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Biomedical subjects

Y Matsuno

Publications and source records attributed to Y Matsuno.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Protective role of melatonin and the pineal gland in modulating water immersion restraint stress ulcer in rats.

We investigated the protective effect of melatonin on stress-induced gastric lesions in rats. Fasted rats were subjected to water immersion restraint stress for 4 h and the percentage of corpus mucosa containing hemorrhagic lesions was determined. Thirty minutes before restraint stress, melatonin or vehicle was administered i.p. In another experiment, pinealectomy was performed 1 week before water immersion restraint stress. Administration of melatonin at 1 and 5 mg/kg significantly decreased gastric lesions by 46 and 74%, respectively. In contrast, pinealectomy significantly enlarged the lesion area, although this effect was counteracted by melatonin at a dose of 1 mg/kg i.p. However, this protective effect of melatonin was abolished by i.p. pretreatment with indomethacin at 5 mg/kg. These results suggest that melatonin has gastroprotective properties against stress-induced gastric injury in rats and that the pineal gland contributes to gastric protection via prostaglandin-dependent mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

The effects of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt on portal hypertensive gastropathy.

In addition to variceal bleeding, haematemesis may occur due to haemorrhagic gastritis in patients with portal hypertension. This has been known as portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG). We have evaluated the effects of the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) on portal venous pressure (PVP) and endoscopic gastric mucosal changes observed in patients with portal hypertension. We performed TIPS in 12 patients with complications due to portal hypertension as follows: variceal bleeding in nine patients (bleeding from oesophageal varices in seven and gastric varices in two), refractory ascites in three and haemorrhage from severe PHG in one. Endoscopic examinations were performed before and after TIPS for all patients. Changes of PVP and gastric mucosal findings on endoscopy were analysed. Before TIPS, PHG was seen in 10 patients. Portal venous pressure decreased from an average of 25.1+/-8.8 to 17.1+/-6.2 mmHg after TIPS (P<0.005). On endoscopy, PHG improved in nine of 10 patients. Oesophagogastric varices improved in eight of 11 patients. In one patient with massive haematemesis, haemorrhage from severe PHG completely stopped after TIPS. Because TIPS effectively reduced PVP, this procedure appeared to be effective for the treatment of uncontrollable PHG.

Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal↗
PubMed1998

Low-grade B cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in the thymus of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.

The majority of thymic lymphomas are either lymphoblastic lymphoma, large B cell lymphoma or Hodgkin's disease, and other types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma are rare. A case of low-grade B cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in the thymus is reported. A 55-year-old Japanese female with a history of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) complained of back pain. A mediastinal tumor was identified by computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, and the thymus was resected through median sternotomy. The solid and nodular tumor had several small satellite extensions and was completely confined to within the thymus. Histologically, monotonous medium-sized centrocyte-like cells occupied the medulla of the thymus and infiltrated Hassall's corpuscles (lymphoepithelial lesions). Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were positive for CD20 and CD79a. IgA and kappa light chain restriction were also found in plasmacytoid cells in the tumor. Clonal rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene was demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction. This case was diagnosed as MALT-type low-grade B cell lymphoma in the thymus. This is the first report of low-grade B cell lymphoma in the thymus associated with RA. As autoimmune diseases are known to be associated with lymphoid neoplasms, it is suggested that the RA played an important role in the development of malignant lymphoma in this case.

Antigens, CD20↗
PubMed1998

Ganglion cells in Ewing's sarcoma following chemotherapy: a case report.

A case of Ewing's sarcoma of the bone, arising in the right radius of a 12-year-old girl, which showed unique histologic features after pre-operative treatment, is reported. The light microscopic features of a biopsy sample were those of a small round cell tumor showing positive immunoreaction with antibodies against the product of the MIC 2 gene (O13), neuron-specific enolase, neurofilament, and synaptophysin, but no morphological differentiation. The patient received combined intensive multi-drug chemotherapy and radiation before surgery. Examination of the surgical specimen showed that the tumor was less cellular than that in the biopsy specimen, and was composed mainly of loosely textured large cells mimicking ganglion cells, occasionally forming Homer-Wright rosettes. An immunohistochemical study revealed that neural differentiation was enhanced. Immunoreactivity for Leu-7 also became positive. Although the patient underwent postoperative chemotherapy, she died of multiple lung and bone metastases 30 months after the diagnosis. Autopsy showed that metastatic foci were made up of densely packed small round cells like those seen in the biopsy samples, but associated with prominent Homer-Wright rosettes. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of a tumor being replaced almost entirely by ganglion cells after pre-operative chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

12E7 Antigen↗
PubMed1998

A case of double primary adenocarcinoma of the lung with multiple atypical adenomatous hyperplasia.

