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Biomedical subjects

Y Matsuno

Publications and source records attributed to Y Matsuno.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Intradural parenchymal involvement in the spinal subarachnoid space associated with primary lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Intradural parenchymal involvement (IPI) in the spinal subarachnoid space associated with primary lung cancer is rare. A retrospective study was undertaken to investigate the clinical and pathologic features of IPI. METHOD: A total of 1215 cases of primary lung cancer were studied at autopsy; the results were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Twenty (1.65%) of the cases revealed IPI in the spinal subarachnoid space. The histologic diagnoses were small cell carcinoma in ten cases, adenocarcinoma in eight cases, and squamous cell carcinoma in two cases. In 14 (70%) cases, the IPI was located between the lumbar and cauda equina of the spinal cord. However, no metastases were observed in the cervical spinal cord. Brain metastasis, vertebral metastasis, and meningeal carcinomatosis were seen in 70%, 60%, and 40% of the 20 cases, respectively, suggesting that these metastases may be related to the metastatic pathway to the spinal cord. Most patients had neurologic symptoms or signs referable to IPI; IPI could be diagnosed before death in only one patient by magnetic resonance imaging. The median interval between diagnosis of lung cancer and development of IPI and median survival after the onset of neurologic symptoms referable to IPI were 415 days and 110 days, respectively. CONCLUSION: The authors retrospectively received 1215 autopsies of patients with primary lung cancer and found 20 (1.65%) with IPI.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Assessment of area at risk and efficacy of treatment in patients with acute coronary syndrome using 99mTc tetrofosmin imaging in humans.

The determination of the myocardium at risk before intervention and the change in that region after intervention constitute a promising measurement tool for the assessment of acute therapy. A new 99mTc labeled myocardial blood flow tracer, 99mTc tetrofosmin, is expected to enable the evaluation of myocardium at risk because of the absence of redistribution. This preliminary study was performed in 9 patients with acute coronary syndrome (4 unstable angina and 5 acute myocardial infarction) to investigate whether recovery of perfusion by tetrofosmin imaging parallels mechanical improvement. Tetrofosmin imaging was performed acutely and 3-30 days later. Visual analysis of defect severity was assessed in both studies. Segments with improvement in perfusion were accompanied by significant wall motion recovery compared with normal and unimproved segments (delta WMI: normal segments 0.40 +/- 0.67, improved segments 1.79 +/- 0.68, unimproved segments -0.15 +/- 0.16, p < 0.01 for improved segments compared with other groups), suggesting the efficacy of this tracer for the assessment of the acute therapy. These data suggest that 99mTc tetrofosmin imaging is a useful method for the assessment of the myocardial area at risk and the efficacy of acute therapy in acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical detection of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor in human cancerous and inflammatory lesions of various organs.

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/scatter factor (SF) is a multifunctional factor considered to be potentially involved in tissue regeneration, wound healing, embryogenesis, angiogenesis and cancer invasion. Here we examined immunohistochemically the distribution of HGF/SF in human tissues, including cancerous and inflammatory tissues, using anti-HGF antibody. HGF/SF accumulation was clearly detected in the extracellular matrix, particularly along the basement membrane, in cancerous and inflammatory tissues, but only a little was detected in normal tissues. HGF/SF is well known to have a strong affinity for heparin in vitro, and from the results of our immunohistochemical assay, we considered that HGF/SF was bound to heparin or heparan sulfate of the extracellular matrix and basement membrane. HGF/SF was well localized in cancerous and inflammatory lesions of human lung, liver and pancreas, and in apparently normal tissues of kidney, adrenal gland and pancreas obtained at autopsy. In lung, HGF/SF was localized along the basement membranes of cancer cell nests, in the extracellular matrix of the cancer cell surface, cancer stroma and tissues invaded by cancer, and the basement membranes of bronchial epithelium and capillary vessels in inflammatory stroma. Since HGF/SF makes some cancer cells more invasive in vitro, the accumulation of HGF/SF in cancerous tissue suggests that the invasiveness of some cancer cells may be increased by HGF/SF in vivo.

