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Biomedical subjects

Y Matsushima

Publications and source records attributed to Y Matsushima.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Inhibitory effects of Helicobacter pylori infection on murine autoimmune gastritis.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Long term Helicobacter pylori infection leads to atrophic gastritis but the relation between H pylori infection and autoimmune related atrophic gastritis (AIG) remains unclear. We studied the effects of H pylori infection on the pathophysiology of AIG in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: BALB/c nu/nu mice (n=40) with or without H pylori infection received splenocytes from neonatally thymectomised mice to induce AIG. Half of the mice were orally infected with H pylori prior to AIG induction. Histological findings, and local and systemic immune responses were serially evaluated. RESULTS: Two and six months after transfer, parietal cells in uninfected mice were depleted while those in infected mice were well preserved. The degree of gland atrophy (p<0.01), hyperplasia (p<0.01), gastric pH (p<0.05), and serum gastrin levels of infected mice were significantly lower than those of uninfected mice. Serum antiparietal cell antibody levels gradually decreased in infected mice, and were significantly lower than those of uninfected mice at six months (p<0.05). Real time polymerase chain reaction studies revealed significantly higher interleukin 4 (p<0.05) and transforming growth factor beta (p<0.05) gene expression in the gastric mucosa in infected mice than in uninfected mice at both two and six months after AIG induction. CONCLUSIONS: H pylori infection inhibited the development of AIG in mice. Th2-type immune responses and transforming growth factor beta in the gastric microenvironment might be involved in the inhibitory effects of H pylori infection on the development of AIG, in which Th1-type responses have an important role.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Outcome of rehabilitation for traumatic brain injury in the UOEH Hospital].

We investigated the outcome after patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) were treated in our hospital. Subjects were 51 patients with TBI (43 men, 8 women; mean age 34.9 +/- 20.3 yr), who had been admitted to the department of rehabilitation in our hospital between 1980 and 2000. Data were collected retrospectively from the medical records. Most injuries were due to motor vehicle accidents. The percentage of patients who suffered impaired cognitive and behavioral functions was 86.3%. The percentage of patients who were discharged to their homes was 70.6%, but none of them could return to work. Patients who were severely disabled in their daily activities or had cognitive and behavioral disturbances were difficult to discharge. We need to establish a comprehensive rehabilitation approach to cognitive and behavioral disturbances for patients with TBI.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2001

Moisture permeability of the total surface bearing prosthetic socket with a silicone liner: is it superior to the patella-tendon bearing prosthetic socket?

The purpose of this study was to examine the moisture permeability properties of materials used for total surface bearing (TSB) socket with a silicone liner, a combination of Silicone Suction Socket or Icelandic Roll-On Silicone Socket (ICEROSS) and an acrylic plastic sheet (Degaplast), patella-tendon bearing (PTB) socket, a combination of Pe-Lite and Degaplast, and wooden socket made of poplar. Moisture permeability of the socket materials was measured as the diminution of water in a container after 12 hours in a climatic chamber. Eight containers with their open, top side were uncovered (no material) or sealed with one of the socket materials; the experiment was repeated four times. One-way analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni's test was applied to examine the differences in moisture permeability. Moisture permeability levels were as follows: no material, 85.9 +/- 1.3 g; poplar, 4.3 +/- 0.4 g; Silicone Suction Socket, 1.1 +/- 0.2 g; ICEROSS, 1.0 +/- 0.2 g; Pe-Lite, 0.8 +/- 0.1 g; 3S + Degaplast, 0.8 +/- 0.1 g; ICEROSS + Degaplast, 0.8 +/- 0.2 g; and Pe-Lite + Degaplast, 0.8 +/- 0.1 g. There were significant differences between the uncovered container and the others, and between poplar and the others (P < 0.05). We concluded that the TSB socket with a silicone liner is not superior to the PTB socket with regard to moisture permeability, and that it is necessary to develop a new prosthetic socket that allows heat release and drainage of sweat.

Artificial Limbs↗
PubMed2001

Drosophila mitochondrial transcription factor A (d-TFAM) is dispensable for the transcription of mitochondrial DNA in Kc167 cells.

