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Biomedical subjects

Y Miyake

Publications and source records attributed to Y Miyake.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Radiographic follow up examination on pulpotomy in primary teeth. Treatment with formocresol paste].

We conducted a radiographic follow up and discussion concerning 125 primary teeth (46 boys and 24 girls), which were random samplings from all primary teeth which had been treated by pulpotomy with Formocresol (Pulpac V) during the period from January 1980 to December 1985 at the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic of the School of Dentistry, Hiroshima University. For the follow up examination, we used only the radiograms which were radiographically available. The results obtained were as follows: 1) At the time of final follow up examination for each treated tooth, the number of teeth judged as being successful were 50 (40.0%) and 75 (60.0%) as being unsuccessful. In particular we observed especially many teeth judged as being unsuccessful during the period from 6 to 12 months and from 30 to 36 months after treatment. 2) In this investigation, we observed all the radiograms which had been taken at the recall after treatment, and therefore the number of cases examined was 247. According to the results at the time of each follow up examination, unsuccessful cases were more numerous during the period from 30 to 36 months. 3) According to the location of the treated teeth and the age at the time of treatment, abnormal findings appeared in the majority of the unsuccessful cases within 18 months after treatment. Unsuccessful cases were more numerous for the lower first deciduous molars. Successful cases of patients aged 6 years, when pulpotomy had been performed, were more numerous. 4) Of 75 teeth judged as being unsuccessful, 24 showed internal root resorption, 24 abnormal root resorption, 51 loss of lamina dura integrity and 53 alveolar bone resorption in the periapical and/or furcation areas.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical and radiographic follow up examination on direct pulp capping in primary teeth].

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate direct pulp capping in primary teeth with calcium hydroxide agents. All utilized datas were selected from all the charts of the 3,675 patients at Pediatric Dentistry clinic of the School of Dentistry, Hiroshima University. The results obtained were as follows: 1) The number of all primary teeth where direct pulp capping, pulpotomy and pulpectomy were performed, was 2,511, and direct pulp capping was performed on 124 primary teeth (4.9%). Out of the 124 primary teeth, 100 were clinically evaluated. 2) At the time of the final follow up examination for each treated tooth, the ratio of teeth judged as being clinically successful were 94 (94.0%) and 6 (6.0%) as being unsuccessful. In the first year after treatment, the majority of unsuccessful cases were found. 3) We had many unsuccessful cases of anterior teeth on which composite resin and glassinomer cement had been filled after direct pulp capping. 4) Of 6 teeth judged as being clinically unsuccessful, 2 showed spontaneous pain, 1 discoloration of the tooth, 1 gingival swelling and 2 abscess formation. 5) Out of 100 primary teeth in the clinical examination, 66 became available for radiographic evaluation, and the ratio of teeth judged as being successful were 58 (87.9%) and 8 (12.1%) as being unsuccessful. During the two years following the treatment, we found most of unsuccessful cases.

Calcium Hydroxide↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of calcium hydroxide eugenol agents on pulp of primary teeth of young dogs. The view of early stages].

Eugenol has such effective anti-corrosion and pain-killing properties that it is widely used for dentistry clinically. We focused our attention on eugenol and made agents for pulpotomy which were mixtures of calcium hydroxide, eugenol and polyethylene glycol 4000 for a base. We attempted to use them for the pulpotomy of primary teeth of young dogs and observed the healing progress of the treated teeth during the early stages. The experiment utilized four young dogs whose primary teeth were pulpotomized by the usual method. Agents of the pulpotomy were mixed calcium hydroxide (1.0 g), eugenol (0.8 ml) and polyethylene glycol 4000 (1.2 ml). After 3 days and 7 days, these teeth were taken out to be made into histopathological specimens. We inspected them microscopically. The results obtained were as follows. 1) After 3 days, the amputated pulp which was in contact with the agents turned into necrotic layers. Degenerative, necrotic, and non-structural states were widely observed. Under the necrotic layers, there were hematoxyline dark stained layers. Also the hematoxyline dark stained layers separated from the proper pulp. In the proper pulp, there were no abnormalities. 2) After 7 days, the necrotic layers were atrophied. In the dark stained layers, the stained areas were darker than that of after 3 days and increased in degeneration. In the proper pulp, round cells appeared and with a chronic inflammatory appearance along with vacuole, atrophy and degeneration. It seemed to be affected by eugenol. Dentin bridges still has not yet formed.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[The role of cyclooxygenase products on bronchial responsiveness to methacholine in patients with sino-bronchial syndrome].

