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Biomedical subjects

Y Kuroda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kuroda.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Congenital lactic acidosis.

For use in screening for disorders of pyruvate metabolism in cultured skin fibroblasts, we developed a sensitive assay method for measuring the rates of decarboxylation of (1-14C)-pyruvate using dichloroacetate (DCA). By this method, disorders of the mechanism of activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) were found in 2 of 10 patients with congenital lactic acidosis of unknown cause. We also found that DCA activated the PDH complex and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, which is an important pathway of energy metabolism, in the brain and other tissues, and lowered the lactate level in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Therefore, DCA therapy may be useful in treatment of chronic congenital lactic acidosis if this treatment is started sufficiently early.

Acetates↗
PubMed1987

Voice tremor: dysregulation of voluntary expiratory muscles.

We studied three patients: two with voice and hand tremor, and one with voice tremor. Voice tremor was associated with synchronous rhythmic contraction of cricothyroid and rectus abdominis muscles, but not always vocalis muscle. Voice tremor was manifested only in voluntary phonation or expiration, not in involuntary phonation, voluntary inspiration, or involuntary expiration and inspiration (breathing at rest). Impaired regulation of the CNS programs innervating the voluntary expiratory muscles probably causes voice tremor. Clonazepam and propranolol were helpful in blinded studies.

Clonazepam↗
PubMed1987

Incidence of antibody to HTLV-I is not increased in Japanese MS patients.

To examine the association between MS and anti-human T-cell lymphotropic virus-I (HTLV-I) antibody, we studied serum and CSF antibody to HTLV-I in 27 Japanese MS patients by an indirect immunofluorescence method sensitive and specific enough to detect carriers of HTLV-I. The antibody was detected in 3 of 27 MS patients (11.1%), in 4 of 48 patients (8.3%) with other neurologic diseases, and in 8.3% of 2,500 healthy blood donors. There was no significant difference in the incidence between the three groups. The titer of the antibody was low in CSF when compared with that in serum in all seropositive MS patients. Fluctuations in the CSF antibody titer were not observed in any of 14 MS patients sampled repeatedly.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

CSF mononuclear cell subsets in active MS: lack of disease-specific alteration.

We studied CSF mononuclear cell subsets in MS and acute aseptic meningoencephalitis, using seven monoclonal antibodies. Ia-bearing cells were more frequent in active MS than in stable MS. In active MS, the percentage of Ia-bearing cells was higher than M5 cells or B7 cells, suggesting that Ia-positive T cells appear when the disease is active. However, there was no difference in the proportion of CSF cell subsets in active MS and acute aseptic meningoencephalitis; the changes in MS are similar to acute inflammatory reactions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Effects of buflomedil on survival rate, local cerebral blood flow and glucose utilization after cerebral ischemia in spontaneously hypertensive rats].

Cerebral protective effects of oral Buflomedil administration for 7 days were studied in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). After permanent bilateral carotid artery occlusion (BCAO), the survival rates at 24 hr were 38% and 44% in groups treated with Buflomedil at the doses of 30 mg/kg (n = 16) and 90 mg/kg (n = 15), respectively, which were significantly higher than that in the control group (orally given saline for 7 days), 6%. In rats that survived and given Buflomedil, carbon filling of the brain after BCAO was extended to the territories of the internal carotid artery, while it was restricted to the brainstem and cerebellum in rats died within 3 hr and given either saline or Buflomedil. Local cerebral blood flow (LCBF), monitored by [14C]-Iodoantipyrine autoradiography, was determined at 3 hr after the start of BCAO or at 2 hr after reperfusion in rats orally given either saline or Buflomedil 30 mg/kg for 7 days. Local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU), monitored by [14C]-Deoxyglucose autoradiography, was determined at 2 hr after reperfusion. At 3 hr after the start of BCAO, the LCBF in the Buflomedil group was higher by 71-128% in the cerebral cortex, 61-150% in the amygdala, caudate-putamen, nucleous accumbens and globus pallidus, and 82% in the internal capsule. At 2 hr after reperfusion, LCBF did not differ between groups, but LCGU in the Buflomedil group was significantly higher by 26-49% in the cerebral cortex, cochlear nuclei and vestibular nuclei than that in the control group. From these results, it is concluded that Buflomedil improved survival rate after permanent BCAO and have beneficial effect on local cerebral blood flow distribution after BCAO in SHR.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effects of dichloroacetate on the mechanical function of the isolated ischemic heart.

