case 2, the cyst was diagnosed as esophageal, because it had some muscle layers. But in Case 1 and Case 3, as the cyst did not have typical diagnostic criteria, we diagnosed them as the inclusion cyst of the esophagus, not as esophageal, not as bronchogenic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Sex hormone receptors in human thyroid tissues.

The behavior of sex hormone receptors was studied in the cytosol of thyroid tissue samples in order to clarify the effects of sex hormones on diseases of the thyroid. Androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PgR) were assayed using the dextran-coated charcoal (DCC) method and analyzed by the method of Scatchard. Androgen receptor, ER, and PgR were negative in all of the cytosol prepared from normal thyroid tissues. However, the positive rates for the receptors in the neoplastic and nonneoplastic tissues were 22% for AR, 29% for ER, and 18% for PgR. Especially, the incidence of ER was significantly higher in neoplastic lesions than normal tissues. These data suggest that sex hormones, especially estrogen, may play a role in diseases of the thyroid.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Cancer of the male breast.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the biological behavior of male breast cancer. We evaluated 11 cases of male breast cancer with respect to tumor growth, extent of disease, hormone receptor status, and histological grade of the malignancy, in comparison with 241 cases of female breast cancer. The duration of symptoms was 8.6 +/- 9.1 months in males and 8.5 +/- 18.6 months in females. The incidences of stages I, II, and III were 46%, 27%, and 27%, respectively, in male breast cancer, and 38%, 49%, and 13% in female breast cancer. Metastasis to the lymph node was negative in 60% of the male patients and 54% of the female patients. All cases of male breast cancer were histologically grade I according to Bloom's classification; the histological grades were as follows for the female breast cancer cases: grade I in 99 patients, grade II in 87, and grade III in 55. The rates of hormone receptor positively were 89% for ER and 86% for PgR in male breast cancer, and 64% for ER and 44% for PgR in female breast cancer. Therefore, there was no significant difference in the growth of male breast cancer and female breast cancer, but in male breast cancer the rate of hormone receptor positivity was high, endocrine therapy was effective, and the histological grade was low. Accordingly, the result following appropriate treatment of male breast cancer should be at least comparable to the results with female breast cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Testicular metastasis from malignant schwannoma of chest wall.

Metastatic malignancy to the testes is unusual. Reports of testicular metastasis of neurogenic tumor are extremely rare. Only 28 cases with testicular metastasis of neurogenic tumor have been reported in the world literature. Cases of primary malignant schwannoma with testicular metastasis have not been reported previously. We present an unusual case of a thirty-seven-year-old man who had a malignant schwannoma of the chest wall with testicular metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Measurement of the electrical bio-impedance of breast tumors.

A new impedance analytical system was developed, and measurements were performed over a frequency range of 0-200 kHz by the three-electrode method. The three electrodes consist of a coaxial needle electrode inserted into the tumor and a large reference electrode on the upper abdominal wall. The electrical bio-impedance was measured in 54 patients with breast tumors. The biological tissue can be regarded electrically as an equivalent consisting of extracellular resistance (Re), intracellular resistance (Ri), and electrical capacitance of the cell membrane (Cm). These three parameters were calculated from the measured values of electrical bio-impedance by the curve-fitting technique using a computer program. It was found that Re and Ri of breast cancers were significantly higher than those of benign tumors (p less than 0.01), and that Cm of breast cancers was significantly lower than that of benign tumors (p less than 0.01). Measurement of the electrical bio-impedance of breast tumors may have value in the differential diagnosis of breast lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Transferrin receptor expression in adenocarcinoma of the lung as a histopathologic indicator of prognosis.

Immunohistochemical reactivity with OKT9 (antitransferrin receptor) monoclonal antibody was studied in 58 surgically resected adenocarcinomas of the lung. The cell surface and cytoplasm of the tumor cells were stained in 44 cases (76 percent). The expression of the transferrin receptor (TrfR) in tumor cells was compared with histopathologic prognostic factors, such as TNM factors, degree of histologic differentiation, degree of nuclear atypia, and frequency of mitotic figures. The expression of TrfR showed significant correlation with the degree of histopathologic differentiation (p less than 0.025), degree of nuclear atypia (p less than 0.025), and frequency of mitotic figures (p less than 0.001). However, there was no definite correlation with TNM factors. These results indicate that the expression of the TrfR in pulmonary adenocarcinoma corresponds to the elevated proliferative activity of the tumor cells, and that immunohistochemical reactivity with OKT9 can be used as one of the histopathologic indicators of prognosis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Chemoendocrine therapy in DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinoma.

