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Biomedical subjects

Y Matsubara

Publications and source records attributed to Y Matsubara.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Surgical treatment of lung cancer with mediastinoscopic positive lymph nodes].

There are no definite criteria for the indication of surgery in lung cancer with mediastinal lymph node involvement. During the past 20 years, 100 patients (76 patients with adenocarcinoma and 24 patients with squamous cell carcinoma) have undergone thoracotomy for lung cancer with mediastinoscopic positive lymph nodes at our hospital. Of these, relatively curative resection was performed on 13 patients. The 5-year survival rate in these 13 patients was 28%, which was significantly higher than the 0% in 42 patients with relatively non-curative resection and the 0% in 26 patients with absolutely non-curative resection. The 5-year survival rate was 9% in both T1 (n = 14) patients and T2 (n = 37) patients. No T3 (n = 21) and T4 (n = 9) patients survived 3 years. The 5 year survival rate in patients with squamous cell carcinoma was 12% and that in patients with adenocarcinoma was 0%, but there was no significant difference. The survival rates of T1 and T2 patients were significantly higher than that of T3 patients (p less than 0.02 and p less than 0.005) respectively. Contralateral mediastinal lymph node metastasis (N3) was observed significantly more frequently in patients with adenocarcinoma (38%) than in those with squamous cell carcinoma (13%), but there was no significant difference in the survival rate. In N2 patients, the survival rate was compared between those with mediastinal nodal involvement of an early stage (N2-1) and those with lymph node metastasis of more advanced stage (N2-2) according to the lobe bearing the primary cancer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Prevalence of K329E mutation in medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase gene determined from Guthrie cards.

Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder that has been associated with sudden infant death syndrome and a condition resembling Reye's syndrome. The point mutation K329E is thought to be the commonest mutation causing MCAD deficiency in caucasian patients. The prevalence of this mutation was determined by use of dried blood spots on Guthrie cards obtained during neonatal screening programmes. 12 carriers were identified among 479 newborn babies in Britain, 5 among 353 in Australia, and 5 among 536 in North America but none among 500 in Japan. Since presymptomatic diagnosis and appropriate dietary management can prevent life-threatening episodes in MCAD deficiency, population-based DNA screening for this potentially fatal disorder might be justified in countries with a high frequency of this mutation.

Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1991

Primary structure of a 15-kDa protein from rat intestinal epithelium. Sequence similarity to fatty-acid-binding proteins.

An abundant and novel cytosolic protein was purified from the rat intestinal epithelium by gel filtration, ion-exchange and hydroxylapatite chromatography. The protein was eluted into two different positions (fractions 1 and 2) on DEAE-cellulose chromatography. We have completed the primary structure of the protein of fraction 1 by Edman degradation. The protein (144565 Da) contains 127 amino acid residues and has an acetylated alanine at its NH2-terminus. Comparison of the primary structure of the protein with porcine gastrotropin [Walz, A. D., Wider, M. D., Snow, J. W., Dass, C. & Desiderio, D. M. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 14189-14195] and rat hepatic fatty-acid-binding protein revealed that identical residues within these proteins are found in 90 and 54 out of a total of 127 positions, respectively. Bioactivity studies demonstrated that neither the protein nor liver and intestinal fatty-acid-binding proteins influence gastric acid secretory activity in rats with gastric fistulas compared to pentagastrin. The protein showed very low affinity for palmitic-acid-binding in vitro assay system and only trace amounts of endogenous fatty acids were detected from the protein. The protein, rat intestinal 15-kDa protein is considered to be a new member of the fatty-acid-binding protein family based on its structural features.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Neurovirulence of six different murine coronavirus JHMV variants for rats.