We have cloned cDNA encoding Drosophila mitochondrial (mt) transcription factor A (d-TFAM). RNA interference (RNAi) of d-TFAM by lipofection of haemocyte-derived Kc167 cells with double-stranded RNA reduced d-TFAM to less than 5% of the normal level. Reflecting the ability of TFAM to stabilize mtDNA, RNAi of d-TFAM reduced mtDNA to 40%. Nonetheless, transcription of the ND2 and ND5 genes and their mRNAs remained unchanged for 8 days of the duration of RNAi. We thus show that d-TFAM is not essential for the transcription of Drosophila mtDNA.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2001

Workplace disability management in postpolio syndrome.

Postpolio syndrome (PPS) is generally defined as a clinical syndrome of new weakness, fatigue, and pain in individuals who have previously recovered from acute paralytic poliomyelitis. These new problems may lead to loss of employment as well as new deficits in instrumental activities in daily living (cleaning, washing, shopping, transportation, etc.), walking, climbing stairs, and personal assistance. We presented three cases of PPS with working disabilities in Japan, and stated the issues confronted with. Particularly at the workplace, PPS individuals need special supports from both rehabilitation medicine and occupational health services, including improved nutrition, achieving ideal body weight, regular and sensible exercise, frequent checkups, and modifying working conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

A critical role for IL-7R signaling in the development of Helicobacter felis-induced gastritis in mice.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Interleukin (IL)-7 is a critical cytokine in the development of T and B cells and is involved in gastrointestinal pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of IL-7 receptor (IL-7R) signaling in Helicobacter-induced gastritis. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice (n = 40) were inoculated with H. felis. Twenty mice were injected intraperitoneally with neutralizing IL-7R antibody (A7R34) every seventh day for 3 months. Histology, serum anti-H. felis antibody, and gene expression of IL-7, IL-7R, and proinflammatory cytokines in the gastric mucosa were evaluated. RESULTS: Seventeen of 20 (85%) infected mice without A7R34 developed severe atrophic gastritis, whereas there was no gastritis in A7R34-treated infected mice. There was no difference in the serum levels of anti-H. felis antibody between the 2 groups. IL-7, IL-7R, IL-1alpha, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interferon gamma messenger RNA expressions were up-regulated in control infected mice, whereas only IL-7 messenger RNA was up-regulated in A7R34-treated infected mice. Immunohistochemistry indicated positive cytoplasmic staining of IL-7 in the gastric epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest a critical role for IL-7 receptor signaling in the development of Helicobacter-induced gastritis in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Expression of sex steroid hormone receptors in human cornea.

PURPOSE: Previously we reported the occurrence of estrogen receptor alpha (ER beta), estrogen receptor beta (ER beta) and androgen receptor (AR) in mouse corneas. The present study was designed to investigate the occurrence of various sex steroid hormone receptors, including ER alpha, progesterone receptor (PR) and AR, in human corneas. METHODS: We used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to look for sex hormone receptor mRNAs (ER alpha, PR and AR) in human corneal epithelial cells obtained at autopsy. Next, using an immunocytochemical technique, we localized these receptors in donor human corneas. RESULTS: mRNAs encoding all receptors tested for were found in corneal epithelial cells obtained from male and female donor eyes. Immunocytochemical examination revealed that the receptors were located in the nuclei of corneal epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: Since receptors for both male and female sex hormones are present in human corneas of both genders, we postulate that the receptors may influence the biological functions of corneal cells through direct interaction with specific hormones.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Analysis of cytokines in the early development of gastric secondary lymphoid follicles in Helicobacter pylori-infected BALB/c mice with neonatal thymectomy.

Immunological interaction between the host and Helicobacter pylori seems to play a critical role in follicular formation in gastric mucosa. We reported H. pylori-induced follicular gastritis model using neonatally thymectomized mice. In this study, we investigated the involvement of various cytokines in this model. BALB/c mice were thymectomized on the third day after birth (nTx). At 6 weeks old, these mice were orally infected with H. pylori. Histological studies showed that follicular formation occurred from 8 weeks after the infection and that most of the infiltrating lymphocytes were CD4(+) and B cells. Neutrophils increased transiently at 1 week after the infection. Gamma interferon, interleukin-7 (IL-7), and IL-7 receptor were expressed in the stomach of the nTx mice irrespective of the infection. In contrast, expressions of the tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-4 and lymphotoxin-alpha genes were remarkably upregulated by the infection. Our findings suggest that follicular formation may require cooperative involvement of a Th2-type immune response, tumor necrosis factor alpha and lymphotoxin-alpha in addition to the Th1-type immune response in H. pylori-induced gastritis in nTx mice.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

