[A case of eosinophilic enteritis with repeated perforation of the ileum].
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Miyake
Publications and source records attributed to Y Miyake.
[Normal values of retinal response densities in multifocal electroretinogram].
Multifocal electroretinograms (ERG) were recorded from 21 normal eyes to investigate the spatial distribution and inter-individual variation of local cone responses. To compensate for the effect of refractive lenses, test distances were adjusted to obtain a constant magnification on the retina. Significant nasal-temporal asymmetry was observed near the fovea with higher response densities in the temporal retina along the horizontal meridian. No significant supero-inferior asymmetry was observed along the vertical meridian. The average coefficient variation (standard deviation/average) of retinal response density for all areas was 0.35. In the clinical application of the multifocal ERG these results must be taken into consideration.
Adult↗
[Hypertension in preeclamptic pregnant women].
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Blood Pressure↗
Striate cortical contribution to the transcorneal electrically evoked response of the visual system.
Analyses of current-source-density (CSD) and multiple unit activity (MUA) in area 17 of the cat were performed to determine the sources of the cortical transcorneal electrically evoked response. Cortical field potential, CSD and MUA profiles were obtained with multi-electrodes. CSD findings include: current sinks (inward cell membrane current) within 20 ms latency, in layers 4 and 6 of the striate cortex; current sinks corresponding to N3 (negative component of the EER; latency, 35 ms) in layer 4 and lower layer 3 with current sources (outward cell membrane current) for N3 in the supragranular layers; current sinks with latency over 40 ms in the supragranular layers. In the layers 4 and 6, simultaneous MUA was seen. When the stimulus frequency was increased or with dual stimulation, the N3 current sinks were decreased. This indicates that N1 (latency, 9 ms) and N2 (latency, 20 ms) reflect near-field potentials in layers 4 and 6, generated by geniculocortical afferents, and that N3 is a post- and polysynaptic component. It is also suggested that dipoles composed of cell bodies and the apical dendrites of pyramidal cells of layer 3, generated by satellite cells in layer 4, play a major role in generating N3.
Animals↗
Electrophysiological findings in patients with Oguchi's disease.
Seven patients with Oguchi's disease were examined by conventional full-field rod and cone electroretinograms (ERGs), spectral characteristic studies with photopically matched short- and long-wavelength stimuli (3 of the 7 patients) and electrooculogram (EOG) (6 patients). ON and OFF photopic ERG responses, recorded with rectangular stimuli, in 3 patients were compared with those of 13 normal subjects and 13 patients with complete congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB). Conventional full-field ERGs recorded after 30 minutes of dark adaptation revealed absent rod, but essentially normal cone and flicker ERGs in all patients. With the dark-adapted standard flash ERG, the a-wave amplitude was significantly lower than normal in all patients. The spectral characteristic study indicated that the ERG recorded after 30 minutes of dark adaptation represented cone activity. The EOG was abnormal in all patients examined. The ON and OFF responses of the photopic ERG were normal in Oguchi's disease patients; however the ON responses were reduced in patients with complete CSNB. The absence of a rod a-wave, with the abnormal EOG, strongly suggests that the rod itself is abnormal in Oguchi's disease. This finding differs from the report by Carr and Gouras (1965) and Carr and Ripps (1967). The normal ON and OFF responses in the photopic ERGs of Oguchi's disease patients contrast with those of the complete CSNB patients in whom only the ON response is reduced.
Adolescent↗
Rapid bone resorption adjacent to hydroxyapatite-coated implants.
This paper describes rapid bone resorption in the peri-implantitis of HA implants based on both our clinical observations of and histological research on extracted dense hydroxyapatite (HA) implants. The surfaces of extracted HA implants were rough, although they were smooth at fixture placement. Plaque formed on the necks of the implants, whereas little plaque was seen on the bottoms. The plaque consisted of cocci and rods, including filamentous bacteria. Few spirochetes were observed. Although surrounding bone was formed rapidly around the HA implant, bone thickness gradually decreased compared with the titanium implant. These facts suggest that the rigid biointegration of HA with the thin surrounding bone--that is, the overstressing of the bone--causes rapid bone resorption rather than plaque accumulation on HA.
Adult↗
A single point mutation in the splice donor site of the low-density-lipoprotein-receptor gene produces intron read-through, exon-skipped and cryptic-site-utilized transcripts.
Familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetic disorder caused by mutations of the low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene. We characterized the structures of LDL receptor mRNA transcripts in the fibroblasts of a homozygous patient carrying a single base substitution (T-->C) at the 5' splice donor site of intron 12 of the LDL receptor gene. We identified three aberrant transcripts as a consequence of intron-12 read-through, exon-12 skipping and utilization of a cryptic splice donor site. Only a point mutation at the 5' splice donor site caused the production of three alternatively spliced products. None of these transcripts produced a functional LDL receptor protein in this patient.