The role of cyclooxygenase products on bronchial responsiveness to methacholine was studies in 9 patients with sino-bronchial syndrome. Provocative concentrations of methacholine, producing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)(PC20-FEV1) and a 35% fall in inverse respiratory resistance (Grs) (PC35-Grs), were measured before and after oral administration of a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor (OKY-046) and a cyclooxygenase inhibitor (indomethacin). Baseline values of FEV1 and respiratory resistance (Rrs) were not altered by OKY-046 or indomethacin. Geometric mean values of PC20-FEV1 and PC35-Grs were significantly (p less than 0.005 and p less than 0.05) increased from 2.19 mg/ml (GSEM, 1.58) and 0.79 mg/ml (GSEM, 1.70) to 8.13 mg/ml (GSEM, 1.92) and 1.55 mg/ml (GSEM, 1.38) by indomethacin, whereas these values were not significantly increased by OKY-046. These findings indicate that not thromboxane A2 but bronchoconstricting prostaglandins may play a role in bronchial hyperresponsiveness in sino-bronchial syndrome.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1989

[Increase in aqueous flare by a therapeutic dose of mannitol in humans].

To evaluate the effects of mannitol on aqueous flare (aqueous protein concentration), we administered an intravenous clinical therapeutic dose to normal young adults (average age, 20.1 years), to normal older adults (average age, 61.3 years), and also to patients with diabetes mellitus, systemic hypertension, or pseudoexfoliation syndrome who were about to undergo intraocular surgery (average age, 66.4 years). Protein and cell levels in the aqueous fluid were determined with a device that measures laser light scattering in the aqueous fluid. Mannitol increased aqueous flare intensity. In all subjects, aqueous flare intensity was greatest around one hour following drug administration; the magnitude and the duration of the aqueous flare increase were significantly greater in normal older subject than in normal young adults; the magnitude was essentially the same in older adults with and without diseased barrier. The effect was reversed within 6 hours of drug administration in normal subjects. We considered the findings to represent changes in actual aqueous protein concentration and discussed the possible causes of this phenomenon.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A case of the watery diarrhea-hypokalemia-achlorhydria syndrome: successful preoperative treatment of watery diarrhea with a somatostatin analogue.

A 35-year-old man presenting with severe watery diarrhea was diagnosed as having the watery diarrhea, hypokalemia and achlorhydria (WDHA) syndrome with the elevation of plasma vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) level. Imaging diagnostic techniques revealed a hypervascular tumor at the tail of the pancreas as well as a solitary liver metastasis. During the patient's stay in hospital, he developed acute renal failure probably due to persistent dehydration and severe hypokalemia. Although these complications improved with artificial dialyses, severe watery diarrhea continued, which made it difficult to achieve surgical resection of the tumor. A new long-acting and potent somatostatin analogue, SMS 201-995 (Sandoz Ltd, Basel, Switzerland), was tested and was shown to be effective; after a few hours of subcutaneous injection of this agent, the watery diarrhea disappeared, which in turn improved the patient's hypokalemia, hypercalcemia and metabolic acidosis. Three weeks later, distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy and hepatic lobectomy were successfully performed, and the patient resumed his normal life. The somatostatin analogue has been reported to be useful in the long-term treatment of patients with inoperable WDHA syndrome. The present case demonstrated that short-term administration of this agent is also useful for improving the condition of WDHA patients at the preoperative stage.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1989

[Inhibitory effect of procaterol (beta 2 agonist) on the release of cyclooxygenase products during antigen-induced bronchoconstriction in the guinea pig in vivo].

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether procaterol (beta 2 agonist) inhibits the release of cyclooxygenase products in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) during in vivo allergic bronchoconstriction in passively sensitized guinea pigs. Antigen-induced bronchoconstriction was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with procaterol. The concentrations of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, PGF2 alpha and TXB2 in BALF significantly decreased in guinea pigs pretreated with inhaled procaterol. The concentration of TXB2, which is the stable metabolite of TXA2, a strong bronchoconstrictor, was especially markedly decreased compared with that in the control animals. These data indicate that procaterol (beta 2 agonist) may inhibit the release of chemical mediators during allergic reactions as well as directly decrease the contractility of airway smooth muscle. Consequently, regular inhalation of procaterol may be clinically useful for prophylaxis of bronchial asthma.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1989

Bull's-eye maculopathy and negative electroretinogram.

