Biomedical subjects

Y Mizukami

Publications and source records attributed to Y Mizukami.

299 records · Page 17Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Differential (Ha-, K- and N-) ras p21 expression in benign and malignant human thyroid tumors: an immunohistochemical study.

An immunohistochemical study of 24 thyroid carcinomas, 10 thyroid adenomas and 10 normal thyroids was performed using monoclonal antibodies directed against each of the three members of ras p21s; Ha-, K- and N-ras p21. Normal thyroids showed a negative staining for all of the three ras p21s. The expressional levels of the three ras p21s were various in each benign and malignant thyroid tumor, but a higher expression of Ha- and N-ras p21 and a lower or negative expression of K-ras p21 was a common finding in thyroid tumors of all histologic categories. There were no correlations between the expressional levels of ras p21s and the histologic subtypes, tumor size or lymph node status in the thyroid carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Secretory carcinoma of the breast associated with juvenile papillomatosis in a 12-year-old girl. A case report.

A rare case of juvenile secretory carcinoma (SC) associated with juvenile papillomatosis (JP) is described. Tumor biopsy and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) were performed in a 12-year-old girl who had noticed a painful right breast mass. One of the two types of tumor cells found on FNAC smears formed mainly sheets or clusters, intercellular spaces within the sheets and intracytoplasmic vacuolation. These cells, a few of which had a signet-ring cell appearance with completely disordered and randomly arranged nuclei, were considered to be SC cells. Cells of the other type were found in scattered papillary clusters and had well-defined cytoplasmic borders, uniform cell and nuclear size, and an orderly nuclear arrangement, suggesting a benign papillary lesion. Histologic examination of the tumor biopsy and breast quadrantectomy specimens revealed SC with JP. The cytologic, histologic and electron microscopic features of SC are described, and the relationship between SC and JP is discussed.

Biopsy, Needle↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Small giant cell carcinoma of the lung diagnosed preoperatively by transthoracic aspiration cytology. A case report.

Giant cell carcinoma (GCC) of the lung is considered an aggressive form of lung cancer. Most patients with GCC have large tumors with widespread metastases on hospital admission. We describe a small GCC in the lower lobe of the right lung. Preoperative aspiration cytology showed numerous bizarre, giant epithelial cells, highly suggestive of GCC. The resected tumor measured 1.2 x 1.0 x 0.7 cm in diameter, with an ill-defined margin. Histologically the tumor was composed of pleomorphic mononucleate or multinucleate giant cells without adenocarcinoma or squamous cell differentiation. The tumor cells were loosely organized and noncohesive or free in the alveolar space. The histology was interpreted as GCC of the lung. The clinicopathologic features of giant cell carcinoma are discussed.

Biopsy, Needle↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Immunohistochemical demonstration of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) in human thyroid tissues from various thyroid diseases.

Human thyroid peroxidase (hTPO) was detected immunohistochemically in 61 normal, benign and malignant thyroid tissues with a monoclonal antibody (38E) against hTPO using paraffin-embedded sections. Thyroid peroxidase was expressed intensely not only in tissues from Graves disease and hyperfunctioning adenomas, but also in those from carcinomas, adenomas and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The staining pattern of TPO in the follicular cells was a diffuse and fine granular one in the normal thyroids, Graves' thyroids and adenomas, but abnormal coarse granular deposits of TPO were characteristically identified in most of the papillary carcinomas and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. These coarse granular deposits of TPO suggested that qualitative or structural changes in the TPO molecule are present in carcinomas and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Consequently, these qualitative changes in TPO may be responsible for the lack of biochemically measured TPO activity in these diseases. This finding may also be useful in distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid tumors.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Tumor proliferation-related markers in papillary thyroid carcinomas: correlation with histologic subtypes.

Four sorts of tumor proliferation-related markers were studied in 50 papillary carcinomas of the thyroid, and the results were correlated with the histologic subtypes of papillary thyroid carcinoma, which have been shown to be associated with the prognosis of the disease. The mitotic count analyzed by light microscopy, the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the epidermal growth factor (EGF) expressions by immunohistochemical analysis, and the ploidy status analyzed by DNA flow cytometry were used as the proliferation-related markers in this study. The presence of mitoses, high PCNA score and DNA aneuploidy did not correlate with the histologic subtypes, patient age, sex or the tumor extent. Only EGF expression was significantly correlated with the histologic subtypes. This finding suggests that EGF expression may be the most reliable marker to predict the prognosis of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Multivariate study of prognostic factors for differentiated thyroid carcinoma: the significance of histologic subtype.