Alternative Splicing↗
Serine palmitoyltransferase is the primary target of a sphingosine-like immunosuppressant, ISP-1/myriocin.
ISP-1/myriocin is a new type of remarkably potent immunosuppressant, the structure of which is homologous to sphingosine. ISP-1/myriocin inhibited the proliferation of an IL-2-dependent mouse cytotoxic T cell line, CTLL-2, at nanomole concentrations. ISP-1/myriocin inhibits serine palmitoyltransferase activity at picomole concentrations. This enzyme catalyzes the first step of sphingolipid biosynthesis and reduces the intracellular pool of sphingolipid intermediates. The growth inhibition induced by ISP-1/myriocin was completely abolished by the addition of sphingosines or sphingosine-1-phosphate, but not by sphingomyelin or glycosphingolipids. These results suggest that sphingosines or sphingosine-1-phosphate are associated with CTLL-2 proliferation, and ISP-1/myriocin suppresses T cell proliferation by the modulation of sphingolipid metabolism. ISP-1/myriocin should be a useful tool for the study of the sphingolipid pathway, which has been associated with various kinds of signal transduction.
Acyltransferases↗
Ultraslow positive-muon generation by laser ionization of thermal muonium from hot tungsten at primary proton beam.
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Journal Article↗
Rapid corepressor exchange from the trp-repressor/operator complex: an NMR study of [ul-13C/15N]-L-tryptophan.
[ul-13C/15N]-L-tryptophan was prepared biosynthetically and its dynamic properties and intermolecular interaction with a complex of Escherichia coli trp-repressor and a 20 base-pair operator DNA were studied by heteronuclear isotope-edited NMR experiments. The resonances of the free and bound corepressor (L-Trp) were unambiguously identified from gradient-enhanced 15N-1H HSQC, 13C-1H HSQC, 13C- and 15N-edited 2D NOESY spectra. The exchange off-rate of the corepressor between the bound and free states was determined to be 3.4 +/- 0.52 s-1 at 45 degrees C, almost three orders of magnitude faster than the dissociation of the protein-DNA complex. Examination of the experimental NOE buildup curves indicates that it may be desirable to use longer mixing times than would normally be used for a large molecule, in order to detect weak intermolecular NOEs in the presence of exchange. Intermolecular NOEs from bound corepressor to trp-repressor and DNA were analyzed with respect to the mechanism of ligand exchange. This analysis suggests that, in order for the ligand to diffuse out of the complex, there must be significant movement or 'breathing' of the protein and/or DNA.
Bacterial Proteins↗
Brain uptake and metabolism of [1-11C]octanoate in rats: pharmacokinetic basis for its application as a radiopharmaceutical for studying brain fatty acid metabolism.
The uptake of octanoate in rat brain and its metabolism were investigated by means of intravenously injecting [1-11C] or [1-14C]octanoate as a tracer. The radioactivity in the cerebrum was increased by an injection of [1-11C]octanoate, and reached its peak level (0.33% ID/g) in about 2 to 5 min, and then decreased slowly. The cerebrum-to-blood ratio of the radioactivity increased with time over a period of 30 min. At 30 sec, [1-11C]octanoate that remained unchanged in the cerebrum accounted for only 8% of the total radioactivity, in spite of there being about 90% in the blood. By means of an injection of [1-14C]octanoate, more than 70% of the total radioactivity in the cerebrum was found to be attributable to radiolabeled glutamate and glutamine at each time point measured between 30 sec and 30 min. The results show that [1-11C]octanoate enters rat brain easily and is trapped in the cerebrum, probably in the form of glutamate and glutamine, and the usefulness of [1-11C]octanoate as a radiopharmaceutical for studying brain fatty acid metabolism by positron emission tomography is therefore suggested.
Animals↗
A case of iatrogenic growth retardation induced by a corticosteroid-containing anti-allergic drug.
A nine-year old boy developed reduced growth velocity at the age of seven. The peak plasma growth hormone (GH) response to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, GH-releasing factor and insulin was 10.2, 8.1 and 7.6 micrograms/l, respectively, suggesting that the GH reserve was slightly reduced. Serum cortisol was undetectable and urinary excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroid was low (0.22-0.31 mg/day), but there were no physical or biochemical signs of adrenocortical insufficiency. He had taken an anti-allergic drug containing 0.25 mg of betamethasone and 2 mg of d-chlorpheniramine maleate per tablet for about 2 years to treat allergic rhinitis. Catch-up growth occurred when this drug was stopped. The present case suggests that daily administration of 0.25 mg of betamethasone can induce growth retardation and that ingestion of corticosteroid-containing preparations needs to be excluded in children who develop short stature without other symptoms.
17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
Effects of lansoprazole on gastric ulcer healing and mucin content.
