Oral beclomethasone dipropionate as an initial treatment of gastrointestinal acute graft-versus-host disease after reduced-intensity cord blood transplantation.
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Acute Disease↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Miura
Publications and source records attributed to Y Miura.
Exclusive measurement of the nonmesonic weak decay of the lambda(5)He hypernucleus.
We performed a coincidence measurement of two nucleons emitted from the nonmesonic weak decay of lambda(5)He formed via the 6Li(pi+, K+) reaction. The energies of the two nucleons and the pair number distributions in the opening angle between them were measured. In both np and nn pairs, we observed a clean back-to-back correlation coming from the two-body weak reactions of lambda p --> np and lambda n --> nn, respectively. The ratio of the nucleon pair numbers was N(nn)/N(np) = 0.45 +/- 0.11(stat) +/- 0.03(syst) in the kinematic region of cos theta(NN) < -0.8. Since each decay mode was exclusively detected, the measured ratio should be close to the ratio of gamma(lambda p --> np)/gamma(lambda n --> nn). The ratio is consistent with recent theoretical calculations based on the heavy meson and/or direct-quark exchange picture.
Journal Article↗
Analysis of donor-type chimerism in lineage-specific cell populations after allogeneic myeloablative and non-myeloablative stem cell transplantation.
We analyzed donor-type chimerism in CD3+, CD14.15+ and CD56+ cells from 36 patients who had undergone conventional-intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation (CST) and 34 patients who had undergone non-myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation (NST) for hematological malignancies. On day 28 after transplantation, all fractions in NST patients and CD3+ cells in CST patients who received a non-total body irradiation (TBI) regimen showed more frequent mixed chimerism (<90% donor cells) than those in patients who had received TBI. NST patients with acute graft-versus-host disease (grade II-IV) frequently showed more than 50% donor-type chimerism in CD3+ cells on day 14 (P=0.029). NST patients with <50% donor-type chimerism on day 14 and with <90% donor-type chimerism on day 28 in CD56+ cells had significantly poor 1-year overall survival (0 vs 91%, P<0.001 and 20 vs 74%, P=0.002, respectively). Both NST and CST patients with <90% donor-type chimerism in CD14.15+ cells on day 28 had significantly poor 1-year overall survival (14 vs 70%, P=0.005 and 0 vs 66%, P=0.002, respectively). Our data show that the extent of donor-type chimerism in lineage-specific cells appears to have an impact on outcome after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Adolescent↗
Abnormal expansion of naïve B lymphocytes after unrelated cord blood transplantation--a case report.
A 33-year-old woman underwent unrelated cord blood transplantation (U-CBT) for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)-related secondary AML. She showed impressive increases in the number of CD19+ B cells in bone marrow and CD19+27-IgD+ B cells in peripheral blood from about 1 month to 3 months after U-CBT. The serum level of IL-6 temporarily increased after transplantation, and this increase seemed to be correlated with the expansion of CD19+ B cells. Although, compared with BMT, little is known about the kinetics of hematological and immunological reconstitution in U-CBT, there was initial B-cell recovery after CBT as some described. This B cell recovery may be associated with a high number of B-cell precursors present in cord blood (CB). The phenomenon of naïve B lymphocyte expansion that we found might be associated with a high number of B-cell precursors present in CB.
Adult↗
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for regenerative medicine in craniofacial region.
The craniofacial region contains many specified tissues including bone, cartilage, muscle, blood vessels and neurons. Defect or dysfunction of the craniofacial tissue after post-cancer ablative surgery, trauma, congenital malformations and progressive deforming skeletal diseases has a huge influence on the patient's life. Therefore, functional reconstruction of damaged tissues is highly expected. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) are one of the most well characterized postnatal stem cell populations, and considered to be utilized for cell-based clinical therapies. Here, the current understanding and the potential applications in craniofacial tissue regeneration of BMMSCs are reviewed, and the current limitations and drawbacks are also discussed.
