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Biomedical subjects

Y Lin

Publications and source records attributed to Y Lin.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Sudden death of clinically unknown origin. An overview of postmortem examinations in Japan].

To elucidate the possible causes of sudden unexpected deaths (SUD) in Japan, we over-viewed autopsy findings described in the Annual of the Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan, Vol. 35-37, 1992-1994. A total of 313 cases of SUD of clinically unknown origin (age > = 5 year) were found among the 95,142 autopsy cases listed in the above compilation. The direct causes of death, if identified, were described with their incidences. When the direct cause was undetermined, the most dominant pathological finding was listed. The difference in age between identified and unidentified groups was also studied. In 225 (72%) out of 313 SUD, direct causes of death were clarified as follows: cardiovascular diseases in 140 (acute myocardial infarction in 75), pulmonary diseases in 32, cerebrovascular diseases in 17, and gastrointestinal or hepatic disease in 17 cases. Even among 88 cases whose direct causes of death were unclear, 55 had cardiovascular abnormalities including myocardial hypertrophy and ischemic changes. No life-threatening abnormalities were found in 23 SUD cases, most of whom were men in their forties or younger. This study indicates that autopsy is helpful to reveal the cause of SUD. It also suggests cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of SUD of clinically unknown origin.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1999

Modulation of nucleoside [correction of nucleotide] triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (NTPDase-1)cd39 in xenograft rejection.

BACKGROUND: There is increasing evidence showing that extracellular nucleosides [corrected] may be important mediators of vascular inflammation. Nucleoside [corrected] triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (NTPDase-1, identical to CD39), the major vascular endothelial ectonucleotidase, is responsible for the hydrolysis of both extracellular ATP and ADP in the blood plasma to AMP. Studies were therefore conducted to evaluate the role of vascular NTPDase-1/cd39 in modulating platelet activation and vascular injury in cardiac xenografts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cardiac xenografts from both wild-type and cd39 knockout mice (C57BL/6 x 129 Svj) were transplanted into Lewis rats. Alterations in cd39 mRNA transcripts and NTPDase activity expression were evaluated in wild-type grafts in untreated rats and then following complement depletion and immunosuppression. Rejection responses were studied with both mutant and wild-type grafts in the following models: presensitization with or without complement depletion, complement depletion alone, and with chronic immunosuppression to induce long-term graft survival. RESULTS: NTPDase biochemical activity in wild-type xenografts rapidly decreased after transplantation but soon rebounded with graft survival. Elevated levels of cd39 mRNA with associated increases in NTPDase activity were observed in all long-term surviving wild-type grafts. Hyperacute xenograft rejection times were comparable in wild-type and mutant grafts but cd39-deficient grafts were subject to more rapid rejection and exhibited pronounced vascular injury in complement-depleted, presensitized rats. The cd39-deficient grafts in immunosuppressed recipients were subject to increased intravascular platelet sequestration and fibrin deposition; this resulted in focal myocardial infarction in long-term surviving mutant xenografts. CONCLUSIONS: Augmentation of NTPDase-1 activity may be an important adaptive response for graft survival. Our results suggest that NTPDase-1/cd39 influences pathways of vascular injury in cardiac xenografts.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1999

[Analysis of fibronectin and laminin in the extracellular matrixes of acute myeloid leukemia and its implications].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between quantitative change of fibronectin (Fn) or Laminin (Lm) and growth and differentiation of leukemic cells. METHODS: The extracellular matrixes, Fn and Lm, in long-term bone marrow culture (LTBMC) from 18 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and 6 normal subjects were examined by immunofluorescence assay. RESULTS: 1. The Fn or Lm content in 9 AML self-maintained (AMLsm) 1-3 week-cultures was significantly less than that in 9 AML not self-maintained (AMLnsm) cultures. 2. In the third week's cultures, the blasts of 8 AMLnsms decreased to less than 5%, but did not of 7 AMLsms. 3. As the cultures going on, the blasts were related to Fn or Lm contents positively in normal control and negatively in AMLnsm. The blasts were related to Fn contents negatively in AMLsm. CONCLUSION: The change of Fn or Lm may play an important role in the development of AML. In addition, the difference of Fn or Lm contents between AMLsm and AMLnsm was helpful to the choice of AML patient for in vitro purging of leukemic cells through LTBMC before auto-BMT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[CT and MR imaging of germinomas arising in basal ganglia and thalamus].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of CT and MR imaging in diagnosing germinomas arising in the basal ganglia and thalamus. METHODS: MR imaging of 11 boys (ranging in age from 3-15 years with a median of 10.7 years) with germinomas arising from the basal ganglia and thalamus was reviewed retrospectively and the imaging findings were compared with the features of 86 germinomas in other regions. The tumors located at basal ganglia in 9 and at thalamus in 2. All diagnosis was proved operatively and pathologyically. Five cases were studied using both CT and MR, 4 were examined with MR and 2 with CT only. RESULTS: In this series of 11 tumors, 9 were located in the basal ganglia and 2 in the thalamus. The shape of six tumors was global and 5 was lobulated. The cystic components or necrosis were intratumoral in 5 patients and hemorrhage in 4. Patchy enhancement was found in 9 patients and ring-enhancing lesions in 2. Tumor spread oppositely in 4 patients. Five patients demonstrated cortical atrophy ipsilaterally. CONCLUSION: The germinomas arising from the basal ganglia and thalamus have sex, location and imaging characteristics. Therefore, it is possible to make preoperative diagnosis using CT or MR.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Myelodysplastic syndrome with Sweet's syndrome--one case report and literature review].