A case of double primary adenocarcinoma of the lung with multiple atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) in a 77-year-old woman is reported. Histopathologically, in the resected left upper lobe of the lung, both cancers were diagnosed as well-differentiated papillary adenocarcinoma, and 161 lesions of AAH were also found. Both the cancer lesions and six AAH (greater than 3 mm in diameter) were examined with regard to immunoreactivity of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and p53 gene product, microsatellite instability (MI) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 9q and 17q by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Although both cancers expressed CEA, they did not show clonal immunoreactivity for the p53 gene product. Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia expressed CEA weakly and showed no immunoreactivity for p53 gene protein. Both carcinomas showed LOH on chromosome 17q, and one of them showed LOH on chromosome 9q. In six AAH, LOH on chromosome 17q was detected in two tumors, and one of them also showed LOH on chromosome 9q. One AAH, which was negative for LOH on chromosome 17q and 9q, showed MI at D17S791. These results indicated that AAH is a clonal neoplastic lesion with genetic abnormalities and should be called intraepithelial pneumocyte neoplasia, and that each of the numerous papillary lesions in this case was considered to be an independent lesion.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1998

[Appropriate laboratory use of microbiological testing for quality control and nosocomial infection control].

Useful information from clinical microbiological tests is required for clinical diagnosis and treatment of infectious disease, whereas concern about the quality of information is still low. To provide reliable information in clinical microbiological testing, it is necessary to control the quality of clinical specimens, because of its random character. Through effective use of laboratory testing database, it will be possible to shift away our vague management of pre-analytic phase of quality control so far to its established system based on objective evaluation. During the past 4 years, after the introduction of microbiological tests and information system in our hospital, the characteristics of sputum have become worse contrary to our expectations. This suggests that quality control needs successive improvements, even in service departments such as clinical laboratories. Application of laboratory testing database to nosocomial infection control is considered to be a performance of post-analytic phase of quality control from the viewpoint of effective use of laboratory data. We presented in this paper our practical application of the database to the short-term and long-term control of nosocomial infection.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
PubMed1997

Central effect of melatonin against stress-induced gastric ulcers in rats.

We investigated the role of melatonin in the induction of gastric lesions induced by water immersion restraint stress or centrally administered thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). Melatonin (0.1-1 ng) injected intracisternally (i.c) 30 min prior to stress dose-dependently inhibited the induction of gastric lesions by water immersion restraint stress, while 100 micrograms/kg, i.p. failed to protect the gastric mucosa. Preadministration of melatonin (1 ng, i.c.) significantly reduced (83%) the severity of gastric lesions induced by a TRH analogue (500 ng, i.c.). Serum melatonin concentrations 30 min after administration of 1 ng melatonin i.c. did not differ from those of rats receiving i.c. vehicle. These results suggest that melatonin plays a protective, anti-stress, role in the gastric mucosa via a mechanism involving the central nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Usefulness of novel imaging modalities in diagnosis of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver.

A 17-year-old woman was admitted because of a liver tumor found incidentally by ultrasonography. Liver function was normal and there were no markers of hepatitis viruses or malignancy. Abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass (2 cm in diameter) in the lateral segment of the left lobe of the liver. The lesion was not detected by hepatic arteriography. However, dynamic CT with fast scanning and dynamic CO2-enhanced ultrasonography demonstrated initial central enhancement of the mass followed by centrifugal spread of enhancement to the periphery. Color Doppler flow imaging detected a central color spot, shown to be an artery by a pulsed Doppler spectrum analysis. Fine-needle biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of focal nodular hyperplasia. Dynamic CT with fast scanning, dynamic CO2-enhanced ultrasonography, and color Doppler flow imaging were useful in detecting the vascular pattern specific to focal nodular hyperplasia. Investigation of further cases with these novel imaging modalities should help to establish a comprehensive diagnostic procedure and thus avoid unnecessary surgery for focal nodular hyperplasia, which is a completely benign lesion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Increased ubiquitin immunoreactivity in hepatocellular carcinomas and precancerous lesions of the liver.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Ubiquitin covalently attaches to abnormal and short-lived proteins, thus marking them for ATP-dependent proteolysis in eukaryotic cells. Increased ubiquitin immunoreactivity was recently observed immunohistochemically in human malignant tumors. To clarify the change in protein metabolism during hepatocarcinogenesis, we studied ubiquitin immunoreactivity in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and precancerous lesions using immunohistochemistry and immunoblot analysis. METHODS: A total of 72 HCCs (37 advanced, 19 early, 16 early-advanced (advanced HCC component in early HCC nodule) type HCCs) and 18 precancerous lesions (8 atypical adenomatous hyperplasias (AAHs), 10 adenomatous hyperplasias (AHs)) were studied immunohistochemically. Immunoblot analysis was also performed in advanced HCC and early HCC cases. RESULTS: Non-tumorous hepatocytes were either immunonegative or weakly stained in their nuclei. Advanced HCCs showed strong immunoreactivity in most cases, while early HCCs showed relatively weaker immunoreactivity. In 14 of 16 early-advanced type tumors, the inner portion of the nodules, which corresponds to advanced HCC, showed stronger immunoreactivity than the outer low-grade portion. In 8 of 8 AAHs and 7 of 10 AHs, positive but weak staining was found. Immunoblot analysis showed an increase in 42 kDa ubiquitinated protein(s) in 8 of 16 advanced HCC cases (50%) and in 1 of 6 early HCC cases (16.7%), as well as an increase in several other bands in tumor tissues. CONCLUSIONS: The intensity of ubiquitin staining appeared to increase in a stepwise manner from AH to advanced HCC, and the results suggest a possible correlation between changes in the ubiquitinated proteins and multistep hepatocarcinogenesis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1997