Six variant viruses of the JHMV strain of murine coronavirus with large (cl-2, CNSV, DL and DS) or small (sp-4 and JHM-X) S proteins were compared in terms of their relative neurovirulence in weanling Lewis rats. Inoculation of various doses of the variants revealed that the cl-2 and CNSV were highly virulent and DL and DS were low-virulent, while sp-4 and JHM-X were avirulent. Pathological examination of rats infected with variants cl-2, DL and sp-4 showed that the cl-2 and DL induced severe and mild acute encephalomyelitis, respectively, while no lesions were observed in the central nervous system of rats infected with sp-4. Virus growth and distribution of antigen in rat brains correlated strongly with neurovirulence. These results suggest that S protein plays a role in neurovirulence in rats. In addition, these variant viruses were shown to be useful tools for further analysis of JHMV neurovirulence in animals as well as in cultured cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical research on patients with typhoid and paratyphoid fever (1984-1987). Research Group for Infectious Enteric Diseases, Japan].

Patients with typhoid or paratyphoid fever, admitted to 14 hospitals for infectious diseases during 1984-1987, were epidemically and clinically studied. Of the total number of 183 typhoid, 49 paratyphoid fever patients, those infected overseas was 44.3% and 71.4% respectively, giving an overall annual decrease, yet marking an increased ratio of overseas infection. Patients aged 20s-30s and males were dominant. One hundred and seventy six cases (96.2%) of typhoid and all the paratyphoid fever cases were bacteriologically diagnosed. The period from the onset to the diagnosis was around 14 days in most cases, but beyond 29 days in over 10% of the cases. We would like to emphasize that enteric fever, focusing on high fever, bradycardia, roseola, hepatosplenomegaly, leukopenia, elevated serum-GOT GPT and LDH, can be easily diagnosed by blood/stool culture before beginning chemotherapy. Intestinal bleeding was recognized in 24 cases (13.1%) of typhoid and 4 (8.2%) of paratyphoid fever, intestinal perforation in 2 (1.1%) and death in 1 (0.5%) of typhoid fever. CP was most commonly used in chemotherapy. Bacteriological relapse was recognized in 7/127 cases (5.5%) of typhoid, 6/48 (13.0%) of paratyphoid fever those followed beyond 3 weeks, though eradication was attained by retreatment. One strain of S. typhi resistant to CP.ABPC.KM.SM was isolated in 1986 from a patient infected overseas. New quinolones seem reliable in our preliminary studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Immunohistochemical studies on ontogeny of bovine lymphoid tissues.

Developing lymphoid tissues of bovine fetuses ranging from 70 to 270 days of fetal age were examined by histological and immunohistochemical procedures. In the peripheral blood, surface membrane immunoglobulin bearing cells (B-lymphocytes) and sheep red blood cell rosette forming cells (T-lymphocytes) had already appeared by 70 days of fetal age. In the lymph nodes intracytoplasmic IgM positive cells appeared at 90 days of fetal age. The cells positive for IgG appeared at 150 days of fetal age and IgA positive cells appeared at 180 days of fetal age. The spleen contained intracytoplasmic immunoglobulin positive cells at almost the same time as those in the lymph nodes. In the ileocecal region, IgM positive cells and IgG positive cells were present at 180 days of fetal age and IgA positive cells were present at 210 days of fetal age. The tonsils contained IgM positive cells and IgG positive cells at 240 days of fetal age. In the thymus, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase positive cells appeared at 90 days of fetal age.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A pilot study of etoposide, split-dose cisplatin and THP in small cell lung cancer].

Sixteen untreated patients with small cell lung cancer were treated with a combination of Etoposide (70 mg/m2 i.v., day 3-5), Cisplatin (40 mg/m2 i.v., days 1 and 8) and THP (20 mg/m2 i.v., days 1 and 8). Cycles were repeated every 4 weeks and 15 patients received more than two cycles. The objective response rate was 80% (12 of 15) in complete cases, 91% (10 of 11) in limited disease and 50% (2 of 4) in extensive disease. CR rate was 33% in complete cases, 46% in limited disease. The median duration of response was 22.6 weeks. The median survival was more than 12 months in complete cases. Toxicity was primarily myelosuppression. Three of 15 patients had leukopenia of grade 4, 3 of 15 of grade 3, and 7 of 15 of grade 2. Nausea and vomiting were well tolerated by metoclopromide and methylprednisolone. The renal toxicity was minimal. There were no chemotherapy-related lethal complications. This schedule of Etoposide, split-dose Cisplatin and THP is effective and safe for patients with small cell lung cancer. However, the advantage of THP is still controversial.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1990

Differentiation-dependent expression of I and sialyl I antigens in the developing lung of human embryos and in lung cancers.

