Biomedical subjects

Y Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Maeda.

1,168 records · Page 65Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

A case of undifferentiated carcinoma of the gallbladder with anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system.

Anomalous junction of the pancreaticobiliary duct (AJPBD) is a congenital anomaly associated with gallbladder carcinoma. Especially patients with noncystic dilatation and without dilatation of the biliary tract are at risk of gallbladder carcinoma. A 56-year-old woman with advanced gallbladder cancer associated with AJPBD but without dilatation of the biliary tract was treated at our hospital. Although histologically cancer cells remained in the layer of the proprial mucosa, extensive metastases to lymph nodes including the paraaorta and peripancreas were detected. According to the TNM classification this case was of Stage IVB. The cancer consisted of medullary round cells, and was diagnosed as undifferentiated carcinoma. After surgery poor prognosis was expected, but three years have elapsed with no recurrence. The case is of interest because of two points of discrepancy: the primary cancer did not show deep invasion but demonstrated extensive lymph node metastases; the cancer was histologically malignant but prognosis was relatively good.

Bile Ducts↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The use of improved silver impregnating staining method in the differential diagnosis of tuberculoid leprosy.

A comparative study on the usefulness of Kawatsu's silver impregnating staining method compared with S-100 protein ABC technique for the differential diagnosis of tuberculoid leprosy was carried out. The results of neurohistological examination obtained from both methods were almost the same. It can be said that Kawatsu's method is useful and cost-effective, and thus suitable for practical use in developing countries.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Histo-bacteriological investigation on borderline tuberculoid leprosy.

The multi-sections, which were stained by Fite method, of skin biopsies taken from twelve active BT cases were examined under the guidance of special stains for demonstration of nerve components. All cases were AFB positive. Bacilli were found in infiltrated nerves in 11 cases, of which, in 7 cases, bacilli were detected in nerve fragments within epithelioid cell granuloma. And bacilli were seen in arrector pili muscles in 2 cases. No bacilli were detected in other sites. Since the survival of M. leprae in nerves is one of the reasons causing relapse, this paper suggests that it would be better to treat active BT cases with multibacillary regimen recommended by WHO even though smear-negative.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinicopathological study of the testicular microlithiasis].

PURPOSE: Testicular microlithiasis (TM) is a relatively rare condition characterized by calcific concref1p4 within the seminiferous tubules. Little has been reported on the incidence or the clinical implication of TM among Japanese. To address the problem, we evaluated pathologic specimens from biopsies and orchiectomies, of testes with various conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pathologic specimens of the testes of 200 cases, 56 from orchiectomy and 144 from testicular biopsy, were investigated. RESULTS: The pathological diagnosis of TM was confirmed in seven (3.5%) cases, four of which were associated with germ cell tumors and the other three were obtained from testicular biopsies performed for examination of infertile men. Of the 41 patients with germ cell tumors, four (9.8%) were found to have TM, and another three (2.5%) were identified among 122 patients with infertility. The prevalence of TM is significantly higher in specimen with germ cell tumors than those without germ cell tumors (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although TM is rarely encountered, this condition is relatively often accompanied by testicular malignancy. Further investigation would be fundamental to ascertain the relationship between TM and testicular malignancy.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Decreased hepatic nitric oxide synthesis during liver surgery.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Liver cells can produce nitric oxide from L-arginine through the action of nitric oxide synthase, but local changes in the concentrations of nitric oxide-related metabolites during liver surgery are not well characterized. We investigated such changes during and after liver surgery. METHODOLOGY: We determined nitrite plus nitrate, L-arginine and L-citrulline concentrations in radial arterial and hepatic venous blood during and after liver surgery in 17 patients. Portal venous blood concentrations were also measured at the end of surgery in 7 patients. RESULTS: Both arterial and hepatic venous nitrite plus nitrate concentrations were significantly decreased during surgery and remained low compared to pre-operative values until post-operative day 2. Arterial and hepatic venous nitrite plus nitrate concentrations were not significantly different. L-arginine concentrations in both arterial and hepatic venous blood were significantly decreased during surgery, but returned to pre-operative levels on post-operative day 1. L-arginine concentrations in hepatic venous blood were significantly lower than in arterial blood. L-citrulline concentrations in both arterial and hepatic venous blood were significantly decreased during surgery compared to pre-operative values, and tend to be decreased until post-operative day 2. L-citrulline concentrations were significantly higher in hepatic venous blood than in arterial blood. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatic nitric oxide production was decreased peri-operatively during liver surgery. The decreases in L-arginine concentrations and in nitric oxide synthase activity may account for the decrease in nitric oxide production.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of bcl-2 and bcl-x genes in lymphocytes and tumor cell lines derived from MDV-infected chickens.

