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Biomedical subjects

Y Miyauchi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Miyauchi.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Transplantable osteosarcomas with high lung metastatic potential in Fischer 344 rats.

Both spontaneous (SOS) and 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline 1-oxide (4-HAQO)-induced osteosarcomas (COS) could be serially transplanted in the subcutaneous back space of syngeneic F344 rats, the success rate becoming 100% within 5 passage generations. Transplanted tumors demonstrated rapid growth and displayed high potential for metastasis to the lung in later generations. Thus, a 100% lung metastasis rate was observed for SOS after the 20th and for COS after the 14th generation. The histological features of the primary SOS and COS were retained during serial transfer. These model systems should be useful for investigation of the biology of this very important tumor type.

4-Hydroxyaminoquinoline-1-oxide↗
PubMed1988

Response of peripheral venous pressure and plasma catecholamine concentration to supine leg exercise--a study in patients with mild congestive heart failure.

We measured the peripheral venous pressure (VP) in supine leg exercise in 25 "normal" subjects and 122 patients with primarily left-sided heart diseases (NYHA class I = 68, class II = 54 cases) to determine whether or not plasma catecholamine concentration would increase in patients with mild congestive heart failure, in response to dynamic exercise. Cardiac patients (n = 122) were divided into 2 groups on the basis of VP increment (delta VP): Group N had 60 patients with delta VP less than 35 mmH2O, and Group H had 62 patients with delta VP in excess of 35 mmH2O. Plasma concentrations of noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (A) were measured before and during leg exercise. The relation between delta VP, NA and A, and the relation between delta VP and increments of NA (delta NA) and of A (delta A) by leg exercise were studied in both the cardiac patients and the "normal" subjects (Group C). (1) NA at rest was 0.225 +/- 0.016 ng/ml (mean +/- SE) in Group C and 0.216 +/- 0.009 ng/ml in Group N. It was 0.468 +/- 0.026 ng/ml in Group H, which was significantly higher than in Group C (p less than 0.001), or Group N (p less than 0.001). (2) delta NA was 0.051 +/- 0.009 ng/ml (mean +/- SE) in Group C, 0.067 +/- 0.007 ng/ml in Group N, and 0.249 +/- 0.019 ng/ml in Group H. There was a statistically significant difference in delta NA between Groups C and H (p less than 0.001) and between Groups N and H (p less than 0.001). (3) There was no significant difference between the three groups in A at rest, or in delta A. (4) There was a correlation between delta VP and NA at rest (r = 0.614, p less than 0.001) and between delta VP and delta NA (r = 0.708, p less than 0.001). These data suggest that sympathetic nervous activity increased in the patients with high delta VP but without overt heart failure, and that the constriction of the capacitance vessels caused by an increase in NA could be at least one of the mechanisms involved in raising the delta VP in those patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Assay of rat plasma pyruvate kinase activity with luciferin-luciferase.

An assay method for pyruvate kinase in rat plasma is described. Plasma samples were incubated with ADP and phosphoenolpyruvate in Tris buffer solution. The ATP produced by pyruvate kinase was measured by photocounting after the addition of a commercially available luciferin-luciferase preparation. Interference by ATP or adenylate kinase originally present in the sample was removed by a high degree of dilution. The assay is sensitive, reproducible, and rapid, especially when used for large numbers of samples. By this method, pyruvate kinase activity in normal rats was determined to be 0.51 +/- 0.05 (n = 6) U/ml plasma. In rats fed a vitamin E-deficient basal diet for 7, 10, or 14 weeks, pyruvate kinase activities were 0.70 +/- 0.11, 1.64 +/- 0.51, and 4.28 +/- 0.85 (n = 6) U/ml plasma, respectively. This method appears to be useful for the determination of pyruvate kinase activity in nutritional or pharmacological studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

A new tactic for the treatment of jaundice: an injectable polymer-conjugated Bilirubin oxidase.

Bilirubin oxidase (BOX) derived from Myrothecium verrucaria was modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG). When the conjugated PEG-BOX was given intravenously to rats, its plasma half-life was 20 times longer than that of native BOX. In our preliminary investigations with experimentally jaundiced rats, the plasma bilirubin level dropped to normal after only one injection, and the low bilirubin level could be maintained for 12-48 hr; native BOX had a transitory suppressive effect that lasted only a few hours. The antigenicity of PEG-BOX was greatly reduced as expected. PEG-BOX appears to have potential value for the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia observed in such diseases as fulminant hepatitis and neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Anticancer effects of arterial administration of the anticancer agent SMANCS with lipiodol on metastatic lymph nodes.