High-resolution turbo magnetic resonance angiography for diagnosis of Moyamoya disease.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: High-resolution turbo MR angiography with zero-filling interpolation (ZFI) technique is a new vascular imaging method with reduced scan time. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate high-resolution turbo MR angiography for the diagnosis and assessment of moyamoya disease. METHODS: Forty-six patients suspected of having moyamoya disease were examined with high-resolution turbo MR angiography with the ZFI technique, MRI, and conventional angiography. Moyamoya disease was diagnosed in 42 of these patients. Blind, separate interpretation of the images was performed. RESULTS: High-resolution turbo MR angiography and MRI accurately evaluated 349 (95%) and 325 (88%) of 368 arteries, respectively, but the degree of stenosis was overestimated in the other arteries. MR angiography and MRI depicted basal cerebral moyamoya vessels in 82 (98%) and 82 (98%) of 84 hemispheres, respectively. MR angiography also depicted leptomeningeal and transdural collateral vessels in 51 (100%) of 51 hemispheres and in 38 (88%) of 43 hemispheres, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of high-resolution turbo MR angiography for the diagnosis of moyamoya disease were 98% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: High-resolution turbo MR angiography in reduced scan time is highly accurate in the assessment of both steno-occlusive lesions and collateral vessels in moyamoya disease, thus providing a highly accurate (98%) diagnosis and assessment of moyamoya disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Optimization of conditions for detailed compositional analysis of acrylic oligomers by supercritical fluid chromatography with temperature programming or modifier gradient technique.

Acrylic oligomers such as pentaerythritolacrylates (PEA), which are often utilized in the field of functionalized materials, generally consist of very complex homologous series. In this work, measuring conditions for packed-column supercritical fluid chromatographic separation of a complex PEA sample manufactured industrially were systematically examined using temperature programming or modifier gradient technique. Under the conditions thus optimized, not only the main components, PEA homologues containing different number of acryloyl groups, but also trace constituents such as their by-products formed through Michael addition reactions were favorably resolved on the resulting chromatograms. The fact that the coefficient of variation (CV) for relative intensity of each peak was approximately 3-6% even for the minor components suggested that detailed compositional analysis of PEAs could be performed precisely by the proposed method.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Effects of hostility and lifestyle on coronary heart disease among middle-aged urban Japanese.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between multi-dimensional aspects of hostility and coronary heart disease among middle-aged urban Japanese. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We conducted a case-control study. Cases were consecutive patients with acute coronary syndrome admitted to a hospital in Japan. Fifty-three patients (45 men and 8 women) aged 35 to 65 were enrolled. For each case, two sex and age (+/-2 years) matched controls were recruited from among participants in a health check-up program at a health promotion center located in the same area as the hospital. Two questionnaires, both with four components, were used to measure hostility and coping with anger: the one was for anger, hostility, physical aggression and verbal aggression, and the other for aggression, social inhibition, guilt, and controlled affect. RESULTS: The scores of all components from two questionnaires were higher for cases than controls, but the differences were not significant. Multivariate analysis showed that anger, fat intake, alcohol consumption and house size were significantly associated with the etiology of acute coronary syndrome. CONCLUSION: Anger, lifestyle, and socioeconomic status play important roles for the etiology of coronary heart disease in middle-aged urban Japanese.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed2001

[Fukuronori (Gloiopeltis furcata) extract: 90-day dietary toxicity study in F344 rats].

Fukuronori extract (FE), which is mainly composed of polysaccharides, and is an extract of the seaweed Gloiopeltis furcata, is permitted for use as a food thickening agent by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Japan. In order to study the subchronic toxicity of FE, F344 rats of both genders were administered FE at concentrations of 0% (basal diet, control group), 0.5%, 1.5% and 5.0% in basal powder diet for 90 days, and observation of general condition, recording of body weight and food consumption, examination of hematology and blood chemistry, measurement of organ weight, and pathological examination were performed. Food consumption tended to increase in both sexes given FE at 1.5% and 5.0% throughout most of the experimental period. This was, however, considered not to be a toxic effect because the differences in body weight were small. Total cholesterol and triglycerides in serum decreased significantly (p < 0.05) and not significantly, respectively, in males of the 5.0% group. These changes were considered to be related to the intake of FE, but the differences were slight and within physiological ranges. Hematological and pathological examination revealed neither any particular adverse effect nor any significant difference from the control. Hence, dietary intake of 5.0% of FE, 3,362 mg/kg/day for males and 3,594 mg/kg/day for females as mean daily intake, for 90 days was considered to be a no observable adverse effect level in rats.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2001

Four strains of spontaneously hyperlipidemic (SHL) mice: phenotypic distinctions determined by genetic backgrounds.