The authors studied four patients with a bull's-eye maculopathy and otherwise normal fundus. A single-flash electroretinogram (ERG) with an intense white light stimulus in the dark showed a normal a-wave but reduced b-wave amplitude (negative ERG). Other findings common to all four patients were initially normal visual acuity, subsequent progressive decrease in visual acuity, mild to moderate deficiency of color vision, normal peripheral visual field, relatively well preserved cone ERG, normal 30-Hz flicker ERG, normal EOG, near emmetropia and selective involvement in males. Cone dystrophy, retinitis pigmentosa, congenital retinoschisis, congenital stationary night blindness, and Batten's disease were excluded. The correlation between this disease and benign concentric annular macular dystrophy is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Asymmetry of focal ERG in human macular region.

Electroretinograms (ERGs) were elicited by hemicircular (half-disc) stimuli to the upper, lower, temporal and nasal maculas of 26 normal subjects, and the amplitudes and implicit times of the ERGs from opposing macular regions were compared. The amplitudes of a-wave, b-wave and oscillatory potentials (OPs) were significantly larger in the upper macular region than in the lower macular region (P less than 0.05). The amplitudes of a- and b-waves did not differ significantly between temporal and nasal macular regions, but OPs showed enormous asymmetry, with significantly larger amplitudes in the temporal retina than in the nasal retina (P less than 0.001). The implicit times of a-waves, b-waves and OPs did not differ significantly between upper and lower retina, or between temporal and nasal retina. These findings aided analysis of the ERG of a patient with a retinal defect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Studies of ocular fundus and visual functions in Kearns-Sayre syndrome--with special reference to the new stage classification].

This paper describes the fundus appearance, visual function and electrophysiological findings in five cases of Kearns-Sayre syndrome. In three of them, retinopathy was not seen before the onset of this syndrome. The characteristic "salt and pepper retinopathy" progressed to peripapillary loss of the RPE and choriocapillaris over a period of some years. The ERG, normal in the beginning, became extinct in these cases. They were also at first subnormal for the scotopic as well as for the photopic activity. We distinguished five stages of ocular manifestations in Kearns-Sayre syndrome. Stage 0: The fundus appearance and the visual function are normal. Stage I: "Salt and pepper retinopathy" occurs in the entire retina but the visual function and the ERG are still normal. Stage II: Abnormal visual function and ERG occur with retinopathy. Stage III: A chorioretinal atrophy progresses around the disc and nasal retina and the ERG becomes extinct. Stage IV: The retinopathy demonstrates the appearance of choroidal sclerosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A 5-FU, ADR, MMC combined hepatic arterial infusion therapy in non-resectable liver metastases from colon and gastric cancer].

Fifty-seven patients with non-resectable liver metastases (31 from colon cancer, 26 from gastric cancer) received 5-FU, ADR, MMC combined hepatic arterial infusion therapy. (FAMia: 5-FU 334 mg/m2 qw, ADR 20 mg/m2 q4w, MMC 2.7 mg/m2 q2w; in colon cancer, 5-FU 167 mg/m2/day continuously for 3 months and then 334 mg/m2 qw). Myelo-suppression, hepatic arterial occlusion, gastroduodenal toxicity and elevation of biliary enzyme were observed at 29%, 39%, 32% and 13% in colon cancer, respectively, and at 35%, 8%, 0% and 0% in gastric cancer, respectively. Response rates evaluated by CT-scan were 63% (1 CR + 18 PR/30) in colon cancer and 79% (4 CR + 15 PR/24) in gastric cancer. Overall median survival was 352 days in colon cancer and 449 days in gastric cancer. Concerning background factors, the response rate in the well-differentiated type of colon cancer was significantly higher than in the moderately differentiated type, and significantly low in poorly differentiated medullary type gastric cancer. The existence of extra-hepatic lesions was the most important factor in survival in both cancers. [colon cancer: (-) 740 days vs (+) 267 days; gastric cancer: (-) 517 days vs (+) 245 days]. In conclusion, this therapy yields favorable direct effects on liver metastases from colon and gastric cancer without major side-effects and complications, but effective therapy of extrahepatic lesions is required for longer survival. Now, to release colon cancer patients from restrictions of continuous infusion pumps, a phase I study of weekly high dose 5-FU HAI therapy is under way.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

Local macular electroretinographic responses in idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy.

