Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y Matsubara

Publications and source records attributed to Y Matsubara.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Clinical trial of T-3262 (Tosufloxacin tosilate) on Salmonella enteritis, and fecal drug concentration and change in the fecal microflora in the acute diarrheal patients. Japan Research Committee of T-3262, Research Group for Acute Infectious Enteritis].

For the purpose of evaluation of clinical efficacy, safety and usefulness on Salmonella enteritis, T-3262 (Tosufloxacin tosilate), a newly developed pyridone-carboxylic acid derivative, was administered to a total of 103 patients and carriers. In addition, in vitro antibacterial activity of T-3262 was determined against the clinical isolates, and compared with those of nalidixic acid (NA), pipemidic acid (PPA), enoxacin (ENX), norfloxacin (NFLX) and ofloxacin (OFLX). And when T-3262 was administered to the patients of acute infectious enteritis, fecal drug concentration and their correlation to the changes in the fecal microflora were investigated. The daily dose of 450 mg T-3262 was administered orally three times after meal for 7 days. A total of 63 cases were evaluated (one case of mixed infection caused by Shigella flexneri and Salmonella sp. was included). The clinical efficacy was good in all the enteritis (N = 6). As the bacteriological effect, 60 out of 61 were eradicated, and eradication rate was 98.4%. Adverse effects were observed in four of 102 cases (3.9%), consisting of one with skin rash, one with nausea, headache and stomatitis and two with soft stools. Deteriorations in laboratory findings were seen in 5 of 23 cases (17.4%), consisting of one with elevated GOT, two with elevated GOT and GPT, one with elevated BUN and one with increased eosinophiles count, although they were all slight in degree. MICs of T-3262 which inhibited 90% of the isolates of Salmonella spp. was 0.05 microgram/ml, which was the lowest among the quinolone derivatives tested. The values of the fecal drug concentration of 7 cases of acute infectious enteritis, to which T-3262 administered, were higher than that of MIC90 and recovery rates of T-3262 were distributed from 2.85 to 46.3%. The degrees of changes of the drug concentrations were dependent on individual cases, and did not show the same trend. In addition, changes in the fecal microflora with in 24 hrs after T-3262 administration did not show the same trend.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1989

Assignment of the rat genes coding for medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, and the beta subunit of propionyl-CoA carboxylase to chromosomes 2, 3, and 8, respectively.

From the analysis of mouse x rat cell hybrids which segregate rat chromosomes, the rat genes coding for the enzymes medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, and the beta-subunit of propionyl-CoA carboxylase have been assigned to chromosomes 2, 3, and 8, respectively.

Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical efficacy of fluconazole in the patient with pulmonary mycosis].

Fluconazole, a novel triazole antifungal agent, was given orally or intravenously to 10 patients with pulmonary mycosis (7 patients with primary pulmonary cryptococcosis and 3 with pulmonary aspergillosis). Routes of administration were changed in some patients depending on their condition. Two patients from whom foci was removed by surgical operations were excluded from the efficacy assessment. Clinical efficacies in the remaining 8 patients were good in 2 cases and fair in 3 cases of pulmonary cryptococcosis; excellent in 1 case of pneumonia due to Aspergillus; and fair in 1 case and poor in the other case of pulmonary aspergilloma. Side reactions developed in 9 patients who received intravenous drip infusion were nausea or loss of appetite in 3 patients, fever and/or feverish sensation in 3, vascular pain in 1 and diarrhea and eruption in 1. In the patient who reported fever the drug was discontinued and in the patient who complained of pain at the site of injection, dosing was changed to the oral route but was discontinued due to elevated GOT, GPT, Al-P and gamma-GTP. Seven patients who received the drug orally did not report side effects except 2 patients. None of these side effects reported was serious and from the above results, fluconazole was considered to be a useful agent for the treatment of pulmonary mycosis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[Mediastinitis and left pyopneumothorax complicating a laryngeal phlegmon].