The localization of two carbohydrate antigens, I and sialyl I antigens, in the lungs of developing human embryos was investigated using specific monoclonal antibodies and compared with the distribution patterns of the known embryonic antigen, stage-specific embryonic antigen-1 (Lex hapten). When the future bronchi were actively developing from the bronchial buds in the lungs of 50- to 53-day-old embryos, the immature bronchial bud cells were I-, Lex+, while the fully differentiated epithelial cells of the larger bronchus were I+, Lex-. When the bronchiolar bud cells matured into bronchiolar epithelial cells in the lung of a 12-week-old embryo, the immature bronchiolar bud cells were I-,Lex+, while the fully differentiated epithelial cells of the bronchioles were I+,Lex-. Sialylated forms of the antigens finally appeared in the lungs of 18-week-old embryos, when the terminal bud cells actively proliferated and underwent the differentiation process into epithelial cells of alveoli and alveolar ducts. The immature terminal bud cells at this stage were I-, sialyl I-, Lex+, sialyl Lex-i+, while the fully differentiated alveolar epithelial cells were I+, sialyl I+, Lex-, sialyl Lex-i-. After 8 months, the flattened mature alveolar epithelial cells were strongly positive for both I and sialyl I antigens, the strong expression of which continued after birth and even into the adult stage. These distribution patterns indicate that the I and sialyl I antigens are specific markers for the differentiated type cells in each stage of development, while Lex and related embryonic antigens were specific to the immature bud cells in every stage. The above-described differentiation-dependent expression patterns of these antigens seem to be reflected in the distribution of these antigens in human lung cancers, i.e., I and sialyl I antigens were expressed in lung cancer cells more weakly than in normal lung cells, while the Lex and sialyl Lex-i were expressed in cancer cells much more strongly than in normal lung cells. This was further reflected in the serum levels of these antigens in the patients with respiratory disorders. The distribution pattern of the serum levels of these antigens in patients with lung cancers showed sialyl Lex-i greater than sialyl I, indicating that these serum antigens originated from the lung cancer lesion where sialyl Lex-i is much more dominant than sialyl I antigen.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Identification of a common mutation in patients with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.

Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency is one of the most common recessively inherited metabolic diseases in man. We have studied fibroblast cultures obtained from three patients with MCAD deficiency by sequencing the entire coding region of MCAD mRNA. A single A to G nucleotide replacement which resulted in lysine329-to-glutamic acid329 substitution of the MCAD protein was identified in all cultures. Furthermore, this point mutation was present in 91% (31 of 34) of mutant MCAD alleles, indicating that the majority of cases with MCAD deficiency are caused by this type of mutation.

Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1990

Possible role of rat fatty acid-binding proteins in the intestine as carriers of phenol and phthalate derivatives.

Fatty acid-binding proteins of hepatic and intestinal type and gastrotropin-like protein (GTLP) were purified from rat intestinal cytosol by Sephadex G-75 gel filtration and DEAE-cellulose, CM-cellulose, and hydroxylapatite chromatographies. In addition to fatty acids, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), phthalate dibutyl, and di(2-ethylhexyl) esters (DBP and DEHP) were identified by gas liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry as endogenous ligands from the extract of either fatty acid-binding protein superfamily. These protein families in the intestine may have an important role as carriers in the initial step of arresting these exogenous pollutants.

Animals↗