Extracellular Matrix↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of immunoreactivity between two different monoclonal antibodies recognizing peptide and polysialic acid chain epitopes on the neural cell adhesion molecule in normal tissues and lung tumors.

A comparative immunohistochemical study of two different monoclonal antibodies against different epitopes on the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) was performed. Various normal tissues and lung tumors were examined for reactivity with NCC-LU-243, a monoclonal antibody which recognizes a peptide epitope on N-CAM, and monoclonal antibody 735 (MoAb 735), which reacts with a polysialic acid chain epitope on N-CAM. When acetone-fixed normal tissues were used, the immunoreactivities of MoAb 735 and NCC-LU-243 were not identical. In lung tumors, almost all small cell cancers (SCLC) and carcinoid tumors, and some non-SCLC were stained by both monoclonal antibodies. NCC-LU-243 stained the cell membrane only of almost all SCLC cells and clusters of non-SCLC cells. MoAb 735 stained the cell membrane of SCLC in a patchy manner and not only the cell membrane but also the cytoplasm of some non-SCLC. However cytoplasmic staining was evaluated as 'not positive'. The number of positive cases and the size of the positive tumor cell population determined by cell membrane staining with MoAb 735 were smaller than those determined with NCC-LU-243 in both SCLC and non-SCLC cases. In routinely formalin-fixed materials, the immunoreactivity of both monoclonal antibodies, especially of NCC-LU-243, decreased after prolonged fixation as in surgically resected and autopsy materials. However, both monoclonal antibodies were found to be useful when materials were fixed for a short period of time as in biopsy specimens.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1993

Atypical manifestations of tuberculous meningitis.

We describe 2 patients with tuberculous meningitis who exhibited unusual changes of their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) which led to confusion in their management. Patient 1 was a 25-year-old man who displayed persistent polymorphonuclear dominant pleocytosis in his CSF. Autopsy revealed marked hypoplasia of the thymus and T cell areas of the lymph nodes, consistent with the Nezelof syndrome, as well as disseminated tuberculosis. Patient 2 was a 39-year-old woman who demonstrated, during appropriate antituberculous chemotherapy, an atypical exacerbation consisting of prolonged fever, polymorphonuclear dominant pleocytosis in her CSF and multiple cerebral infarcts. The neurological abnormalities in the patient underwent marked improvement following oral prednisolone therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Controlled release of insulin from plasma-irradiated sandwitch device using poly-DL-lactic acid.

The release behavior of insulin from a plasma-irradiated sandwitch (PIS) device using poly-DL-lactic acid (PLA) was studied. The controlled release device can be obtained by oxygen plasma irradiation (radiofrequency discharge operating at 13.56 MHz) on the outer layer of the sandwitch device which was fabricated from an insulin-PLA matrix tablet as a core material and a mixture of plasma-degradable polyoxymethylene (POM) and biodegradable PLA as a wall material. The release test indicated that insulin was released through the micropores formed by the vaporization of POM, and that the release behavior of insulin was affected largely by the molecular weight of PLA used as the outer layer rather than the plasma operational condition. The release of insulin can be controlled by the use of PLA with an average molecular weight of 11000 as the outer layer of the PIS device. Insulin from the PIS device maintained normal blood glucose levels for 10 d in diabetic rats as an implantable dosage form. The duration of insulin effectiveness was relatively short considering the degradation rate of PLA, indicating that the degradation characteristics of biodegradable PLA were not well reflected in the PIS device.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1993

A new drug delivery system (DDS) development using plasma-irradiated pharmaceutical aids. IV. Controlled release of theophylline from plasma-irradiated double-compressed tablet composed of polycarbonate as a single wall material.

A controlled-release tablet can be obtained by oxygen plasma irradiation on the outer layer double-compressed tablets prepared from theophylline as a core material and polycarbonate derived from bisphenol A (PC) as a single wall material, making this possible that PC is of intramolecular bifunctionality, crosslinkable phenyl group and degradable carbonate group as an effect of plasma irradiation. It was shown that the dissolution profiles can be varied so as to cause release of theophylline at different rates, depending on the set of conditions chosen for tablet manufacturing as well as plasma operational conditions.