The effects of sodium dichloroacetate (DCA) on the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH) and the mechanical function of the isolated ischemic rat heart were investigated. Ischemia was induced by restriction of coronary flow. Perfusion with DCA caused a decrease in the tension developed (DT) and the maximal rate of tension development (+ dT/dt max), and an increase in the resting tension (RT) at low flow rates (0.6 and 0.15 ml/min). However, it did not affect the DT or +dT/dt max of normoxic hearts (3 ml/min) or hearts at zero flow rate. DCA increased PDH activity in hearts at all flow rates. It was concluded that this effect of DCA was associated with a decrease in lactate production, rather than an increase in the lactate/pyruvate ratio.

Acetates↗
PubMed1987

Radiologic findings in xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis.

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is rare, and information on its radiologic diagnosis is limited. Radiologic findings of seven patients with histologically proven xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis were reviewed retrospectively. Sonography showed a calculus or calculi of the gallbladder with moderate thickening of the wall in all. IV cholangiography was performed in six cases. Findings were nonspecific. Four had nonopacified gallbladder, and one had stenosis of the proximal part of the common bile duct. Marked thickening of the gallbladder wall was seen in six of seven cases on CT. In one case the thickened wall was lobulated and irregular. The border between the gallbladder and the adjacent liver was unclear in two and relatively clear in five. Four patients underwent angiography to evaluate the possibility of tumor. Two of them had irregularity and stenosis of the cystic artery highly suggestive of carcinoma. The other two showed only dilatation of the cystic artery. On the basis of all radiologic studies, carcinoma was diagnosed preoperatively in two of the seven cases. Radiologically, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis may best be regarded as a tumor-like condition and should be included in the differential diagnosis of gallbladder cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 treatment of three patients with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-receptor-defect rickets and alopecia.

Three patients with clinically different severities of vitamin D-dependent rickets, type II, with alopecia, which is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-receptor-defect rickets and is particularly resistant to treatment with calciferol analogues, were treated with large doses of 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 (1 alpha-(OH)D3) and 2 g of calcium lactate. Except for the alopecia, all of the abnormalities of patients 1 and 2 were reversed by treatment with 3 micrograms/kg/d of 1 alpha-(OH)D3, and those of patient 3, who had the severest manifestations, were reversed by treatment with 6 micrograms/kg/d. The serum 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations of the three patients were low before treatment and those of patients 1 and 2 increased during treatment. These findings suggest that in patients 1 and 2, 25-hydroxyvitamin D-24-hydroxylase was stimulated via a 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-receptor-mediated system by treatment with 1 alpha-(OH)D3.

24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3↗
PubMed1987

[A case report of successful immunochemotherapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma using UFT and PSK].

The authors have monitored a case of renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the supraclavicular cavity over a twenty-year period following surgical removal of a cancerous kidney. The subject was a 67-year-old male who had his right kidney removed in 1963 because of renal cell carcinoma. In September of 1983, complaints of pain and an enlarged tumor in the left supraclavicular cavity during a physical examination led to a pathological diagnosis of clear cell carcinoma. Although chemotherapy using FT-207+ PSK was ineffective, there was a response to UFT+ PSK therapy which was deemed effective according to the criteria of Koyama and Saito. The findings suggested that UFT was effective in this case.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Analgesic doses of epidural morphine do not affect local glucose utilization in the spinal cord in rats.

The possibility of association between changes in spinal cord metabolism and changes in spinal cord neuronal activity by injection of morphine into the epidural space in amounts adequate to produce analgesia was examined. Fourteen Wistar rats were equally divided into two groups: a morphine group (epidural, 15 micrograms) and a control group (saline). Using the 2-[14C] deoxyglucose method, glucose utilization was measured in the spinal cord and in the brain, including structures related to pain modulation, in the presence and in the absence of analgesia produced by epidural morphine as confirmed by the hot plate test. Glucose utilization was shown to be similar in the spinal cord and in the brain in both groups of animals. The results suggest that analgesic doses of epidural morphine do not affect neuronal activity of the spinal cord by changing spinal cord carbohydrate metabolism.

Analgesia↗