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Biomedical subjects

Y Miyanaga

Publications and source records attributed to Y Miyanaga.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Clinical usefulness of the measurement of type-II procollagen carboxypeptide (C-II propeptide, pColl-II-C) in synovial fluid as a marker of collagen metabolism in cartilage].

Type-II procollagen-C-peptide (pColl-II-C) in synovial fluids was studied in 319 patients with osteoarthritis (OA; 151), rheumatoid arthritis (RA; 141), traumatic arthritis (TA; 27) and 15 healthy volunteers using the newly developed ELISA kit. The mean levels of pColl-II-C in synovial fluids of healthy controls, OA, TA, and RA were 0.3 +/- 0.1 ng/ml, 5.9 +/- 0.3 ng/ml, 6.8 +/- 1.4 ng/ml and 1.1 +/- 0.1 ng/ml, respectively. pColl-II-C levels in synovial fluids of OA and TA were significantly higher compared to those of healthy controls and RA. It was also demonstrated that pColl-II-C levels could reflect the quantitative and qualitative change of cartilage metabolism. Therefore, the quantification of this molecule in synovial fluid could be beneficial to know the synthetic activity of type II collagen of chondrocytes, since pColl-II-C is a part of the precursor molecule of type II collagen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Grating Discs: a simplified method of testing vision in infants and young children.

We have developed a simple new method of evaluating visual function in young children about 15 to 36 months of age. Our Grating Discs system consists of six discs with a striped pattern and one homogeneous disc. One striped disc and the homogeneous disc are presented simultaneously, and the examiner observes whether the subject can discriminate between the two. The patterned discs have vertical stripes of different widths from 16 to 0.5 mm. At a testing distance of 57 cm, the visual resolution required for discriminating the grating ranges from 96 min of arc (0.01) to 3 min of arc (0.33) in one-octave steps; at a testing distance of 114 cm the required resolution ranges from 48 min (0.02) to 1.5 min (0.67). Using this system, we evaluated the visual acuity of normal infants and young children. Their ability to discriminate the finer gratings improved with increasing age, and more than 90% of the normal subjects in the 36-month group tested at 0.67. We also examined young children with known ocular pathologies and compared the results with acuity measurements obtained with the preferential looking test. The latter method gave acuities slightly better than those from the Grating Disc system, but the finding with the two techniques were generally in good agreement. Grating Discs are a simple, compact, effective tool for rapid assessment of visual function in young children.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1988

Binocular function in unilateral aphakia. Correlation with aniseikonia and stereoacuity.

Aniseikonia and stereoacuity were measured in patients with unilateral aphakia, most of whom were postoperative senile cataract cases. The New Aniseikonia test was used to evaluate aniseikonia and the Titmus Stereotest to measure stereoacuity. Ninety cases were studied, 57 (63.3%) of which had intraocular lens (IOL) implants; 27 (30%) had extended-wear soft contact lenses; and six (6.7%) had spectacle lenses. In the IOL group, aniseikonia averaged 2.8%, and 39 patients (68.4%) had good stereoacuity. In the contact lens group, aniseikonia averaged 4.6%, and 11 (40.7%) had good stereoacuity. In the spectacle lens group, aniseikonia averaged 17.8%; none of the patients had good stereoacuity. The authors concluded that in cases with unilateral aphakia, correction with an IOL implant is superior to the other alternatives in achieving good binocular function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Detection of the cross-linking amino acid, histidinoalanine, in human brown cataractous lens protein.

In human nuclear cataract, with its progression, high polymers protein mass, which is aggregated and strengthened by disulfide cross-links and other covalent cross-links, accumulates in the nuclear region to cause hardening of the lens nucleus. However, the structure of non-disulfide covalent cross-links has not been clearly confirmed yet. Recently a cross-linking amino acid, histidinoalanine, was discovered in connective tissue and is thought to cause hardening of the tissue with aging. The content of this amino acid in the lens nucleus was studied. Nuclear cataract was classified on the basis of nuclear color as described by Pirie (1986). The content of histidinoalanine was found to be 0.05 +/- 0.03 nmol mg-1 in normal nucleus; 0.06 +/- 0.03 nmol mg-1 in grade I (uniform pale yellow); 0.05 +/- 0.03 nmol mg-1 in grade II (deep yellow nucleus); 0.38 +/- 0.07 nmol mg-1 (P less than 0.01) in grade III (hazel-brown nucleus) and 3.35 +/- 2.76 nmol mg-1 (P less than 0.01) in grade IV (deep brown nucleus). The result suggests that histidinoalanine is one of the non-disulfide cross-links of lens proteins in nuclear cataract and is closely related to the grade of cataract.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Contact study of the hip joint. Load-deformation pattern, contact area and contact pressure.