OBJECTIVE: In order to raise understanding of myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS) with Sweet's syndrome(SS). METHODS: The characteristics of MDS with SS were discussed with literature review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The characteristics of MDS with SS were as follows: 1. SS associated with MDS was a systemic disease, involving lung, liver, spleen, myocardium, mesentery and subcutaneous fat tissue, besides cutaneous lesions. The article reported the thyroid gland involved by SS with MDS for the first time. 2. SS with MDS might occur with neutropenia. 3. SS with MDS was a marker of advancing MDS. MDS with SS was transformed to acute myelogenous leukemia easily.

Humans↗
PubMed1999

[Polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene and susceptibility to asthma with familial aggregation].

OBJECTIVE: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays a key role in the metabolism of angiotensin II (AT II) and inactivation of bradykinins and tachykinins, which are potent bronchial constrictors and mediators of inflammation asthma, and ACE is heavily expressed in the lungs. An insertion-deletion (D/I) polymorphism of ACE gene has been shown to be associated with levels of ACE. Whether or not the polymorphism of ACE gene is associated with asthma and bronchial responsiveness was investigated. METHODS: A case-control study was carried out in 50 asthmatics, 7 families with at least 2 asthmatic individuals, and 50 healthy subjects. The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of ACE gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Methacholine broncho(Mch)-provocation and pulmonary function tests were performed in all asthmatics. RESULTS: There was an higher gene frequency of DD genotype of ACE gene in asthmatic subjects and families individuals compared with healthy subjects (46% vs 16%, P < 0.05; Odd ratio 4.98). Accordingly, the mean values of FEV1% and FEV1/FVC were higher in asthmatics carrying non-DD alleles than patients with DD genotype (74% vs 57%, P < 0.05; 79% vs 69%, P < 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that DD allele of ACE genotype was significantly involved in genetic susceptibility to asthma. DD genotype of ACE might be a risk factor for the degree of airway obstruction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[The role of endogenous nitric oxide in airway hyperresponsiveness of asthmatic rats].

OBJECTIVE: Nitric oxide (NO) precursor L-arginine (L-Arg) and NOS inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) were used to investigate the role of endogenous NO in airway hyperresponsiveness of asthmatic rats. METHODS: Asthmatic wistar rats were developed by sensitization and challenging with ovalbumin. Airway responsivess to acetylcholine (Ach) was measured in vitro in isolated and perfused rat tracheal rings with or without epithelium after inhibiting or stimulating NO synthesis. RESULTS: After asthmatic rat tracheal rings were incubated in vitro with L-NAME 10(-5) mol/L, the maximal response of tracheal rings to Ach was increased compared with that of the control group. When asthmatic rat tracheal rings were coincubated with L-Arginine 2 x 10(-5) mol/L and L-NAME 10(-5) mol/L, the maximal response was decreased compared with that of the L-NAME group. Incubation with higher concentrations of L-Arginine did not change asthmatic rat tracheal responsiveness to Ach. Epithelium-denuded tracheal rings in the asthmatic rats showed a significant (P < 0.05) upward shift in the Ach concentration response curve; the maximal response was increased compared with the tracheal intact group. In the denuded tracheal rings, L-NAME and L-Arginine did not influence the shape of the Ach concentration-response curve and the maximal response. CONCLUSIONS: Endogenous nitric oxide, a mediator of bronchodilation, is synthesized from L-Arginine by NO synthase in asthmatic rats. The epithelium lining airway smooth muscle probably contributes to nitric oxide synthesis. Our finding suggests that the airway in asthmatic rats could not use exogenous L-Arginine to synthesize nitric oxide.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Surgical reduction of condylar fracture using lag screw].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and result of application of lag screw osteosynthesis in condylar fracture. METHODS: Six dislocated condylar fractures were treated with lag screw. Postoperative follow-up mean 7 months (range 3-13 months). RESULTS: It showed no complaint on TMJ area from patients during the follow up, no facial asymmetry was found, no patient had malocclusion, 5 patients had mouth opening over 40 mm 3 months postoperatively, and all patients were satisfied with the treatment results. CONCLUSION: Based on the clinical and radiological results the authers believe that lag screw technique is a feasible method for indicated condylar fracture.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[A clinical research for eosinophilic meningoencephalitis caused by angiostrongyliasis].