Using focal stimuli to human macular regions, we recorded electroretinograms in 24 patients with central serous chorioretinopathy of recent onset (mean visual acuity, 20/20). The stimulus spot was 10 degrees in diameter. Intact fellow eyes served as controls. The local macular electroretinograms of the affected eyes were significantly reduced and the implicit time in each component was significantly prolonged. The mean (+/- S.D.) amplitudes, expressed as percentages of mean amplitudes recorded in fellow eyes, were 64.6% +/- 22.7% (a-wave), 49.6% +/- 21.0% (b-wave), and 15.0% +/- 21.6% (oscillatory potentials). Two to five months after the macular detachment resolved, recordings in 18 patients showed remarkable recovery of a- and b-waves and shortened implicit times. However, the oscillatory potentials showed significantly small recovery in amplitude. Since oscillatory potentials and b-waves were significantly more deteriorated than a-waves in the presence of macular detachment, and oscillatory potentials showed selective delay of recovery in the convalescent stage, central serous chorioretinopathy may involve functional disturbances in the inner retinal layer as well as the photoreceptors.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effect of site-specific mutagenesis of tyrosine-55, methionine-110 and histidine-217 in porcine kidney D-amino acid oxidase on its catalytic function.

To assess the contributions of Tyr-55, Met-110 and His-217 in porcine kidney D-amino acid oxidase (EC 1.4.3.3, DAO) to its catalytic function, we constructed three mutant cDNAs coding for the enzymes possessing Phe-55, Leu-110 and Leu-217 by site-specific mutagenesis. The mutant and wild type cDNAs could be expressed in vitro with similar efficiency. The three mutant enzymes thus synthesized showed catalytic activities comparable to that of the wild type oxidase. It is concluded that Tyr-55, Met-110 and His-217 are not directly involved in the catalytic function.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA encoding human kidney D-amino acid oxidase.

cDNA clones encoding D-amino acid oxidase were isolated from a human kidney cDNA library by hybridization with cDNA for the pig enzyme. The cDNA insert of 2.0 kilobase pairs long provided coding information for a protein consisting of 347 amino acids. The molecular mass of the enzyme was calculated to be 39,410 Da. The amino acid sequence similarity between the pig and human enzymes is 84.4%, and among the active site residues proposed from chemical modification studies, methionine-110 of the pig enzyme was replaced by threonine. Northern blot analysis confirmed the expression of an mRNA of 2.0 kilobases encoding the D-amino acid oxidase in human kidney.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

In vivo and in vitro expression of porcine D-amino acid oxidase: in vitro system for the synthesis of a functional enzyme.

In vivo expression of D-amino acid oxidase (EC 1.4.3.3, DAO), one of the principal and characteristic enzymes of the peroxisomes of porcine kidney, was examined by use of cloned complementary DNA [Fukui, K., Watanabe, F., Shibata, T., & Miyake, Y. (1987) Biochemistry 26, 3612-3618]. RNA blot hybridization analysis revealed that DAO is expressed abundantly in kidney and liver, is expressed significantly in brain, but is not expressed in lung of pig. Three mRNA species were expressed in kidney and liver, but only one was detected in brain. These results show the presence of tissue-specific regulation of DAO gene expression. In vitro expression of a functional enzyme was achieved through the construction of a recombinant plasmid containing an SP6 promoter and a restriction enzyme fragment of cDNA to generate a DAO-specific RNA transcript. The in vitro translation product of the capped RNA transcript showed significant catalytic activity, which was inhibited strongly by benzoate, a potent inhibitor of DAO. The kinetic properties of the in vitro synthesized enzyme were comparable to those of the purified enzyme from porcine kidney. It is now possible to synthesize a functional D-amino acid oxidase in vitro and to investigate its structure-function relationships.

Animals↗