Animals↗
Diffusion-weighted MR imaging in carotid angioplasty and stenting with protection by the reversed carotid arterial flow.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Distal embolism during carotid angioplasty with stent (CAS) can be protected by a flow-reversal device. Diffusion-weighted MR imaging was used to evaluate this protective procedure and perform a comparison with the control. METHODS: Cases of CAS with protection procedures were included in this study. Sixty-five men (68 procedures) and 5 women (5 procedures), with an average age of 68.8 years, having severe carotid stenosis were treated in our department between 2002 and 2004. Eleven cases were treated with the Parodi Anti-Emboli System, with which the internal carotid blood flow is reversed by simultaneous occlusion of the proximal common carotid artery and external carotid artery. Diffusion-weighted MR imaging was performed within 1-3 days after CAS. As controls, data from diffusion-weighted MR imaging in 26 patients who had diagnostic angiography were included. RESULTS: Diffusion-weighted MR imaging in diagnostic angiography showed 11.5% appearance of ischemic spots after procedures. In the Parodi Anti-Emboli System, this value was 18.2%. In the CAS group, ischemic lesions appeared only in the hemisphere ipsilateral to carotid stenosis. There were no ischemic lesions in the opposite carotid or vertebrobasilar territory. The appearance rate of new ischemic spots was not significantly different between the control group and the group of CAS with Parodi Anti-Emboli System (chi2 test, P = .6227, Fisher exact method). CONCLUSIONS: Protection results obtained with the Parodi system were excellent and comparable with conventional angiography.
Aged↗
[Long-term results of conventional aortic valve replacement for small aortic annulus].
We studied cardiac function, clinical outcome and quality of life (QOL) long after aortic valve replacement for pure aortic stenosis. Forty-four patients in small group [St. Jude Medical (SJM) 17 HP, 19 A], and 69 patients in non-small group (19 HP, 21 A, 23 A) operated on from 1984 to 2004 were enrolled in this study. We assessed the clinical data, aortic pressure gradient, left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and ejection fraction (EF) by preoperative and postoperative echocardiography. Moreover to evaluate QOL after the operation, we performed SF-36 used for the evaluation of health and QOL worldwide. Mean follow-up is 7.1 +/- 4.8 years in small group, and 6.8 +/- 4.6 years in non-small group. There were 2 hospital deaths in small group, and 1 in non-small group. The actual survival rate at 10-year were 89.2% in small group, and 85.6% in non-small group. There was no significant difference in hospital mortality, LVMI, long-term survival rate, and the scores of SF-36 between the 2 groups. The use of small sized prosthetic valves in patients with small aortic annulus might be justified when there is no patient-prosthesis mismatch.
Aged↗
Anchorage on fibronectin via VLA-5 (alpha5beta1 integrin) protects rheumatoid synovial cells from Fas-induced apoptosis.
BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid synovial cells are resistant to apoptosis induction in vivo, whereas, fibroblast-like synovial cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA-FLS) are vulnerable to Fas-induced apoptosis in vitro. OBJECTIVE: To clarify this discrepancy by studying the contribution of the interaction between cellular integrin and matrix fibronectin (Fn), which is significantly increased in the rheumatoid joints, to the induction of apoptosis in RA-FLS. METHODS: Integrin and Fas mRNAs were measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in RA-FLS. Integrins expressed in rheumatoid synovial tissues were analysed by immunohistochemistry. RA-FLS plated either on Fn or on control poly-L-lysine were incubated with agonistic anti-Fas monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Apoptosis induction was evaluated using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated UTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) and immunoblotting for caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase in the presence or absence of anti-VLA-5 mAb. RESULTS: VLA-5 (alpha5beta1 integrin), a major integrin expressed on RA-FLS, was required for the adhesion of RA-FLS on Fn. RA-FLS plated on Fn were more resistant to Fas-induced apoptosis than those plated on control poly-L-lysine. This protection by Fn was reversed by anti-VLA-5 mAb. CONCLUSION: Anchorage of RA-FLS on matrix Fn via VLA-5 protects RA-FLS from Fas-induced apoptosis, and Fn abundantly present in rheumatoid synovium appears to afford RA-FLS resistance against apoptosis induction in vivo.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Observation of nonlinear coupling between small-poloidal wave-number potential fluctuations and turbulent potential fluctuations in Ohmically heated plasmas in the JFT-2M tokamak.