Contact study of the human hip joint was performed in order to understand load-deformation pattern under compressive loading, contact area and contact pressure by our method. Weight-bearing function of the hip joint was confirmed. Deformation of articular cartilage and subchondral bone were made reasonably and joint congruity was considered to be obtained with increasing load. Neither contact area nor distribution of the contact pressure were symmetrical or concentric, and both were dependent on the magnitude of load. The relationship between weight-bearing and early cartilage degeneration was discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Clinical features of 53 cases with pustulotic arthro-osteitis.

We have described clinical features of 53 cases with pustulotic arthro-osteitis. Anterior chest wall symptoms such as intersterno-costoclavicular or manubriosternal lesions were observed in all of 53 cases. Spondylitis or spondylodiscitis was found in 18 cases. Sacroiliitis resembling ankylosing spondylitis was seen in 7 cases. Peripheral inflammatory arthritis was seen in 14 cases, which were of nonerosive, of oligoarthritis type, and cured within 1 to 2 months, leaving no residue. HLA B27 was never found, and RAW factor was negative. Histological examinations revealed nonspecific chronic inflammation of bone and soft tissue. Pustulotic arthro-osteitis is apparently distinct from known rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, and Reiter's disease. We have proposed that this condition should be classified as a member of the "seronegative spondylo-arthritis' group as designated by Wright and Moll.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[[HLA in rheumatoid arthritis (author's transl)].

Despite many reports on the association between ankylosing spondylitis and HLA-B27, most studies have failed to find a significant relationship between HLA-A or B antigen and rheumatoid arthritis. Stastny, however, showed a significantly high frequency of HLA-Dw4 in rheumatoid arthritis in 1976. The study of HLA antigens in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis are thought to be significant in view of the pathogenesis of disease. Eighty-eight Japanese patients with "definite" or " classical" rheumatoid arthritis according to the ARA criteria and 104 normal individuals were typed for serologically detectable HLA-A, B, C, and D antigens. Though small discrepancies were observed in several of the HLA-A, B, and C, antigens, they were not definitely significant. The frequency of HLA-DR4 increased to 70.5% in patients compared to 46.1% in the control (i.e. normal) group (p less than 0.001). However, the frequency increased to 80.6% in male patients (p less than 0.0005). Of interest was the significantly high frequency of HLA-DR4 in males, compared to the low frequency of HLA-DR2 (p less than 0.02). Rheumatoid patients were subdivided into different groups according to the year of onset, the presence of the the rheumatoid factor or rheumatoid nodules, the functional grade and treatment. There were no significant differences in the frequency of HLA-DR4 among subgroups. The results indicate that rheumatoid arthritis, especially in males, is associated with genes of the HLA-D region and that immunogenetic factors linked to HLA have an important role in its pathogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Experimental repair of the medial collateral ligament of the knee in rabbits.

In order to know the reparative process of the bone-ligament junction of the medial collateral ligament, the mechanical properties and histological findings of the medial collateral bone-ligament-bone preparations from adult rabbits were examined at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20 postoperative weeks. There were certain relations between the histological findings and the strength of the repaired medial collateral ligaments, but the healing process of the mechanical properties was slower and at half a year follow up the maximum load could only reach 3/4 of the control.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

A new socket design for the dysplastic acetabulum in total hip replacement.

A special socket was designed by holography for total hip replacement for the treatment of the dysplastic acetabulum and correction of the deformation pattern. Excellent clinical results of 12 cases demonstrate that the special socket design provides good stability as well as favorable redistribution of mechanical forces about the hip joint.

Acetabulum↗