B-cell lymphoma accompanying monoclonal macroglobulinemia with features suggesting marginal zone B-cell lymphoma.

Waldenstroem's macroglobulinemia is usually closely related to a histopathologic subtype called lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma in the Revised European-American Lymphoma (REAL) classification. Here, we report a case of B-cell lymphoma accompanied by monoclonal macroglobulinemia and pathologically compatible with marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBCL) rather than lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma. The patient was a 74-year-old man with lymphomatous lesions that were recognized as submandibular lymphadenopathy, subcutaneous tumor and bilateral orbital masses, but with no bone marrow involvement. The atypical lymphoid cells that occupied the lymph node were varied such as small cells harboring irregular nuclei, monocytoid B-cells, large cells with vesicular nuclei, and plasma cells. The tumor cells expressed CD19, CD20, IgM and kappa on their cell surfaces and cytoplasmic IgM, but not CD5 or CD10. These findings suggest that the clinical and histopathologic findings of this case are compatible with those of MZBCL rather than lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma. Serum IgM was elevated up to 4080 mg/dl and M-proteinemia of IgM-kappa type was confirmed by immunoelectrophoresis. Hyperviscosity syndrome caused by monoclonal IgM was not apparent. Immunohistochemical study confirmed that monoclonal IgM-kappa was produced and secreted from the tumor cells of MZBCL. This case suggests a close relationship between MZBCL and lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma, from the perspective of the cellular origin during B-cell differentiation.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

A prospective study of surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy for primary gastric lymphoma stage II.

The standard management of primary gastric lymphoma (PGL) (stage II) has not been established despite the use of various treatment modalities. The present prospective trial of combined surgery and chemotherapy for the treatment of PGL (stage II) included 25 consecutive patients treated between July 1978 and December 1993. Twenty-one patients were treated with total gastrectomy and four with partial gastrectomy; this was followed by post-operative chemotherapy with m-VEPA (vincristine, cyclophosphamide, prednisolone and doxorubicin), followed by consolidation chemotherapy with VEMP (vindesine, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and prednisolone) or VQEP (vindesine, carbazilquinone, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone). Twenty-one of the 25 patients who completed post-operative chemotherapy were free of relapse 26-203 (median 94) months after the gastrectomy. Of the four patients who did not complete the projected chemotherapy, two relapsed and died of lymphoma. Another patient with recurrent lymphoma died in an accident, and the fourth patient was in remission at 54 months after surgery. The post-operative overall and disease-free survival rates at 10 years for the 25 evaluable patients were 81.6% and 92.0% respectively. Major surgical complications and treatment-related death after chemotherapy were not observed. PGL (stage II) appears to be curable when treated with gastrectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Clinicopathological studies on coexisting gastric malignant lymphoma and gastric adenocarcinoma: report of four cases and review of the Japanese literature.

Among 121 cases of primary gastric malignant lymphoma from 1962 to 1994 at the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, we found four cases (three males and one female) of adenocarcinoma coexisting in the stomach. The incidence of gastric malignant lymphoma together with gastric adenocarcinoma was 3.3%, suggesting that patients with lymphoma may have an increased incidence of gastric adenocarcinoma. A review of the Japanese literature revealed an additional 62 patients who developed coexisting gastric malignant lymphoma and adenocarcinoma. In the total series of 66 patients whose age and sex were recorded, there were 48 males with a mean age of 63.8 years and 18 females with a mean age of 58.6 years. Most adenocarcinomas were macroscopically early (76%) and of histologically differentiated type (75%). Conversely, 71% of lymphomas were of the advanced type macroscopically. The correct preoperative diagnoses were made in only 27% (16/59) of cases, when both tumors were located independently.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Immunoreaction at 43 kDa with anti-ubiquitin antibody in breast neoplasms.

