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Biomedical subjects

Y Kuroda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kuroda.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Unique electronic property of a Langmuir-Blodgett film of dioleyl lecithin deposited on a porous membrane.

The current-controlled voltage characteristics across a Langmuir-Blodgett film of dioleyl lecithin deposited on a fine-pore membrane between equimolar aqueous solutions of NaC1 and KC1 were studied. This membrane was found to exhibit the properties of switching and differential negative-resistance. These unique electronic properties are interesting in relation to excitable phenomena in biomembranes.

Electrochemistry↗
PubMed1985

Antibodies to nonenzymatically glucosylated albumin in the human serum.

The existence of antibodies to nonenzymatically glucosylated albumin was investigated in nondiabetic and diabetic subjects. The sera from both the nondiabetic and the diabetic subjects were shown to contain the proteins which bound to reductively glucosylated albumin. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated that the antibodies specific for reductively glucosylated albumin existed in the sera containing the binding proteins. For binding the antibodies glucitollysine as the glucose adduct in reductively glucosylated albumin was an effective competitor. The hexose alcohol epimers glucitol and mannitol were also effective competitors compatible with glucitollysine. Our results suggest that the antibodies to reductively glucosylated albumin are widely present not only in the diabetic subjects but also in the nondiabetic subjects and cross-react with the hexose alcohol.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A wasp venom mastoparan-induced polyphosphoinositide breakdown in rat peritoneal mast cells.

The phospholipid metabolism of rat peritoneal mast cells stimulated with mastoparan, a secretagogue purified from wasp venom, was investigated. Mastoparan at 20 micrograms/ml caused a rapid secretion of histamine. Mastoparan induced a transient decrease of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate on 32P labeling and generation of a water-soluble degradation product, inositol trisphosphate on [3H]inositol labeling, suggesting the activation of phospholipase C upon stimulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Activation of branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex by alpha-chloroisocaproate in normal and enzyme-deficient fibroblasts.

A method has been developed for the activation of the branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex by alpha-chloroisocaproate, an inhibitor of branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase in human cultured skin fibroblasts. The enzyme could be activated by pretreating the cells with alpha-chloroisocaproate before they were disrupted for measurement of the activity. After this treatment, the activity was 2- to 3-fold that of untreated cells (24.8-81.4 pmol/min per mg protein). The enzyme activity in fibroblasts from a patient with maple syrup urine disease was measured by this procedure. After activation by alpha-chloroisocaproate, the activity of fibroblasts from the patient was only 10-14 pmol/min per mg protein (10% of that of controls), and was almost the same as that of the untreated cells from this patient. These results show that it is important to consider the activation state of branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex when assaying it in disrupted cells.

3-Methyl-2-Oxobutanoate Dehydrogenase (Lipoamide)↗
PubMed1985

Hereditary renal hypouricemia in children.

The renal handling of urate was investigated in four children with hereditary renal hypouricemia and in their parents. The urate/creatinine clearance ratios in the four patients were 1.02 +/- 0.28, 0.93 +/- 0.11, 1.03 +/- 0.24, and 1.46 +/- 0.26, markedly higher than those in control subjects. Except for a partial response to pyrazinamide (change in clearance ratio from 1.46 to 1.07) in one patient, pyrazinamide and benzbromarone did not affect the clearance ratios in our patients. In the parents, the urate/creatinine clearance ratios were intermediate between those of the patients and control subjects, but responses to pyrazinamide and benzbromarone were normal. These data indicate that our patients have a combined defect in renal urate reabsorption, and that one of them might be subclassified as having the hypersecretion of defect. Results also show that heterozygotes can be identified by testing their urate/creatinine clearance ratio.

Benzbromarone↗
PubMed1985

Diagnosis of partial deficiency of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in biopsied muscle.

We have measured the total activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex, by in vitro activation with a broad specificity protein phosphatase, and the basal activity, supposed to be present in vivo, in biopsied muscles from three patients with PDH complex deficiency and 11 patients with lactic acidemia. Results showed that the total PDH complex activity must be determined in biopsied muscles for the diagnosis, because the basal activities of two of three patients with PDH complex deficiency overlapped those of two patients with lactic acidemia whose total activities were within normal range.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Peripheral blood and CSF T-cell subsets in Japanese MS patients.

We analyzed peripheral blood and CSF T-cell subsets in Japanese patients with MS, using an OK series of monoclonal antibodies in an immunofluorescent technique. In the peripheral blood, suppressor T cells were increased, with a concomitant decrease in helper T cells, after recovery from acute exacerbation, but there was no relationship between T cells in peripheral blood and CSF. In the CSF, acute exacerbation was associated with an increase in Ia-positive cells and a decrease in T cells. CSF pleocytosis (with more than 30% of Ia-positive cells) probably indicated active disease.

Adolescent↗