A new method of arterially administering an oily anticancer agent was successfully established for the selective targeting of metastatic lymph nodes. A high molecular weight anticancer agent, a conjugate of copolymer (styrene maleic acid) to neocarzinostatin (SMANCS) was prepared in our laboratory and dissolved in a lymphographic oily contrast medium, Lipiodol (SMANCS/Lipiodol). SMANCS/Lipiodol was administered intraoperatively to eight patients with colorectal cancer and preoperatively to one patient with gastric cancer with lymph node metastases. In six of the patients with colorectal cancer, the drug was administered via an artery and in the other two patients the drug was injected into the wall of the colon near the primary cancer. In the patient with gastric cancer, the drug was administered via the left gastric artery. Delivery of the drug to the lymph nodes was examined roentgenologically and the anticancer effect was examined histologically. The results showed that SMANCS/Lipiodol could be delivered to the metastatic lymph node via the artery, but it could not be delivered to the metastatic lesion of the lymph node via the lymphatic route. In the patient with gastric cancer, SMANCS/Lipiodol preoperatively administered via an artery was found to remain selectively in a metastatic lymph node and an anticancer effect was histologically proved in all three of the metastatic lymph nodes.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1987

Reduction of hepatic metastases in rabbits by administration of an oily anticancer agent into the portal vein.

We studied a prophylactic chemotherapy against hepatic metastases arising from the shedding of tumor cells into the portal circulation. The therapy was done with a lymphographic oily contrast medium, Lipiodol, and a high molecular weight anticancer agent named poly(styrene-maleic acid) copolymer conjugated neocarzinostatin (SMANCS), developed in our laboratory. SMANCS was dissolved in Lipiodol by sonication (SMANCS/Lipiodol, 1 mg of SMANCS in 1 ml of Lipiodol). Twelve rabbits were simply inoculated with the highly malignant carcinoma VX-2. Fifteen rabbits were given injections of SMANCS in glucose and Lipiodol into the portal vein and were subsequently inoculated with the tumor cells. Eighteen were given injections of SMANCS/Lipiodol and then the tumor cells. These rabbits were killed 12 days later. Thirteen were given injections of the tumor cells alone and were allowed to survive. Sixteen were given injections of SMANCS/Lipiodol and then with the tumor cells; they were allowed to survive. Rabbits given injections of SMANCS/Lipiodol before tumor inoculation had significantly fewer (P less than 0.001) metastases than those not treated or those given SMANCS in glucose and Lipiodol. Survival was significantly longer [P less than 0.005; 36.0 +/- 7.7 (SD) days] with SMANCS/Lipiodol before tumor inoculation than without treatment [23.5 +/- 3.0 days]. SMANCS/Lipiodol has a prolonged anticancer effect because it remains in the portal vein and allows sustained drug release from the oil (Lipiodol) to aqueous spaces. Hepatic metastases might be prevented by portal administration of the appropriate oily anticancer agent.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

New technique for pancreaticojejunostomy using a biological adhesive.

A new technique of pancreaticojejunostomy using a fibrin glue biological adhesive system (BAS) after pancreaticoduodenectomy is reported. Pancreaticojejunostomy was performed on 112 patients between 1971 and 1985. Forty-two of the patients received BAS application (Group I), but the remaining seventy did not (Group II). To evaluate more precisely the effectiveness of BAS, 22 patients in Group I (Group I-ST) and 26 patients in Group II (Group II-ST) who were operated upon by the same surgeon during the same period were reviewed retrospectively. The selection of patients for the use of BAS was randomized. In Group I-ST, one patient had a minor leak; no major leaks or operative deaths occurred. Two of the twenty-six patients in Group II-ST had minor leaks and one patient had a major leak causing death. This new technique for pancreaticojejunostomy using a biological adhesive system may be useful for preventing anastomotic leaks, especially in a patient with a normal pancreas.

Bandages↗
PubMed1987

Intoxication with sulindac, tiaramide hydrochloride and diclofenac sodium.

Overdosage intoxication of sulindac, tiaramide and diclofenac caused excitability of central nervous system, followed by unconsciousness. The case was treated with ordinary therapies and direct hemoperfusion (DHP). Serum concentrations of these drugs and their metabolites were correlated well with the clinical symptoms. DHP may be effective to eliminate these drugs and their metabolites.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Intracranial pressure following cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Intracranial pressure (ICP) was measured in six patients following cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The causes of cardiac arrest were respiratory or circulatory problems and the primary intracranial pathology was not detected. The measurement of ICP started 3 to 10 h following CPR except one patient in whom it started on the day 7. Duration of ICP measurement ranged from 2 to 7 days. In five out of six patients, ICP persistently remained below 20 mmHg. In the remaining one patient, ICP elevation associated with seizure activity was observed and ICP ultimately increased to 57 mmHg. Among these, four patients died and two remained in a persistent vegetative state. These results suggest that ICP following CPR does not necessarily increase if the patient has no primary intracranial pathology or seizures.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Fish skin type I collagen: wide distribution of an alpha 3 subunit in teleosts.

1. Skin Type I collagen was isolated from 15 species of teleosts. 2. Chromatographic and electrophoretic analyses revealed that most of the teleost skin collagens possessed a unique subunit, alpha 3, which had not been detected in other vertebrate Type I collagens. 3. The skin collagen seems to exist as an alpha 1 alpha 2 alpha 3 heterotrimer in many teleosts and as an (alpha 1)2 alpha 2 heterotrimer in some teleosts.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effects of dichloroacetate on the mechanical function of the isolated ischemic heart.