Two types of electrostatic modes with small-poloidal wave numbers (approximately 1 and 10-15 kHz) are observed in the edge region of Ohmically heated plasmas in the JFT-2M tokamak. The envelope of the higher frequency coherent mode is modulated at the frequency of the lower frequency mode. A bispectral analysis revealed that a significant nonlinear coupling among the two types of fluctuations and the broadband background turbulent potential fluctuations occurs inside the last closed magnetic flux surface, suggesting that a nonlinear process such as the parametric-modulational instability is involved.
Journal Article↗
Adenovirus-mediated interferon alpha gene transfer induces regional direct cytotoxicity and possible systemic immunity against pancreatic cancer.
We previously demonstrated a characteristically high sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) gene transfer, which induced a more prominent growth suppression and cell death in pancreatic cancer cells than in other types of cancers and normal cells. The IFN-alpha protein can exhibit both direct cytotoxicity and indirect immunological antitumour activity. Here, we dissected and examined the two mechanisms, taking advantage of the fact that IFN-alpha did not show any cross-species activity in its in vivo effect. When a human IFN-alpha adenovirus was injected into subcutaneous xenografts of human pancreatic cancer cells in nude mice, tumour growth was significantly suppressed due to cell death in an adenoviral dose-dependent manner. The IFN-alpha protein concentration was markedly increased in the injected subcutaneous tumour, but leakage of the potent cytokine into the systemic blood circulation was minimal. When a mouse IFN-alpha adenovirus was injected into the same subcutaneous tumour system, all mice showed significant tumour inhibition, an effect that was dependent on the indirect antitumour activities of IFN-alpha, notably a stimulation of natural killer cells. Moreover, in this case, tumour regression was observed not only for the injected subcutaneous tumours but also for the untreated tumours at distant sites. This study suggested that a local IFN-alpha gene therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer, due to its dual mechanisms of antitumour activities and lack of significant toxicity.
Adenoviridae↗
Reduced heat transport between edge-localized-mode bursts at low collisionality and small poloidal Larmor radius.
Nondimensional parameter dependence of heat transport between edge localized modes (ELMs) is examined for H mode plasmas. The electron heat diffusivity between ELMs is reduced to the level of ion neoclassical transport in the plasma edge region which is affected by ELM burst. At lower edge collisionality, the heat flux assigned to the heat transport between ELMs is reduced and the ELM loss power is enhanced. During the inter-ELM phase, the energy confinement time becomes larger with decreasing the edge collisionality and poloidal Larmor radius.
Journal Article↗
Role of bremsstrahlung radiation in limiting the energy of runaway electrons in tokamaks.
Bremsstrahlung radiation of runaway electrons is found to be an energy limit for runaway electrons in tokamaks. The minimum and maximum energy of runaway electron beams is shown to be limited by collisions and bremsstrahlung radiation, respectively. It is also found that a massive injection of a high-Z gas such as xenon can terminate a disruption-generated runaway current before the runaway electrons hit the walls.
Journal Article↗
Production of the neutron-rich hypernucleus 10LambdaLi in the (pi-,K+) double charge-exchange reaction.