OBJECTIVE: To improve the awareness of angiostrongyliasis. METHODS: The clinical and laboratory data as well as the epidemiological informations of 18 patients with eosinophilic meningoencephalitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis were analyzed. RESULTS: All the patients had a history of eating raw fresh water snail (Ampularium canaliculatus) before the onset of the disease. Incubation period ranged from 1 to 25 days. The major symptoms of the patients were severe headache and pain in the trunk and limbs. Peripheral blood eosinophilia was noted together with increased eosinophilic count in cerebrospinal fluid. With ELISA sera from patients were specifically IgG-antibody positive against Angiostrongylus cantonensis antigen, but were negative against other parasitic antigens such as Paragonimus westermani, Cysticercus, Cellulosae hominis, Echinococcus granulosus and Trichinella spiralis. Abnormal spot signal was found in 2 cases with brain magnetic resonance imaging. Electroencephalogram showed slow alpha rhythm. All the patients were effectively treated with good combined administration of albendazole and dexamethasone. CONCLUSION: Angiostrongyliasis is one of the common causes leading to eosinophilic meningoencephalitis. To our knowledge, Wenzhou is the first small outbreak site discovered of angiostrongyliasis in mainland China.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Open lung biopsy in diagnosis of interstitial lung disease].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of open lung biopsy in diagnosis of interstitial lung disease. METHODS: 24 patients with interstitial lung disease who underwent open lung biopsy from 1993 to June 1998 were reviewed. RESULTS: The documented pathologic diagnosis in 24 patients with interstitial lung disease who underwent open lung biopsies were: 7 IPF (UIP), 1 acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP), 3 BOOP, 2 DPB, 3 sarcoidosis, 2 tuberculosis, 1 histiocytosis-X and 1 lung cancer. Most of these patients did not definitely diagnosed through their clinical evaluation including history, chest X-ray, pulmonary function tests and TBLB. CONCLUSIONS: Open lung biopsy, is a useful method, as it is sensitive and specific in diagnosis of interstitial lung disease. It is helpful in defining the site and extent of interstitial lung disease and diagnosing rare and atypical interstitial lung disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody on the progression of human gastric cancer orthotopic xenotransplanted into nude mice].

OBJECTIVE: To study the inhibiting effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer. METHODS: The anti-tumor and anti-metastasis effect of anti-VEGF antibody, mitomycin C (MMC) were investigated by means of an orthotopic xenotransplanted model of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 in nude mice which had been randomly divided into 4 groups: control group receiving PBS, group receiving 50 microg/mice anti-VEGF antibody, group receiving 2 mg/kg MMC, and group receiving 50 microg/mice anti-VEGF antibody combined with 2 mg/kg MMC. Anti-VEGF antibody was given i.p. twice a week and MMC was administered i.p. once a week for 8 weeks from day 7 after transplantation. All animals were sacrificed at the end of 10 weeks. The tumor was weighted and the intra-tumoral microvessel density (MVD) was recorded, and the liver was histologically examined in order to discover micrometastasis. RESULTS: Both anti-VEGF antibody and MMC showed a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of primary tumors; in the combination treatment group the inhibitory effect was more significant than single agent. Liver metastasis developed in 19 of 28 mice (67.9%) of the controls and in 6 of 11 mice (54.5%) receiving MMC. In contrast, liver metastasis occurred in 2 of 10 mice (20%) receiving anti-VEGF antibody and none receiving combination treatment. In addition, the MVD was less significant in the anti-VEGF antibody group and combination treatment group than other groups. CONCLUSIONS: Anti-VEGF may provide a new approach to the treatment of gastric cancer by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, and combination of anti-VEGF antibody with MMC could be more effective.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Cytokine assays for pterygium].