Protein ubiquitination has been implicated in ATP-dependent protein turnover and normal cell proliferation. To investigate whether the ubiquitin-mediated system is functionally involved in the cancerous state, we examined changes in protein ubiquitination in 52 surgically resected primary breast tumors. Immunohistochemically, ubiquitin (Ub) was identified in the cytoplasm of cancer cells, which were stained more strongly than adjacent normal ductal epithelium. Corresponding immunoblot analysis of normal and neoplastic regions of human breast showed that the immunoreaction for Ub at about 43 kDa was increased in all of the tumors (100%), regardless of the clinical stage or histologic grade. This protein, which gave a single spot on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, had partial amino acid sequences which were identical to those of actin family members. Our results suggest that ubiquitination of this 43-kDa protein may be involved in the carcinogenesis or biological characteristics of human breast neoplasms.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

[A questionnaire study regarding to PCR-based test for the detection of mycobacteria and problems after the introduction of the test].

One year's experience on a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based test for the detection of mycobacteria (AMPLICOR Mycobacterium, Roche Japan) was reviewed in the light of the results of a prior questionnaire study regarding to the expected merits and demerits of the test. Rapidity in reporting, the top-ranked merit, was realized in 22 patients with positive results (8.7% of all patients tested). The PCR-based test saved 30.7 days on average in reporting a positive result in these patients. False negative results (PCR negatives in culture positives) the top-ranked demerit, was encountered in 5 samples from 5 patients (0.7% of all samples, or 4.5% of culture positive). The presence of some PCR inhibitors was suspected in these samples, totaling to 45 samples (6.5% of all samples) from 35 patients as well. The frequency of these cases was higher in outpatients than in hospitalized patients, indicating the necessity of some improvement in public health. Furthermore, the character of sputum is a particularly important factor for the precise test by PCR as well as culture.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Human colorectal carcinomas specifically accumulate Mr 42,000 ubiquitin-conjugated cytokeratin 8 fragments.

Recent studies have shown that various tumor cells accumulate ubiquitin (Ub)-conjugated proteins, the profiles of which differ from those of normal cells. To identify the Ub-conjugated proteins accumulated specifically by human carcinoma cells, a two-dimensional immunoblot analysis of 31 surgically resected human primary colorectal carcinoma tissues was performed using an anti-Ub monoclonal antibody, KM691. Two distinct Mr 42,000 and 45,000 proteins in the Triton X-insoluble fractions of carcinoma tissues reacted with this antibody, whereas only one Mr 45,000 protein reacted in normal tissues. The Mr 42,000 Ub-conjugated proteins were specific to carcinoma tissues from 25 patients (80.6%). One of the purified Mr 42,000 proteins was digested with Achromobacter protease I. This protein was identified as a cytokeratin 8 (CK 8) fragment based on both molecular mass determination and molecular mass searching of Achromobacter protease I-digested fragments of proteins registered in a protein sequence data base. Two-dimensional immunoblot analysis with an anti-CK 8 antibody confirmed that all of the Mr 42,000 proteins were CK 8 degradation products. These results demonstrate that human colorectal carcinomas specifically accumulate Mr 42,000 Ub-conjugated CK 8 fragments. This accumulation was observed frequently not only in advanced (18/22, 81.8%), but also in early stage cases (7/9, 77.8%), suggesting that it occurs even in the early stages of colorectal carcinoma progression.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

E-cadherin is involved in the intrahepatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

In human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the liver is the major target organ of metastasis, which is known as intrahepatic metastasis. To analyze the mechanism of this metastasis, we established two sublines from the human HCC cell line Li7. Subline Li7HM produced multiple liver metastasis, whereas subline Li7NM never did so after intrasplenic injection into nude mice. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoblot analysis showed that only Li7NM expressed vimentin and lacked E-cadherin expression, indicating that this clone had undergone epithelial-mesenchymal transition. We then transfected mouse E-cadherin complementary DNA into Li7NM cells and found that the transfectant cells (EM16.21B.3) formed liver metastasis (8/16 mice) after intrasplenic injection and liver tumors (11/13 mice) after intrahepatic injection, whereas the control cell line formed no tumors. These results suggest that E-cadherin plays an important role in the process of intrahepatic metastasis of HCC.

Animals↗