In order to produce a neutron-rich Lambda hypernucleus for the first time, we carried out an experiment by utilizing the (pi-,K+) double charge-exchange reaction on a 10B target. We observed the production of a 10LambdaLi hypernucleus. The cross section for the Lambda bound region was found to be 11.3+/-1.9 nb/sr with the 1.2 GeV/c incident momentum, which is compared with the 10LambdaB hypernucleus production cross section, 7.8+/-0.3 microb/sr, in the (pi+,K+) reaction with a 1.05 GeV/c incident momentum beam.
Journal Article↗
Successful engraftment in crossmatch-positive HLA-mismatched peripheral blood stem cell transplantation after depletion of antidonor cytotoxic HLA antibodies with rituximab and donor platelet infusion.
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Adult↗
Cytolytic activity against primary leukemic cells by inhibitory NK cell receptor (CD94/NKG2A)-expressing T cells expanded from various sources of blood mononuclear cells.
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Antigens, CD↗
Isolation of bovine arboviruses from Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in southern Japan: 1985--2002.
In 1985--2002, surveillance for bovine arboviruses was conducted in Kagoshima, located in the most southern part of the main islands of Japan and known to be an area where bovine arboviral diseases have frequently been epidemic. Culicoides biting midges were collected in a cowshed by light traps. A total of 456,300 Culicoides biting midges representing 13 species were collected, and a portion of each pool of midges were tested for virus isolation. Overall, 85 isolates of six different viruses were obtained from the collected midges. The isolated viruses included two Orthobunyaviruses, Akabane and Aino viruses; three Orbiviruses, Chuzan, D'Aguliar, and Ibaraki viruses; and one unclassified virus, a bunyavirus-like virus. The viruses were most frequently isolated from Culicoides oxystoma Kieffer (85.9% of 85 isolates). Isolations of all viruses except for the bunyavirus-like virus were made from this species. Our data indicated that C. oxystoma is a potential vector for bovine arboviruses in southern Japan.
Animals↗
A proposed prognostic formula for Perthes' disease.
UNLABELLED: We retrospectively reviewed 145 patients with unilateral Perthes' disease and compared a quantitative analysis of early radiographic signs with a predicted prognosis at long-term followup. The average age of the patients at followup was 18.7 years (range, 16.2-27.5 years). We used the age at onset and three radiographic factors as independent variables for multiple regression analysis. The final radiographic results were based on a modified Stulberg's classification as the dependent variable. Fifty patients (35%) had a good outcome, 33 patients (23%) had a fair outcome, and 62 patients (42%) had a poor outcome. The most reliable formula in the stepwise multiple regression analysis was calculated as: y = -0.697 + 0.418 (age score) + 0.860 (involvement score) + 0.248 (subluxation score). The radiographic stage at first visit had no influence on the final results. Multifactorial assessment by combination of age at onset and two radiographic factors (epiphyseal involvement and subluxation) was the most reliable for predicting the prognosis. A score of 1.5 points or less predicted a good prognosis and a score of 2.6 or more indicated a poor prognosis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic study, Level IV (case series). See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Adolescent↗
Inhibitory effects of anti-oxidants on apoptosis of a human polyclonal T-cell line, MT-2, induced by an asbestos, chrysotile-A.
To clarify the effects of silica and silicates on cellular features of lymphocytes, a human T-lymphotropic virus type-1-immortalized polyclonal T-cell line, MT-2, was exposed to various concentrations of chrysotile-A, an asbestos classified as silicate. MT-2 cells underwent apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The mitochondrial apoptotic pathway was activated during chrysotile-A-induced apoptosis of MT-2 cells, because of the phosphorylation of JNK and p38, increase of BAX and release of cytochrome-c from mitochondria to cytoplasma. In addition, anti-oxidants such as hydroxyl-radical excluders and capturers of superoxide and inhibitors of superoxide production effectively reduced the size of the apoptotic fraction in MT-2 cells cultured with chrysotile-A. These results indicate that the activation of reactive oxygen species may play a central role in asbestos-induced T-cell apoptosis, and anti-oxidants may help to prevent complications of pneumoconiosis.
Apoptosis↗