The effects of sodium dichloroacetate (DCA) on the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH) and the mechanical function of the isolated ischemic rat heart were investigated. Ischemia was induced by restriction of coronary flow. Perfusion with DCA caused a decrease in the tension developed (DT) and the maximal rate of tension development (+ dT/dt max), and an increase in the resting tension (RT) at low flow rates (0.6 and 0.15 ml/min). However, it did not affect the DT or +dT/dt max of normoxic hearts (3 ml/min) or hearts at zero flow rate. DCA increased PDH activity in hearts at all flow rates. It was concluded that this effect of DCA was associated with a decrease in lactate production, rather than an increase in the lactate/pyruvate ratio.

Acetates↗
PubMed1987

[A case of a solitary metastasis on the surface of the liver by dissemination after resection of an ovarian tumor].

A 46-year-old woman underwent total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for a granulosa cell tumor of the ovary ten years ago. Six years later, she underwent a resection of the retroperitoneal tumor because of a retroperitoneal metastases of the ovarian tumor. Four years after, a second operation was carried out for a solitary metastasis on the surface of the liver of the right subphrenic space. It proved to be a disseminated metastasis from the ovarian tumor. The angiography showed that the tumor was being fed by the hepatic artery and, one month later, the tumor was resected. Such a case history of a disseminated solitary metastasis is very rare and seldom reported in the literature.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1987

[Prevention of hepatic metastases in rabbits by administration of an oily anticancer agent into the portal vein].

We studied one kind of prophylactic chemotherapy against hepatic metastases. The therapy was carried out with a lymphographic oily contrast medium. Lipiodol, and a high-molecular-weight anticancer agent known as SMANCS. SMANCS was dissolved in Lipiodol by sonication (SMANCS/Lipiodol, 1 mg of SMANCS in 1 ml of Lipiodol). SMANCS/Lipiodol, administered into the portal vein, remained for a long time in the portal vein and was eliminated gradually through the bile and urine. SMANCS/Lipiodol (0.4ml/kg) was injected into the mesenteric vein in rabbits, which were then inoculated with the highly malignant carcinoma VX-2. Rabbits injected with SMANCS/Lipiodol before inoculation had significantly fewer hepatic metastases than the control 12 days later (P less than 0.001). Survival was significantly longer (P less than 0.005; 36.0 +/- 7.7 days) with SMANCS/Lipiodol before inoculation than without treatment (23.5 +/- 3.0 days). Hepatic metastases might thus be prevented by portal administration of an appropriate oily anticancer agent.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical experience with flomoxef in the pediatric field].

Flomoxef (FMOX, 6315-S) was given intravenously to 21 children with the following acute bacterial infections; 10 cases of bronchopneumonia, 3 cases each of purulent lymphadenitis and urinary tract infection, 2 cases of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and 1 case each of peritonsillar abscess, pyothorax and purulent meningitis. Good clinical responses were obtained in 18 out of 21 patients, and bacteriologically, all of the 17 isolated strains were eradicated. No side effect was observed except for 1 case with soft stool and 2 cases of eosinophilia. From the above clinical results, it is apparent that FMOX is a useful antibiotic for treating pediatric patients with various bacterial infections.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

[Surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis without pancreatic duct dilation].

In 11 patients with chronic pancreatitis without dilation of the main pancreatic duct, 4 had segmental lesions of the pancreas and 7 had diffuse lesions of the pancreas. Patients with the segmental lesion had a relatively good pancreatic function and were relieved from pain by surgical treatment for the segmental lesion. On the other hand, patients with the diffuse lesion had far advanced dysfunction of the pancreas and were not improved by drainage operation of the pancreatic duct. For such cases, total or near total pancreatectomy has been indicated to relieve pain at the price of creating insulin dependent diabetes. To control pain and to reserve pancreatic function as long as possible in these cases, we performed the resection of all the pancreatic nervous plexus for such 3 patients and have obtained good results, although follow-up periods are still short. This new approach may offer a means of relieving pain with preservation of endocrine function in selected patients with chronic pancreatitis, especially in patients who have not dilated pancreatic duct.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Heterotopic gastric mucosa accompanied by aberrant pancreas in the duodenum.

An operated case of a heterotopic gastric mucosa, accompanied by an aberrant pancreas tissue, in the bulb of the duodenum was reported. A 40-yr-old man complained of epigastralgia and was diagnosed to have a protruding lesion in the duodenum by roentgenological and endoscopic examinations. Partial excision of the duodenal wall including the mass was performed. Cut surface of the specimen showed a yellowish-whitish mass in the submucosal through the subserosal layers, which was covered by a papillary elevated mucous membrane. Histologically the mass was an aberrant pancreas of the Heinrich I-type and the mucous membrane covering the mass was a heterotopic gastric mucosa, consisting of completely developed fundic glands.

Adult↗