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Biomedical subjects

Y Miki

Publications and source records attributed to Y Miki.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Cytogenetic studies in a patient with porokeratosis of Mibelli, multiple cancers and a forme fruste of Werner's syndrome.

A 49-year-old man with extensive porokeratosis of Mibelli (PM) developed a squamous cell carcinoma and several carcinomas-in-situ within the lesional skin. The patient also had diabetes mellitus and a short stature with a prematurely aged appearance. The patient's father and two siblings also had PM. The patient died from metastatic squamous cell carcinoma, and at autopsy an adenocarcinoma of the descending colon was also found. Fibroblasts cultured from both the PM-affected and unaffected skin showed chromosomal abnormalities and a decreased lifespan. Cellular sensitivity to ultraviolet rays measured by unscheduled DNA synthesis and colony-forming ability were within normal limits. An association with a forme fruste of Werner's syndrome was suspected.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Adult-type systemic varicella in a female patient in course of treatment of her so-called reactive lymphocytic (T-cell) hyperplasia.

A 31-year-old woman was examined in this case. Biopsy revealed an abnormal nontumorous proliferation of T-cells in the lymph node. Clinically, the patient was treated by C-MOPP and steroid under clinical suspicion of T-cell lymphoma. In the period of observation of the course of illness, the patient contracted varicella from her real child and died on the 8th day of illness. She was examined pathologically, electron microscopically, and by the fluorescent antibody technique. Virus infections foci, which were mostly necrotic ones, were found in the parenchymatous and interstitial cells of skin, lung, adrenal gland, digestive organs, liver, lymph nodes, and genital organs. In the circulatory system, proliferative foci with degeneration of endothelial and adventitial cells were noticed in small veins or venules, but little change was found in the arterial system. Electron microscopic observation suggested a destruction of the so-called limiting basement membrane around blood vessels. This was an important finding indicative of a mechanism of viral transmission to the interstitial cell system.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[The relationship between blood alcohol level and head injury].

Alcoholic intoxication and a traumatic intracranial lesion have many features in common. It is important for a doctor not to make an incorrect diagnosis between these two conditions, but it is difficult in some cases. The effect of alcohol on the conscious level may complicate the assessment of patients and make it more difficult to recognize the development of complications such as intracranial hematoma. The most immediate and correct diagnosis can be obtained by estimating the amount of alcohol in a patient's blood although it is often difficult in the usual emergency departments in Japan. To try to throw some light on this question, we decided to attempt both clinical and laboratory diagnosis of alcohol ingestion. In 68 adult patients who had head injuries with conscious disturbance admitted to our ward at night, alcohol levels in their blood were estimated by gas chromatography, during the past 24 months. At the same time clinical examinations for the diagnosis of drunkenness were made: on admission, it was recorded whether all patients had white or red conjunctiva, whether speech was clear or slurred, whether there was a distinctive smell on their breath, and whether coordination was good or poor. Of 68 patients (63 male, 5 female), 7 had no alcohol in their blood and 61 had positive alcohol results. The mean blood alcohol level was 233 +/- 130 mg/dl. Clinical diagnosis of alcohol ingestion; The amount of alcohol in the blood correlated highly with the strength of the smell on their breath and of conjunctival injection (p less than 0.001), on the other hand, did not correlate with the speech disturbance, skillfullness of coordination and level of consciousness.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Normal human skin echogram.

Sector B-mode echograms of the stratum corneum from the top of pemphigus foliaceus bulla, 15/1,000 inch split-thickness skin graft including the epidermis and superficial dermis, and the whole skin with subcutaneous fat were compared with histologic sections. The corneo-epidermal and epidermo-dermal interfaces were not delineated either by 5, 10 or 15 MHz transducer. The subcutaneous fat exhibited an almost echolucent zone with weak echoes from the fibrous trabeculae or large blood vessels. Regional differences of in vivo normal skin echograms were studied on the forehead, abdomen, back, upper arm, thigh, lower leg and heel. The presence or absence of the cutaneous muscles, fascia or bone was clearly demonstrated. For the standard echogram of the skin, a 10 MHz transducer was considered appropriate, though the detailed echograms were obtained mostly in the deep dermal and subcutaneous structures.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1983

Successful dietary control of tyrosinemia II.