To characterize the molecular events involved in both apoptosis and transformation process induced by Marek's disease virus (MDV), the expressions of the bcl-2 and bcl-x genes, ones of the dominant apoptosis-regulating genes, in Marek's disease (MD) tumor cell lines and cells prepared from MDV-infected chickens were analyzed. The expression of bcl-2 was down-regulated in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells prepared from MDV-infected chickens at 3 weeks p.i. No bcl-2 transcript was detected in MD tumor-derived MSB1 and MTB1 cell lines, which had been established from primary MD tumors. On the other hand, the bcl-xL transcript whose product can also inhibit apoptosis was expressed in cell lines derived from MD. By the treatment with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin, normal CD4+ T cells were induced to express bcl-xS which can promote apoptosis, while bcl-xL was constitutively expressed in MD cell lines. Our results suggest that bcl-xL rather than bcl-2 might play an important role in the transformation process by MDV.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-1 receptor antagonist in the hepatic vein following liver surgery.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The liver produces various cytokines, but local changes in the concentrations of these reaction products after liver surgery are unknown. We investigated the local changes of interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist after liver surgery. METHODOLOGY: We determined levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in the hepatic vein and radial artery after liver resection in 13 patients. These cytokine levels in the portal vein were also measured in 6 patients. RESULTS: Interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist levels were significantly increased during liver surgery (P < 0.05). The level of interleukin-6 was significantly lower in the hepatic vein than in the radial artery as well as in the portal vein at the end of the operation (P < 0.05, < 0.03). The level of interleukin-8 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist was significantly higher in the hepatic vein than in the artery (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Interleukin-6 may be taken up by the liver after liver surgery, and the difference between hepatic venous and peripheral arterial interleukin-6 levels may be an indicator of liver regeneration after liver resection. Interleukin-8 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist appear to be produced in the remaining liver.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Neuronal intranuclear hyaline inclusion disease: report of a case and review of the literature.

A case of neuronal intranuclear hyaline inclusion disease (NIHID) is described. The patient was a 26-year-old man who died of a progressive neurologic disorder, the onset of which occurred at the age of 11 years. Clinically, the disease presented as juvenile parkinsonism, and pathologically it was characterized by multiple-system degeneration in conjunction with the ubiquitous presence of intranuclear hyaline inclusions in neurons of the central and peripheral nervous system including the autonomic ganglia. Smaller and less eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions were also present in a small number of glial cells. The neuronal inclusions emitted a strong yellow-green autofluorescence under ultraviolet light and were composed of filaments 10-15 nm in diameter. The glial inclusions also consisted of similar filaments but their autofluorescence could not be determined with certainty because of their small size and background autofluorescence. A review of the literature revealed 19 similar autopsy cases up to 1987. Since the clinical presentation and distribution of neuronal loss as well as the characteristics of the inclusions showed some differences among the cases, some authors speculated that NIHID represented more than one variant of a multiple-system degenerative disease. However, about half of the reported cases had favorable sites of neurodegeneration, such as the pallidum, substantia nigra, motor nuclei of the brain stem, anterior horn cells, Clarke's column and spinal ganglion as well as similarities among the inclusions. Thus, there seems to be a discrete group among cases of NIHID.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The serum levels of resistin in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

OBJECTIVE: Adipocyte-derived resistin is a circulating protein implicated in insulin resistance, but the role of human resistin is uncertain because it is produced largely by macrophages. The aim of this study was to analyze serum resistin concentrations in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients to determine the role of resistin in human inflammatory diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Resistin concentrations were assessed by ELISA in serum samples from 42 patients with RA. Serum samples from 38 healthy subjects acted as controls. We also evaluated the circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-alpha) and disease activity markers in RA patients. RESULTS: In RA patients, serum resistin levels were significantly higher than those in healthy subjects. Serum resistin levels in RA patients were correlated with the RA disease activity markers, CRP and ESR. Furthermore, resistin levels in RA patients were significantly correlated with circulating levels of TNF-alpha. CONCLUSION: Serum resistin levels were significantly increased in RA patients and correlated with inflammatory markers and TNF-alpha, suggesting that resistin may play a role in the rheumatoid inflammatory process.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Reticulin fiber staining of crush preparations for the rapid differentiation between schwannomas and meningiomas.

The use of reticulin fiber staining of cytologic crush preparations for the rapid differentiation of schwannomas and meningiomas of the cerebellopontine angle was studied. As in paraffin-embedded sections, the reticulin stain demonstrated distinctly different patterns in the two types of tumors. Schwannomas showed extremely numerous, uniformly delicate straight fibers in a streaming or interlacing pattern in cellular areas and less dense, more wavy or curly fibers in degenerative areas. Fibroblastic meningiomas showed a few loose fibers of variable thickness in a root-like tangle while meningotheliomatous meningiomas showed no fibers, except in areas of fibrovascular stroma; both types showed small scattered round structures made up of reticulin fibers. These findings suggest that reticulin staining of crush preparations should be performed as an adjunct to routine cytologic staining of crush preparations and the study of frozen sections in making the intraoperative diagnosis of these tumors.

Cerebellar Neoplasms↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Simultaneous liquid chromatographic determination of water-soluble vitamins, caffeine, and preservative in oral liquid tonics.