Drug Compounding↗
PubMed1993

Application of the p53 gene mutation pattern for differential diagnosis of primary versus metastatic lung carcinomas.

The p53 gene mutation pattern was used as a diagnostic marker of multiple and second primary lung carcinomas. Nine cases of multiple carcinoma, which were suspected clinicopathologically to be double or triple primary carcinomas, were examined for p53 protein expression by immunohistochemistry and for genetic abnormality of the p53 gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. Nine tumors from four cases gave a positive result upon both immunostaining for the p53 protein and PCR-SSCP analysis of the p53 gene. These nine tumors showed different mobility shifts between exons 5 and 8. The four cases were diagnosed genetically as multiple primary carcinomas. To confirm the results of PCR-SSCP analysis, five tumors from two cases that showed different mobility shifts were further analyzed for their nucleotide sequences, and it was found that all of them had point mutations at different codons in exons 5 and 8. These findings suggest that the p53 gene mutation pattern is an effective marker for diagnosis of tumor multiplicity.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Laryngeal metastasis from a pulmonary papillary adenocarcinoma: a case report.

Metastases to the larynx from distant primaries are very rare. The present article reports a case of metastatic papillary adenocarcinoma of the larynx of lung origin. The patient was a 59-year-old female non-smoker, who had a history of adenocarcinoma of the right lung. For the laryngeal tumor, we performed a partial laryngectomy following biopsy. The tumor of the larynx was a papillary adenocarcinoma resembling the lung tumor, both demonstrating positive immunohistochemical staining for pulmonary surfactant apoprotein. The findings emphatically indicated the laryngeal tumor to be metastasis from the primary papillary adenocarcinoma of the lung. The present case report presents the clinical findings, course of disease and histopathological findings with brief reviews of the literature.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1993

Pathology and DNA cytophotometry of small hepatocellular carcinoma with a nodule-in-nodule appearance--evidence for stepwise progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Among 92 surgically resected human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) < or = 3 cm in diameter, 23 tumors (25%) grossly showed a nodule-in-nodule appearance indicating stepwise progression of HCC. The central nodules showed destructive growth of HCC, which was less differentiated than the surrounding area histologically, while the surrounding area showed growth of very-well-differentiated HCC with no, or only minimal, destruction of the underlying liver structures. Previously, we proposed the term "early HCC" for HCCs without definite destructive growth, and the nodule-in-nodule lesions described here are considered to be in the transitional stage from early HCC to advanced HCC, and are therefore named early advanced HCC (eAd HCC). DNA cytophotometry was performed in 12 cases of eAd HCC, in which the early HCC component, advanced HCC component and non-tumorous liver tissue showing chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis were analyzed separately. The early HCC component showed a diploid pattern in eight of the 12 cases. The advanced HCC component showed an aneuploid peak in seven cases, and in three of these the peak was detected only in the advanced HCC component and not in the early HCC component. The mean nuclear DNA content was significantly increased from non-tumorous liver to the early HCC component and from the early HCC component to the advanced HCC component. Polyploid cells containing more than 4.8C DNA were exceptional in non-tumorous liver, but were detectable in the early HCC component and increased in number in the advanced HCC component. These findings suggest that DNA instability may have an important role to play in the subclonal progression of human HCC.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Lp(a) lipoprotein in patients on maintenance hemodialysis--a study from apo(a) isoform].