In the present study, chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil(5-Fu), endocrine therapy with tamoxifen (TAM), and chemoendocrine therapy with concominant use of 5-FU and TAM were performed and compared for DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinoma, a hormone-dependent tumor. The study was designed to assess the usefulness of chemoendorine therapy based on the antitumor effects and changes in hormone receptor levels. The response rates in the groups treated with 5-Fu or TAM alone and the combination of 5-Fu and TAM were 60%, 50% and 62%, respectively. There was no difference in these response rates. The tumor regression rates in these treatment groups were 22 +/- 69%, 20 +/- 54% and 46 +/- 37%; again there was no difference among the three groups. After treatment, the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) levels decreased significantly in the groups treated with TAM alone and the combination of 5-FU and TAM but remained unchanged in the group treated with 5-FU alone. The decreases in the ER and PgR levels in responsive tumors after treatment were considerably greater in the groups greated with TAM alone and the combination of 5-FU and TAM than in the group treated with 5-FU alone. However, the changes in the receptor levels in nonresponsive tumors did not differ among the three treatment groups. Moreover, there were no differences in the antitumor effects and changes in receptor levels between the groups treated with TAM alone and the combination of 5-FU and TAM. These results suggest that the antitumor effect observed in the combination therapy with 5-FU and TAM was mainly due to the action of TAM. In brief, the expected additive effects of chemoendocrine therapy were not observed.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1990

[Chemotherapy of thymoma].

Thymoma is a low malignant, slow growing tumor and rarely metastasizes hematogenously or lymphogenously. Therefore, the local treatment by surgery or irradiation has been the main therapy for this tumor. In this paper, we reviewed the chemotherapy for thymoma in literature. Cis-platinum, doxorubicin, vincristine, cyclophosphamide and corticosteroid are mainly used by various dosages and various combinations. Papers concerning the chemotherapy for thymoma were reports of a single or a few cases. The chemotherapy is now effective for some kinds of malignant tumor. The chemotherapy for thymoma should be systematically studied.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1990

An immunohistochemical study of thymic epithelial tumors. III. The distribution of interdigitating reticulum cells and S-100 beta-positive small lymphocytes.

We report an immunohistochemical study of the distribution and number of interdigitating reticulum cells (IDC) and S-100 beta-positive small lymphocytes (S-100 beta + lymphocytes) in 53 thymomas and 11 thymic carcinomas. All 53 thymomas showed the presence of IDC in the tumor parenchyma. In most cases of predominantly lymphocytic and mixed-type thymoma, IDC clustered in areas, that corresponded to locations that had medullary differentiation and contained accumulated mature lymphocytes. By contrast, in most of the predominantly epithelial-type thymomas, IDC were scattered rather than forming clusters. The distribution and number of IDC were correlation with the histological type of thymoma but not with invasiveness. In thymic carcinomas, IDC were scattered in tumor nests. In 47 of the 53 thymomas (89%), infiltrating S-100 beta + lymphocytes were readily recognized. The remaining six cases without S-100 beta + lymphocytes were noninvasive thymoma. We conclude that the degree of S-100 beta + lymphocyte infiltration is correlated with the stage of thymoma and may be a marker of thymoma malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Sex hormone-binding globulin in breast cancer].

Serum level of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) was measured by immunoradiometric assay in fifty two breast cancer patients and twenty nine healthy female volunteers. The results are as follows: 1) Although the serum SHBG concentration showed no significant difference between the breast cancer group and the healthy control group, the serum SHBG concentration in postmenopause was significantly higher in the breast cancer group (63.8 +/- 31.2nmol/ml/ml; mean +/- S.D.) than in the healthy control group (40.1 +/- 15.4nmol/ml). 2) Subsequently in the postmenopausal breast cancer group, the serum SHBG concentration was significantly higher in the estrogen receptor (ER)-negative cancer group (97.8 +/- 12.7nmol/ml) than in the ER-positive cancer group (55.8 +/- 32.1nol/ml). 3) No significant relationships were showed between the serum SHBG concentration and obesity or serum estradiol concentration in postmenopausal patients. 4) The serum SHBG concentration showed significant decrease 3 months after radical operation for breast cancer in postmenopausal patients. These results suggest the possibility of the SHBG synthesis in breast cancer tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A case of bronchogenic cyst with high production of antigen CA 19-9.