A rapid, simple, and reliable liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of nicotinamide (niacinamide), thiamine, riboflavin, riboflavin sodium phosphate, pyridoxine, caffeine, and sodium benzoate in commercial oral liquid tonics. The 7 components are separated on a reverse phase C18 column using a mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.01M potassium dihydrogen phosphate-triethylamine (8 + 91.5 + 0.5 v/v/v) containing 5mM sodium octanesulfonate and adjusted to pH 2.8 with phosphoric acid. Components are detected at 254 nm with attenuation 0.02 AUFS. Acetanilide is used as an internal standard. In addition to the 7 components mentioned, nicotinic acid (niacin), cyanocobalamin, and folic acid are also separated under the same conditions. Sample preparation involves only addition to internal standard solution and dilution with mobile phase and then filtration. Recoveries of the 7 components and cyanocobalamin from spiked preparations ranged from 97 to 104% with coefficients of variation of 0.9-4.2%.

Caffeine↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Hypocalcemic effect of 24R, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in rats.

The physiological significance of 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24R,25 (OH)2D3] is still controversial. The effects of 24R,25-(OH)2D3 on serum calcium level were examined in rats. While 24R,25-(OH)2D3 had no effect on serum calcium level in normal rats, 200 micrograms/kg of 24R,25-(OH)2D3 showed significant hypocalcemic effect in rats pretreated with vitamin D3 (changes of serum calcium level compared with control group were 1.3 and 1.5 mg/dl at 24 and 36 hours respectively) and also showed a significant antagonistic effect against the action of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1 alpha,25(OH)2D3) in the thyroparathyroidectomized rats (changes of serum calcium compared with control group were 0.5 and 0.8 mg/dl at 12 and 24 hours respectively). It was concluded that the effect of 24R,25-(OH)2D3 on serum calcium differs from that of 1 alpha,25-(OH)2D3.

24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Antitumor effect of 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.

24R,25(OH)2D3, one of the endogenous active metabolites of vitamin D3, showed suppressive effects on the proliferation of various tumor cells in vitro and a prolonging effect on the survival of P-388 bearing mice in vivo. Lewis lung carcinoma was found to cause hypercalcemia in tumor bearing mice. K-DR (24R,25(OH)2D3 (prepared by Kureha Chemical Ind.) significantly prolonged the survival of mice with Lewis lung carcinoma. K-DR also showed a suppressive effect on the growth of human osteosarcoma transplanted in nude mice.

24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Liquid chromatographic determination of L-ascorbic acid in candies and soft drinks.

The L-ascorbic acid (AsA) contents of candies and soft drinks available in the market were determined by liquid chromatography (LC). Samples are cleaned up on a disposable Sep-Pak C18 cartridge followed by reverse phase separation on an ODS column using a mobile phase of 0.1% phosphoric acid (pH 2.2). The AsA peak is detected on the basis of the UV absorption at 254 nm. The detection limit was 1 microgram/mL final concentration. Recoveries of AsA added at levels of 1-10 mg/g candy and 1-10 mg/10 mL soft drink were 99.2-101.7% with a coefficient of variation of 0.52-1.20% (n = 5). The present method allows rapid and accurate assays because it is a simple procedure compared with the official dye-titration method, and it is suitable for the routine analysis of AsA in selected candies and soft drinks.

Ascorbic Acid↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A CAD/CAM system for removable denture. Part I: Fabrication of complete dentures.

This study investigated the development of a computer-aided system for designing and fabricating removable complete dentures. The anatomical and morphological information of edentulous residual ridges and surrounding tissues were obtained from maxillomandibular double impressions mounted on a high-speed, three-dimensional laser scanner. Artificial tooth arrangements, occlusion, the outline of polished surface, and denture border location were developed on a work station using a knowledge data base. Established three-dimensional data were transferred into a three-dimensional, laser lithography machine, and a complete denture was fabricated from photopolymerized resin composite material.

Computer-Aided Design↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A case of hepatocellular carcinoma effectively treated with epirubicin aqueous vesicles in monodispersed iodized poppy-seed oil microdroplets.

A 64-year-old woman with a solitary mass (18 mm in diameter) of hepatocellular carcinoma underwent hepatic arterial infusion therapy with water-in-oil-in-water emulsion (W/O/W) prepared by the membrane emulsification technique using a controlled pore glass membrane. In the W/O/W, numerous microdroplets of iodized poppy-seed oil (IPSO), which contained many vesicles of aqueous solution of epirubicin, were suspended in the external aqueous phase. The mean diameter of the IPSO microdroplets was 30 microns. Seventeen milliliters of the W/O/W containing 40 mg of epirubicin and 5 ml of IPSO was infused into the proper hepatic artery. No severe side effects were encountered. Computed tomography taken 3 days after the treatment revealed a clearly defined deposition of IPSO within the tumor. Serum alpha-fetoprotein levels, 5.35x10(3) ng/ml, before treatment, decreased to 131 ng/ml on 38 days after treatment. The tumor was extirpated and histopathological examination revealed complete necrosis of the tumor.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