Spontaneously hyperlipidemic (SHL) mice are Japanese wild mice (KOR) with disruption of the apolipoprotein E (Apo E) gene. These mice (KOR-Apoe(shl)) are superhypercholesterolemic and develop severe xanthoma, but their atherosclerosis is relatively mild compared with Apo E knockout mice. First, we tested whether this distinction is due to additional mutation of the Apoc1 and/or Apoc2 genes in KOR-Apoe(shl). Southern blot analysis, but found no gross disruption of these genes. Next, we tested whether the phenotypic distinction is due to differences in the genetic background. To this end, we established three lines of congenic SHL mice with a genetic background of C57BL/6, BALB/c or C3H/He, and named them, respectively, C57BL/6.KOR-Apoe(shl) (B6.KOR-Apoe(shl)), BALB/c.KOR-Apoe(shl) (C.KOR-Apoe(shl)) and C3H/He.KOR-Apoe(shl) (C3.KOR-Apoe(shl)). Hypercholesterolemia was most severe in KOR-Apoe(shl) followed the by others as follows; KOR-Apoe(shl)>>C3.KOR-Apoe(shl)>C.KOR-Apoe(shl)>B6.KOR-Apoe(shl). In contrast, atherosclerosis was most severe in B6.KOR Apoe(shl) followed by the others: B6.KOR-Apoe(shl)>C.KOR-Apoe(shl)>>C3.KOR-Apoe(shl)> or =KOR-Apoe(shl). This order, however, did not match that in xanthoma, which was highly prominent in KOR-Apoe(shl) but mild in B6.KOR-Apoe(shl), C.KOR-Apoe(shl) and C3.KORApoe(shl). This order, however, did not match that in xanthoma, which was highly prominant in KOR-Apoe(shl) but mild in B6.KOR-Apoe(shl), C.KOR-Apoe(shl) and C3.KOR-Apoe(shl). These distinctions suggest that the severity of each of the phenotypes is determined by distinct genetic backgrounds which probably are composed of polymorphism of lipid metabolism-related proteins. We found that apolipoprotein A-I is decreased in each SHL strain and polymorphic between B6.KOR-Apoe(shl) and the other strains examined. This polymorphism may be related to the most severe atherosclerosis observed in B6.KOR-Apoe(shl). It is most likely that combination of such polymorphisms is due to the genetic background accountable for phenotype distinctions.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Isolation and structure elucidation of vicenistatin M, and importance of the vicenisamine aminosugar for exerting cytotoxicity of vicenistatin.

A new analogue of vicenistatin was isolated from the producing strain Streptomyces sp. HC-34. A characteristic of the elucidated structure involved the existence of a neutral sugar mycarose instead of an aminosugar vicenisamine of vicenistatin. The absolute stereochemistry of the new analogue (named as vicenistatin M) was determined by the synthesis of D-mycarose and of vicenistatin M itself. Biological testing of vicenistatin M suggested the importance of vicenisamine for exerting the cytotoxicity of vicenistatin.

Amino Sugars↗
PubMed2001

[A case of unilateral moyamoya disease presenting with hemichorea].

We reported a 12-year-old boy with unilateral moyamoya disease whose initial and predominant manifestation was hemichorea. Neurological examinations revealed chorea in his left upper extremity and muscle hypotonia in his left upper and lower extremities. Cranial MRI showed moyamoya vessels only in the right basal ganglia and infarction in the white matter of the right frontal lobe. Right carotid angiography revealed stenosis in the distal part of internal carotid artery, and in the proximal part of anterior and middle cerebral arteries with moyamoya vessels. Left carotid angiography showed normal findings. He was diagnosed as a suspected case of moyamoya disease (unilateral moyamoya disease) according to the diagnostic criteria proposed by the Research Committee on Moyamoya Disease of the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan. His chorea responded to haloperidol but encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis on the right side improved all symptoms. Chorea occurs in some patients with moyamoya disease. Hypofunction of the striatal indirect pathway is suggested as the cause of chorea. In this case an ischemic lesion in the right striatum may have caused hypofunction of the pathway and developed chorea and hypotonia.

Cerebral Angiography↗