We re-examined 239 patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (222 with papillary carcinoma and 17 with follicular carcinoma) especially for the clinico-pathologic entity of poorly differentiated carcinoma, and made univariate and multivariate analyses of the results to evaluate whether it would be of value in estimating the prognosis in thyroid cancer patients. In the univariate study, no significant difference was found in either survival and disease-free survival between papillary and follicular carcinomas, but between well differentiated and poorly differentiated carcinomas. In the multivariate study, however, the presence of poorly differentiated carcinoma did not appear to be an unfavorable prognostic factor. The sex, tumor size, and presence of distant metastases or grossly malignant residue in the neck after operation were, on the other hand, confirmed by the analyses to be important prognostic factors. We concluded that histologic subclassification may be less useful in estimating the prognosis in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma than other factors such as sex and the extent of the tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Recurrence and mortality in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

We examined the factors associated with increased recurrence and/or mortality of 195 patients with primary differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Of 171 patients who underwent at least, resection of the primary macroscopic tumor (curable), 26 patients (15%) developed recurrence and 6 of these patients died from the disease. Sixteen (67%) of 24 patients with initial distant metastasis or grossly malignant tumor residua in the neck after the operation (non-curable patients) died from the disease. In the curable patients, age, sex and tumor size correlated significantly with recurrence and/or mortality. When the characteristics of patients who died after recurrence were compared to those who survived after recurrence, however, only the patient's age correlated significantly with mortality. In the non-curable patients, the histologic subtype correlated significantly with mortality. It may be concluded, therefore, that the risk factors which affect mortality in differentiated thyroid cancer differ between curable and non-curable patients.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗

PubMedDate not supplied

N-myc protein expression in human breast carcinoma: prognostic implications.

The overexpression of N-myc gene and its protein products has been thought to be limited to cases of neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma and small cell lung carcinoma, but there is increasing evidence of its wider distribution in human tumors. This study showed that the protein of N-myc gene is associated in normal, benign and malignant human breast tissues. We found that N-myc oncoprotein is overexpressed in most breast carcinomas and that N-myc overexpression is significantly correlated with clinical stage, and histological grading of the tumors, and, more importantly with the clinical outcome of the patients. Analysis of DNA, mRNA and protein levels suggested that the high N-myc expression in breast cancer occurs without concomitant gene amplification. The finding of a direct inverse correlation between N-myc overexpression and the prognosis of patients with breast carcinoma suggests that N-myc expression may be useful as a prognostic factor in human breast cancer.

Breast Neoplasms↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Myelolipoma of the adrenal gland found incidentally during abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography examinations.

We report a case of adrenal myelolipoma found incidentally during abdominal ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) examinations for hypertension. The patient was a 34-year-old woman with a history of hypertension. In June 1992, she complained of dizziness and easy fatigability and went to a hospital, where she was diagnosed as very hypertensive. She was hospitalized for further examinations. Abdominal US and CT incidentally revealed a right adrenal tumor. The tumor was visualized as a hyperechoic mass on US and an inhomogeneous low density mass with inner fat density and focal calcification on CT. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging visualized the tumor as a high signal intensity mass on both T1- and T2-weighted images. Since the tumor was relatively large and the possibility of malignancy could not be completely excluded, resection of the tumor was performed. The resected tumor, which measured 5.2 x 3.8 x 2.5 cm, was located in the right adrenal medulla and was composed of mature fat cells and bone marrow elements, with all the developmental stages of hematopoietic cells. Small areas of fresh hemorrhage and calcification were found. The fat cell component showed focal myxoid change, but there were no immature or atypical cells. These features were consistent with myelolipoma. The clinical and pathologic features of adrenal myelolipoma are discussed.

Abdomen↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Breast conserving treatment versus modified radical mastectomy in Japanese patients with operable breast cancer.

From January, 1988 to October, 1995, 96 patients with operable breast cancer were treated by breast conserving treatment (BCT) including wide excision and axillary dissection followed by breast radiation. During the same period, 188 patients were treated by modified radical mastectomy (MRM) with or without breast reconstruction. In order to compare the survival of BCT and MRM groups, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed in this retrospective study. Univariate analysis revealed that the 5-year survival rates in the BCT and MRM groups were 97% +/- 2% and 87% +/- 3%, respectively (p < 0.05 with the Cox-Mantel test). However, the baseline variables were different between the groups. The adjusted Cox regression analysis revealed that the results of BCT were almost equivalent with those of MRM. Moreover, no breast recurrence was found in the BCT group. Therefore, it is suggested that our technique of BCT is as effective as modified radical mastectomy in treating operable breast cancer in Japanese patients.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Advanced endocrine cell carcinoma of the gallbladder: a patient with 12-year survival.

Gallbladder carcinoid is a rare disease. In previous reports, classical carcinoid, an entity with a good prognosis, has not been distinguished from endocrine cell carcinoma, a tumor associated with marked cell atypia and mitosis, and a poor prognosis. The patient was a 66 year old woman who presented to our hospital with a chief complaint of jaundice. Pre-operatively, she was diagnosed as having advanced gallbladder carcinoma invading the liver and the hepatic hilus. The patient underwent right hepatic trisegmentectomy with en bloc resection of the caudate lobe and extrahepatic bile ducts, extended lymph node clearance and left hepaticojejunostomy. Histopathological examination showed positive Grimelius staining, marked mitosis, and intense atypism, hence, the tumor was diagnosed as an endocrine cell carcinoma. Twelve years after surgery, the patient is healthy, without any sign of recurrence. We present this novel case of long-term survival and review the literature.

Aged↗