A 35-year-old man was hospitalized with complaints of retrosternal pain and high fever. A chest radiograph showed a large round mass in the mediastinum. Of the several tumor markers in the serum tested, only CA 19-9 was elevated. Thoracotomy revealed a cystic mass with purulent hemorrhagic materials. Histologically the cyst was lined by bronchial epithelium with no evidence of malignancy. The high level of CA 19-9 in the cystic fluid, and positive immunohistochemical staining of the bronchial glands in the cyst wall for CA 19-9 indicated that the elevated serum level of CA 19-9 originated from the bronchogenic cyst after its infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

CEA and CA 19-9 in benign pulmonary or mediastinal cystic lesions.

Serum carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 was present at high levels in pulmonary sequestration, mediastinal bronchogenic cysts, and mediastinal mature teratomas. The fluid in the cysts of the lesions contained a high level of CA 19-9. After operation, the titer of serum CA 19-9 returned to normal ranges. Histological studies showed that mucosal epithelium stained positively for CA 19-9. We speculate that CA 19-9 concentrated in the cystic lesion might flow into the peripheral blood. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was also present at high levels in the cyst fluid. CEA was positively stained in the epithelial cells using a polyclonal antibody but not a monoclonal antibody. The CEA detected at high concentration in the fluid was considered to be immunologically cross-reacting CEA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Lung cancer in chromate workers: high-risk group for multiple lung cancer.

We diagnosed eight (8.9%) lung cancer patients in 90 workers exposed to chromate compounds. The duration of exposure ranged from 8 to 31 years, with a mean value of 18 +/- 8 years. The histological classification was squamous-cell carcinoma in seven patients and adenocarcinoma in one patient. The site of origin of the primary tumors was located peripherally in two (25%) and centrally in six (75%). All but one of these patients underwent surgery. In three (37.5%) of these patients, lung cancer foci were detected during the postoperative follow-up by sputum cytology and bronchoscopy. Two of these three patients had multicentric cancer foci: double primary early squamous-cell carcinoma in one and early squamous-cell carcinoma + small-cell lung cancer in the other. In a high-risk group such as chromate workers, we should emphasize early detection of lung cancer by serial sputum cytology, chest x-rays, and bronchoscopy. Lung cancer patients with chromate exposure should be treated with due regard to the possibility of synchronous or metachronous cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Antitumour potential of pleural cavity macrophages in lung cancer patients without malignant effusion.

The present study was undertaken to examine whether the presence of primary lung cancer could affect the antitumour activities of pleural cavity macrophages (PCM) and peripheral blood monocytes (PBM). PCM by pleural lavage and PBM were simultaneously obtained from 14 lung cancer patients not showing invasion of the pleural cavity. PCM and PBM were isolated by percoll gradient centrifugation and adherence. The lavage method yielded about 16.8 +/- 9.6 (s.e.) x 10(6) cells, which consisted of 80.7% PCM, 17.6% lymphocytes and 1.6% other cells. The cytotoxic activities of PCM and PBM against allogeneic melanoma (A375) cells were assessed by a 72h 125I-IUdR release assay. The lavaged PCM showed spontaneously high tumour cytotoxic activity which was dependent on the effector/target ratio. In 13 out of 14 cancer patients, PCM were significantly more cytotoxic to melanoma cells than PBM. In contrast, there were no significant differences in production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) or interleukin 1 (IL-1) between PCM and PBM. When the abilities of PCM and PBM of the same patient to produce these monokines were compared, PCM produced much more TNF-alpha than PBM, thus indicating a correlation between the expression of spontaneous macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity and spontaneous TNF-alpha production by PCM. These results suggest that PCM may play an important role in host defence against invasion of the pleural cavity by cancer cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Pressure-volume curve of the remaining lung after lung resection.

In order to evaluate ventilatory function of the remaining lung after lobectomy, using dogs, we measured the pressure-volume curve of the right lower lobe separately from the other lobes. The right lower lobe bronchus was surgically separated from the other bronchi and the expiratory volume of the right lower lobe was measured independently. The dogs were put in an airtight box. Transpulmonary pressure and expiratory volume in the right lower lobe were measured before lobectomy, after the left upper lobectomy and subsequently after the right upper and middle lobectomy. As a result, the esophageal pressure at endoexpiratory state became more subatmospheric following the lobectomies and the pressure-volume curves of right lower lobe shifted down to the right. Though the right lower lobe was intact after surgery, the pressure-volume curve shifted. This might be caused by the imbalanced postoperative volume of the lung and thoracic cage, and it is one of the problems remaining after lobectomy.

Animals↗