A Japanese girl, 2 years, 8 months of age, with palmoplantar keratosis and dendritic corneal opacities, showed increased tyrosine levels in the plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid. The mental and physical growth was not retarded. The hepatorenal functions were within normal limits. Electron microscopically, the epidermal keratinocytes showed increased tonofibrils and no structures suggestive of tyrosine crystals. Cytosol and mitochondrial tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) activities of the liver were greatly decreased, while p-hydroxyphenyl pyruvate oxidase (p-HPPO) activity was not decreased. The plasma tyrosine levels were controlled for 3 years with low phenylalanine-tyrosine diet.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMed1983

Preparation of membrane fraction from herpes simplex virus-infected cells which induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

The immunogenic capacity of herpes simplex virus (HSV)-infected cells and their subcellular membrane fractions was investigated by assessing the anti-HSV cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response in cultures of spleen lymphocytes from HSV-primed BALB/c mice. Methylchloranthrane-induced fibrosarcoma (Meth A) cells infected with HSV (HSV-Meth A) were fixed either with glutaraldehyde or by heating at 56 C to preserve their immunogenic competence and then used as a stimulator. Microsomes and plasma membranes were prepared from HSV-Meth A and their immunogenic activities were determined. Through the recovery of stimulatory activity in the plasma membrane fraction was half of that in the microsome fraction, the activity in the former was much more stable than in the latter and the plasma membrane fraction proved to be well qualified as an immunogen for anti-HSV CTL induction. Upon purification, the specific activity of the membrane fraction, on the basis of protein concentration, increased 43-fold.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

GABA, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and GABA transaminase levels in the myenteric plexus in the intestine of humans and other mammals.

Regional distribution of endogenous gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), its synthesizing enzyme, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and metabolic enzyme, GABA transaminase (GABA-T), were determined in the intestinal tract of guinea pigs and cats and the findings compared with the number of ganglion cells in Auerbach's plexus. There were positive correlations among the GABA contents and the numbers of neural cells of the plexus. The precise localization of GABA and GAD in individual layers (mucosa, circular and longitudinal muscles, and Auerbach's plexus) in the human and cat colon was also determined. The endogenous GABA contents and GAD activity were the highest in Auerbach's plexus in tissues of both species. These results indicate that GABA is synthesized and localized in Auerbach's plexus and probably plays a significant role in the enteric nervous system.

4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase↗
PubMed1983

Isolation of Clostridium pseudotetanicum from a patient with gas gangrene.

Clostridium pseudotetanicum was isolated along with Serratia marcescens, Proteus mirabilis, and Staphylococcus epidermidis from a patient suffering from gas gangrene who had been injured in the right leg by a power cultivator. Experimental infection of the hind leg of mice with C. pseudotetanicum and the three kinds of aerobic bacteria did not produce any different macroscopic finding in the infection site, compared with aerobic bacterial injection, except for some enlargement of the involved tissue and some slightly altered histolytic findings. Ampicillin, rifampin, and tinidazole were the most active antimicrobial agents against C. pseudotetanicum.

Clostridium↗
PubMed1983

Release of endogenous and labeled GABA from isolated guinea pig ileum.

The release of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was studied by comparing the properties of labeled GABA released from preloaded preparations to those of endogenous GABA released from the isolated guinea pig ileum. The spontaneous release of endogenous GABA was 4.46 +/- 0.10 pmol X min-1 X g wet wt-1, and the fractional rate of endogenous GABA release was much lower. The ratio of evoked to spontaneous release of endogenous GABA was high compared with that of labeled GABA. The electrical transmural stimulation-evoked release of labeled and endogenous GABA was inhibited by superfusion with tetrodotoxin and Ca2+-free Krebs-Ringer solution containing 1 mM ethyleneglycol-bis(beta-aminoethylether)-N,N'-tetraacetic acid. Thus the nature of the stimulation-evoked release of labeled GABA was similar to that of endogenous GABA. These results indicate that the released GABA is neuronal in origin and provide additional evidence for the presence of GABA-ergic neurons in the guinea pig ileum.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Activities of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase in brain tumors and antitumor effect of 5'-DFUR].