It has been suggested that lipid abnormalities may be involved in the development of cardiovascular disorders in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Hypertriglyceridemia commonly accompanies this condition and is associated with decreased concentrations of HDL-cholesterol. Recent clinical interest has been paid to the disturbances of Lp(a) and apo (a) isoform in relation to cardiovascular disorders. Although high concentrations of Lp(a) are associated with ischemic heart disease, we are unaware of the availability of such data concerning patients on maintenance hemodialysis. We therefore compared levels of Lp(a) and the frequency of occurrence of their isoforms in 310 patients (chronic glomerulonephritis, N = 221; diabetic nephropathy, N = 77; polycystic kidney disease, N = 12) on maintenance hemodialysis and in 212 normal subjects. The following results were obtained. (1) HD patients showed significantly elevated levels of Lp(a) compared to normal subjects. (2) Studies of apo (a) isoform showed that HD patients showed high frequency of S2 and low frequency of S4. (3) HD patients, especially long-term patients, showed high frequency of double band (S2/S3). (4) There were no significant differences in the levels of Lp(a) and in the frequency of apo(a) isoform among 3 different etiological studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Perfusion imaging with 99mTc PPN-1011 for the assessment of myocardial area at risk and the efficacy of PTCA/PTCR in myocardial infarction and unstable angina].

The determination of the myocardium at risk before intervention and the change in that region after intervention constitute a promising measurement tool for the assessment of acute therapy. We used 99mTc PPN-1011 in 4 patients with acute myocardial ischemia (2 patients with acute myocardial infarction, 2 unstable angina) and subsequent successful reperfusion. All 4 patients had perfusion defect on the pre-reperfusion image. Perfusion abnormality on post-reperfusion image was all improved significantly compared with pre-reperfusion image, suggesting the efficacy of acute treatment in acute myocardial ischemia. We conclude that 99mTc PPN-1011 scintigraphy is useful method for the assessment of myocardial area at risk and the efficacy of PTCA/PTCR in myocardial infarction and unstable angina.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Proliferative activity of cutaneous melanocytic neoplasms defined by a proliferating cell nuclear antigen labelling index.

To evaluate the proliferative activity of benign, borderline and malignant cutaneous melanocytic neoplasms, 30 cases of malignant melanoma (MM) and 41 cases of naevi were studied by immunostaining using a monoclonal antibody against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). PCNA is a nuclear antigen expressed in the late G1 and S phase and serves as a marker of proliferating cells. Invasive MM and MM in situ showed much higher PCNA positivity rates than melanocytic naevi (invasive MM, 18.0%; MM in situ, 11.3%; ordinary melanocytic naevi, 2.6%). The PCNA positivity rate did not increase significantly with the thickness of MM. Among ordinary melanocytic naevi, junctional naevi had a higher PCNA positivity rate than compound or intradermal naevi. Mean PCNA positivity rates for Spitz's naevi and sporadic dysplastic naevi were within the range for ordinary melanocytic naevi, indicating the benign nature of both types of naevus. Contrary to some previous studies, MM in situ showed high proliferative activity, indicating that cells of MM in situ are actively proliferating. This study clearly demonstrates that MM and various types of naevi can be separated according to differences in proliferative activity defined by the PCNA labeling index.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1992

Role of mucosal prostaglandins in vagally-mediated adaptive cytoprotection in the rat.

This study was designed to investigate whether vagal innervation and mucosal prostaglandins (PGs) participate in gastric adaptive cytoprotection. Rats were divided into three groups; sham operation (control), truncal vagotomy or splanchnicotomy. In the first experiment, 100% ethanol (EtOH) was orally administered 15 min after pretreatment with 20% EtOH to all 3 groups. One hour later, the gastric mucosa was examined macroscopically. In a second experiment, the mucosal PG contents 15 min after administration of either 20% EtOH or saline were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. In truncal vagotomized rats, the adaptive cytoprotection caused by exposure to 20% EtOH in control and splanchnicotomized rats was not observed and an increase in hemorrhagic lesion severity was seen. In the control and splanchnicotomized rats, PGE2 contents were elevated following 20% EtHO treatment, as compared to those in the saline-treated rats. However, PGE2 contents in vagotomized rats were not altered by EtOH exposure, and were significantly lower than in the control and splanchnicotomized groups, whereas PGF2 alpha and PGD2 contents were significantly higher after EtOH administration as compared to those in saline-treated rats. These results suggest that vagal innervation is essential for adaptive cytoprotection and that the vagotomy-induced decrease in PGE2 and increases in PGF2 alpha and PGD2 following 20% EtOH administration, may be caused by a disturbance in adaptive cytoprotection.

Animals↗