OBJECTIVE: To study the roles of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in pathogenesis of pterygium. METHODS: Radioimmunoassay and bioactivity assay were used to measure the levels of TNF-alpha and PDGF in tissue culture supernatant of pterygium specimens obtained from 30 patients. RESULTS: The levels of TNF-alpha and PDGF in tissue culture supernatant of pterygium were significantly higher than that of normal conjunctival specimens (t = 2.827, P < 0.01; t = 3.011, P < 0.01), and there was a significant difference between progressive and quiescent cases (t = 2.374, P < 0.05; t = 2.712, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The abnormal secretion of TNF-alpha and PDGF may be related to the pathogenesis of pterygium.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[A clinical analysis of Mooren's corneal ulcer].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics and to compare the effects of several therapies of Mooren's corneal ulcer. METHODS: 550 consecutive in-patients with Mooren's corneal ulcer were clinically analyzed, including the age, sex, laterality of the eye, ulcer location, rate of perforation, cure rate of surgeries, recurrent rate, and the effects of conjunctiva excision, lamellar keratoplasty (LKP), LKP plus cyclosporin A eye drops. RESULTS: The average age of onset of the ulcer was 48.4 years old, the ratio of male to female was 1:0.74, bilateral disease occurred in 165 cases (30.0%) of whom 52 cases (31.5%) were in the younger group and 113 (68.5%) in the older group. There were 501 eyes (70.1%) with the ulcer located at the limbus of palpebral fissure, and 95 out of 715 eyes with the disease had corneal perforation, the rate of perforation being 13.3%, 41 cases (43.2%) in the younger group and 54 cases (56.8%) in the older group. The postoperative recurrent rate was 25.6%. The cure rate of once LKP plus cyclosporin A eye drops was 73.7%, the final cure rate was 95.6%, and the preservative rate of the corneal anatomical structure of the surgeries was 99.7%. CONCLUSION: LKP plus cyclosporin A eye drops is an effective treatment of Mooren's corneal ulcer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Apoptosis of HL60 cells induced by inhibition of bcl-2 with antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of different bcl-2 antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide (ASPO) concentrations in inducing apoptosis of HL60 cells. METHODS: Signs of apoptotic cells were detected by acridine orange staining, transmission electron microscope, flow cytometry and DNA fragment electrophoresis. RESULTS: In presence of ASPO, the apoptosis of HL60 cells could be induced after 24 hours of incubation. The apoptosis rate at ASPO 5, 10 and 20 micromol/L were (9.67 +/- 2.16)%, (18.25 +/- 3.01)% and (23.42 +/- 2.75)% respectively. There was a statistically significant increase in apoptosis as the dose of ASPO increased. After incubation for 72 hours, the apoptotic rates of the 3 different ASPO concentration groups were (9.58 +/- 2.96)%, (29.58 +/- 4.04)% and (36.33 +/- 3.66)% respectively, of which the apoptic rate of HL60 cells incubated with ASPO 5 micromol/L was highest at 48 hours. CONCLUSION: Bcl-2 ASPO can specifically induce apoptosis of HL60 cells. Its effect depends upon the concentration of ASPO.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1999

[Influence of modulatory activity of wound fluid on the characteristics of fibroblasts from irradiation and the action of phenytoin sodium].

OBJECTIVE: Influence of irradiation and phenytoin sodium on modulatory activities of wound fluid on proliferation of fibroblasts and collagen synthesis was studied. METHODS: The male Wistar rats were used in this study. The rats were divided into irradiated and non-irradiated groups, and in each of them it was subdivided into phenytoin group and control. A 7 cm long incisional wound was made on the back of each rat, in which a polyvinyl alcohol sponge (PVAS) with a size of 1.0 cm x 0.4 cm was implanted into the wound and the wound was sutured up. The PVAS was prepared by rinsing in running water over night and then was boiled for 30 minutes. Before implantation, the sponge was immersed in phenytoin sodium solution (10 mg/l ml) or normal saline (as control). From each wound the wound fluid and fibroblasts were collected. The methods of incorporation of 3H were adopted to assess the proliferation of fibroblasts and synthesis of collagen. RESULTS: It was shown that proliferation of fibroblasts and collagen synthesis were stimulated by wound fluid remarkably on 5 to 8 days after wounding, and that 6 Gy to total-body irradiation wound decrease this effect. It was also noted that topical phenytoin sodium increased the modulatory activity of wound fluid irrespective of being irradiated or not. CONCLUSION: It could be drawn that, after total-body irradiation, stimulation of hyperplasia of fibroblasts and collagen synthesis by wound fluid was markedly lowered indicating the total-body irradiation resulted in changes of local conditions of the wound which was unbenefitted to repair of tissue cells, while phenytoin sodium could enhance the stimulating action of wound fluid on proliferation of fibroblasts and synthesis of collagen which was beneficial to wound healing.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Population study of the CSF1PO, TPOX and TH01 STR polymorphisms in east China].

Allele and genotype frequencies of four short tandem repeat loci were determined in a population sample from east China by using PCR and fluorescence techniques. After denaturing PAGE, 9 alleles were identified for CSF1PO, 8 alleles for TPOX, and 7 alleles for TH01. All loci met Hardy-Weinberg expectations. In addition, the theoretical values of these loci for paternity and forensic casework were evaluated.

Alleles↗