Activities of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase in brain tumors were measured and their relationship to a clinical course of the patients was investigated. Pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase is said to exist more quantitatively in malignant tumors such as Sarcoma 180, Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, Walker 256, and hepatoma, and very little in normal tissues. In brain tumors the activities were measured by bioassay and compared to that of Sarcoma 180. When the activity of Sarcoma 180 was expressed to be 100%, those of brain tumors were as follows: ten cases of normal brain less than 8.5; six cases of glioblastoma 39.3 +/- 30.7; five cases of astrocytoma 22.0 +/- 13.8; five cases of meningioma 22.4 +/- 13.7; two cases of oligodendroglioma 8.1 and 11.3; two cases of sarcoma 94.3 and 145.4; chordoma 48.0; ependymoblastoma 3.7; plexus papilloma 22.5; parotid cancer 43.4; ten cases of metastatic brain tumors from lung cancer 61.5 +/- 41.6; two cases from breast cancer 28.0 and 68.8; that from thyroid cancer 10.0; that from gastric cancer 13.5; malignant melanoma 77.2. In 12 cases of gliomas (glioblastoma, astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma) the mean activity was highest in glioblastoma (39.3), followed by astrocytoma (22.0) and oligodendroglioma (9.7). The postoperative survival time became shorter in gliomas with the higher activities. In metastatic brain tumors from lung, breast, and gastric cancer, the average time from the diagnosis of primary cancer to brain metastasis was shorter in cases with high activities and longer in cases with low activities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1983

Sequential induction of phospholipid methylation and serine esterase activation in a B cell differentiation factor (BCDF)-stimulated human B cell line.

The incubation of CESS cells with BCDF induced phospholipid methylation, i.e., 3H-methyl incorporation into phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidyl-N-monomethyl-ethanolamine, within 15 to 30 min. A threefold increase of 3H-DFP-binding was also observed in BCDF-stimulated CESS cells 2 hr after stimulation, showing the activation of serine esterase after phospholipid methylation. The inhibitors of methyltransferase, SIBA, adenosine, or HEH showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect not only on phospholipid methylation but also on serine esterase activation and on BCDF-induced IgG production; DFP inhibited IgG production but not phospholipid methylation. The treatment of cells with DFP in the presence of SIBA abrogated the irreversible inhibitory effect of DFP on IgG production. These results showed that BCDF stimulation induced phospholipid methylation that set the stage for serine esterase activation and IgG induction.

Antibody-Producing Cells↗
PubMed1983

[High-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation for malignant brain tumors].

Three patients with malignant gliomas were treated with the high-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation. In the first two cases, the autologous bone marrow cells were stored and transplanted 48 hours after single high-dose of ACNU therapy. (800 mg/m2, 600 mg/m2) One died of intratumorous bleeding on the 18th day and the other of pulmonary fibrosis on the 35th day. Their autopsy specimens revealed that most of the tumor had degenerated with only a small portion of viable cells. The third patient was treated with high-doses of ADM (100 mg/m2), VCR (1.5 mg/m2), DDP (80 mg/m2), and EX (800 mg/m2) within eight days, prior to the cryopreserved bone marrow transplantation. Granulocytes and platelets began to increase from ten days after the transplantation and became normalized within three weeks thereafter. CT scan performed six months after the chemotherapy revealed 89% reduction of the tumor. The number of our cases is still small, but the results showed that the autologous bone marrow transplantation made high-dose chemotherapy possible. The necessity for cryopreservation of bone marrow was discussed.

Adult↗