The effect of lansoprazole, a new benzimidazole proton pump inhibitor, on the relationship between ulcer healing and changes in mucin content was studied in gastric ulcer patients. Twenty-one outpatients with active gastric ulcers received lansoprazole 30 mg once daily given in the morning for 8 weeks. The gastric mucin content was examined by HPLC analysis of hexosamines in gastric biopsy specimens obtained from the lesser curvature of the pylorus and the greater curvature of the upper body. The ulcer healing rate for lansoprazole was 85.7% at 8 weeks. The mucin content of both mucosal regions significantly decreased to approximately 70% (pylorus 70.9%; upper body 74.7%) of the value before drug treatment. The results of this study demonstrate that 30 mg lansoprazole once daily is remarkably effective in healing gastric ulcers because of its potent acid suppression. It appears that acid inhibition is the primary factor in initial treatment. However, maintaining an altered gastric mucosal defense mechanism may have implications for the long-term treatment of gastric ulcers.
2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
Intraocular pressure in hyperbaric oxygen therapy after intravitreal gas injection.
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Adult↗
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of pro-gastrin-releasing peptide for small cell lung cancer patients in comparison with neuron-specific enolase measurement.
Our previous study demonstrated that pro-gastrin-releasing peptide(31-98), or ProGRP, is a specific tumor marker in patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Using a newly developed, highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for ProGRP, we analyzed 1,446 samples including those obtained from 478 lung cancer patients to evaluate the clinical usefulness of this ELISA. Several properties indicated that ProGRP is a useful tumor marker for SCLC. First, ProGRP was specifically elevated in SCLC patients. In non-SCLC patients and patients with non-tumorous lung diseases, its serum level was very rarely elevated. Secondly, ProGRP was a reliable marker, in terms of the marked elevation of serum ProGRP levels in SCLC patients. Thirdly, serum ProGRP levels were elevated in SCLC patients even at a relatively early stage of this disease. Fourthly, changes in the serum ProGRP level showed an excellent correlation with the therapeutic responses in SCLC patients. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is accepted as a tumor marker of SCLC patients. With the aim of comparing ProGRP and NSE as tumor markers for SCLC patients, we measured serum NSE levels in all samples collected in the present study. We found that ProGRP was superior to NSE in terms of sensitivity, specificity and reliability. Therefore, we consider that ProGRP can play a major role as a clinical tumor marker for SCLC patients.
Biomarkers, Tumor↗
Clinical and serological courses of a newborn with post-transfusion hepatitis C.
The clinical and serological course of a haemophilic baby who was transfused with 160 ml of blood containing the hepatitis C virus (HCV) (0.70 Meq. ml-1) on the sixth-post-natal day is described. He is the infant of an HCV-negative mother. One month after the transfusion, there was a marked increase in HCV RNA and a small amount of HCV antibody was detected. This case provides evidence that a newborn is capable of producing HCV antibodies.
DNA, Viral↗
Cross-reactivity between human sialyl Lewis(x) oligosaccharide and common causative oral bacteria of infective endocarditis.
The expression of sialy-Lewis(x) (sLe(x); Neu5Ac alpha 2-3 Gal beta 1-4) (Fuc alpha 1-3) GlcNAc-R) on oral bacteria producing infective endocarditis was determined by a whole-cell enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and an immunoelectron microscopy using the well-characterized anti-sLe(x) monoclonal antibody SNH-3 (mAb SNH-3; IgM class). mAb SNH-3 reacted strongly with whole cells of oral bacteria: Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus intermedius, Streptococcus constellatus, Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Eikenella corrodens and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The negatively stained immuno-electron micrograph of Streptococcus pyogenes showed many reactive gold particles on the cell surface. Our findings demonstrated the existence of immunologic mimicry between the sLe(x) oligosaccharide and cell surface antigens of many species associated with infective endocarditis. We propose the hypothesis that if these bacteria escape their normal habitats, the surface components that mimic the sLe(x) oligosaccharide might bind to host antigens of the selectin family which could promote binding to endothelial cells and, consequently, initiation of the events leading to infective endocarditis.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Microbiological features of gingivitis in pubertal children.
The subgingival microflora of 42 pubertal children (aged 12-15 years) and 18 young adults (aged 21-25 years) was investigated by anaerobic culture and phase contrast microscopy. Motile rods, spirochetes and Prevotella intermedia were elevated proportionately in pubertal children with gingivitis (median GI > or = 1); however, no statistically significant differences in enumerated organisms on selective media were observed between pubertal children and young adults. These organisms were positively correlated with the index of bleeding on probing and the gingival index of pubertal children. Pubertal children were divided into 3 distinct subject clusters according to the similarity of subgingival microbial features, and the subjects who were then selected for the gingivitis group were distributed into clusters 1 and 2. The proportions of motile rods, P. intermedia and Eikenella corrodens were significantly higher in cluster 2 than in cluster 1. These results suggest that these 2 species and motile rods which differentiated features of clusters, are useful for screening of high-risk subjects for worsening of inflammation.
Actinomyces↗