A case of mediastinitis and left pyopneumothorax complicating a laryngeal phlegmon caused by Candida albicans is described. A 64-year-old woman was admitted complaining of pharyngeal pain, hoarseness, dysphagia, and pain behind the left angle of the mandible. In that hospital, she was diagnosed as having a laryngeal phlegmon. She was known to be diabetic and hypertensive since 54 years of age. After admission, she became dyspneic, and chest X-rays revealed left atelectasis, left pleural effusion and left pneumothorax. After a drain was inserted into the left thoracic cavity, she was transferred to our hospital. Chest X-rays showed widening of the mediastinum, an enlarged cardiac shadow, mediastinal emphysema, left pneumothorax and bilateral pleural effusion. A thoracic CT also showed extensive mediastinal emphysema. On March 19, 1988 we incised the abscess behind the left angle of the mandible and inserted drains into both the mediastinum and left thoracic cavity under general anesthesia. Candidiasis was diagnosed based on culture of pus obtained from the abscess behind the left angle of the mandible. She was treated with antibiotics intravenously and through both drainage tubes for about 1 month. She was cured and discharged after 5 months of hospitalization.

Candidiasis↗
PubMed1989

[A case of giant leiomyoma of the esophagus].

A 34-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of a tumor shadow in the posterior mediastinum. Leiomyoma of the esophagus was suggested by the findings of CT, esophagography, and esophagoscopy. He underwent thoracotomy. The operative procedure was enucleation of the tumor. The histological examination confirmed it to be a leiomyoma. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the passage of the esophagus was good. He was discharged 36 days after the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[An experimental study on surgical treatment of tracheomalacia-- methods for making models of tracheomalacia and development of a new operative method].

To develop a new surgical method for the repair of tracheobronchomalacia, we conducted experiments on dogs. First, we created malacic models by fracturing or resecting 5 to 10 tracheal cartilages. The bearing strength of the tracheal lumen became remarkably weakened, and bronchoscopic examination revealed tracheal collapses during coughing. Second, we tried external stenting of the malacic tracheae with prostheses. In 11 dogs, a prosthesis composed of Silastic sheet and Marlex mesh was sutured to the malacic segments of trachea. The connective tissue around the prosthesis increased in amount and the tracheal wall became firmer with time. However, mucosal defects around the sutures were found in 4 of the dogs. Those defects were probably due to injury to capillaries by the suturing procedures. Therefore, instead of suturing, we decided to try adhesives for fixation of the prosthesis to the trachea. We tested three adhesives: PUP (polyurethane-prepolymer), cyanoacrylate and fibrin glue. In five dogs using cyanoacrylate, the tracheal walls were remarkably hardened within 3 to 8 months. In eight dogs using fibrin glue for fixation of Marlex mesh to the malacic trachea the results were satisfactory. With fibrin glue, the tracheal walls after 3 to 8 months had almost the same strength as the average of normal tracheae.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Differences among Shigella spp. in susceptibility to the bactericidal activity of human serum.

Clinical isolates of Shigella spp. were examined for their susceptibility to human serum. The susceptibility of the strains to immune and nonimmune human serum was dependent upon the size of the bacterial inoculum and the concentration of serum. There were differences among Shigella spp. in susceptibility to human serum: S. sonnei strains were the least susceptible, strains of S. boydii and S. flexneri serotype 6 were intermediate, and those of S. flexneri other than serotype 6 and S. dysenteriae were the most susceptible. Experiments in which heat-treated (56 degrees C for 30 min, or 50 degrees C for 20 min) serum was used, and analysis of activation of complement by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from each Shigella sp., suggested that LPS composition, especially the O antigen polysaccharide chains, contributes to the differences among Shigella spp. in susceptibility to human serum.

Blood Bactericidal Activity↗
PubMed1988

[Pharmacological investigation of bezafibrate, a hypolipidemic agent (2). Mechanism of the hypolipidemic action of bezafibrate in rats].

The mechanism of the hypolipidemic action of bezafibrate was investigated in rats. Bezafibrate decreased the incorporation of 14C-acetic acid into the liver and serum triglyceride and inhibited liver acetyl CoA carboxylate activity. Bezafibrate increased liver beta-oxidation, but it had no effect on lipolysis and triglyceride secretion from the liver. Bezafibrate accelerated the elimination of serum triglyceride in Intralipid injected rats and increased tissue lipoprotein lipase activity. Bezafibrate decreased the incorporation of 14C-acetic acid into liver cholesterol and inhibited liver HMG-CoA reductase activity. Bezafibrate had no effect on cholesterol absorption and excretion. These results suggest that the hypotriglyceridemic actions of bezafibrate are due to inhibition of triglyceride synthesis and acceleration of triglyceride elimination and that the hypocholesterolemic action of bezafibrate is mainly due to inhibition of liver HMG-CoA reductase activity.

Acetates↗