Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y Kuroda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kuroda.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Effect of insulin on inositol-phospholipid metabolism in isolated rat fat cells].

The effects of insulin on the incorporation of [32P]Pi was studied in isolated rat fat cells. When the cells were incubated with insulin and [32P]Pi, a novel radioactive phospholipid, which migrated slower than phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, was detected on thin layer chromatography. The effect of insulin was both dose- and time-dependent. Pretreatment of insulin with anti-insulin antibody or the cells with anti-insulin receptor sodium vanadate stimulated synthesis of this phospholipid in rat adipocytes. These findings indicate that the synthesis of this phospholipid is stimulated through the insulin receptors. The radioactivity of this phospholipid was recovered in the water phase after deacylation with mild alkaline treatment. When extracted lipid were applied to a silicic acid column, the radioactivity of this phospholipid was eluted with methanol, but not with chloroform. This phospholipid coincided with the product of [32P]-phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate treated with phospholipase A2 on thin layer chromatography. Quinacrine, a phospholipase A2 inhibitor, suppressed the incorporation of [32P]Pi into this phospholipid on dose dependently. This suggests that this phospholipid is lyso-from. suggests that this phospholipid is lyso-from. Insulin stimulated similarly the incorporation of [3H]myo-inositol into this phospholipid. It indicates that this is an inositol phospholipid. Under the same condition, insulin also stimulated the synthesis of this inositol phospholipid in isolated rat hepatocytes, but not in mouse macrophage. It is possible that this reaction is common in insulin target organ.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of a rapid diagnosis of congenital lactic acidemia by transported peripheral blood samples].

The usefulness of a rapid diagnosis of congenital lactic acidemia was investigated using peripheral blood samples from 40 patients with lactic acidemia which had been transported from the hospitals in every part of Japan. Platelets and monocytes were separated, and the rates of decarboxylation of pyruvate and activities of enzymes involved in pyruvate metabolism were measured. The activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in monocytes was relatively stable. However, [1-14C] pyruvate and [3-14C] pyruvate decarboxylation rates and cytochrome c oxidase activity in platelets and pyruvate carboxylase activity in monocytes were unstable and decreased during the transportation of blood samples. Therefore, in order to diagnose the enzyme defects, it was necessary to compare the values for patients with those for control subjects who were simultaneously examined. Using this method, a patient with pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency was found in the 40 patients with congenital lactic acidemia.

Acidosis, Lactic↗
PubMed1989

[Silicosis and lung cancer].

A clinicopathological analysis was carried out on 50 cases of lung cancer with silicosis diagnosed from April 1975 to March 1988. All patients were males and the age distribution ranged from 47 to 85 years with a mean of 63.5 at diagnosis. They had been exposed to silica in tunneling for 3 to 42 years, with an average of 15.1. Forty eight cases smoked. Histologically, squamous cell carcinoma was the most common with 29 cases, followed by 10 small cell carcinomas, 6 adenocarcinomas, 4 large cell carcinomas and one adenosquamous carcinoma. Thirty seven tumors were located in peripheral regions, mostly upper lobe or S6, while 13 tumors were in large bronchi. As the most common histological types of lung cancer with silicosis were squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma, some carcinogens might be involved in tumorigenesis. Silica alone is not considered to be a carcinogen, however, silica containing adsorbed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from cigarette smoking or from industrial pyrolysis can act as a carcinogen or promoter.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Recovery kinetics of hematopoiesis after peripheral blood stem cell autotransplantation].

Hematopoietic recovery kinetics was evaluated in five children with therapy-refractory cancers who received peripheral blood stem cell autotransplantation (PBSCT) following marrow-ablative chemotherapy. Four children received graft containing more than 1.5 X 10(4) CFU-GM/kg and days required to achieve granulocyte counts of greater than 0.5 X 10(9)/l were 6, 10, 13, and 18, respectively. One patient received 0.9 X 10(4) CFU-GM/kg, but, recovery of granulopoiesis was retarded (greater than 30 days). The days required to achieve platelet count of greater than 50 X 10(9)/l were 12, 15, 16, 195, and greater than 240, respectively. Transient decrease of blood cell counts developed 3 to 5 weeks after transplantation and thereafter, the recovery of hematopoiesis became stable. With the use of a large number of progenitors, PBSCT seems to be safe and effective new type of stem cell rescue operation as an alternative to bone marrow transplantation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Rapid and complete hematopoietic reconstitution following peripheral blood stem cell autotransplantation in a child with T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

Rapid and complete hematopoietic reconstitution was achieved in a child with T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia who was autografted with peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC). A large number of PBSC was collected by two courses of 3-4 hour-lasting lymphopheresis during early remission induced by the second-line chemotherapy and then cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. A myeloid progenitor cell dose of 203 X 10(4) CFU-GM/kg body weight was reinfused to the patient following marrow-ablative chemotherapy (MCNU 600 mg/m2, cytosine arabinoside 6 g/m2, etoposide 300 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide 160 mg/kg). Neutrophil count reached 0.5 X 10(9)/l by day + 7 and platelet count reached 20 X 10(9)/l by day + 9. Thereafter, white blood cell count continued to increase and reached a maximum of 38 X 10(9)/l on day + 14. Thus, the rapid recovery of hematopoiesis minimised marrow aplasia-related risks. This approach of stem cell rescue operation can be applied to the treatment of children with cancer, who otherwise have no hope to be cured, as an alternative to bone marrow transplantation.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[Interstitial pneumonitis following high-dose MCNU].

We describe a 11-year-old boy with NHL, who developed interstitial pneumonitis following high-dose MCNU with autologous peripheral stem cell transfusion. Non-productive cough, malaise and progressive dyspnea on exertion were noticed 7 weeks after high-dose MCNU (600 mg/kg) treatment, and chest X-ray revealed a bibasilar reticular pattern. Arterial blood was hypoxemic and pulmonary function showed the development of a restrictive ventilatory effect and a reduced diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO). Clinical Symptoms were resolved after 3 courses of m-PSL pulse therapy and 6 months prednisolone, but an isolated reduction in DLCO has been present. This case suggests that pulmonary toxicity is a dose limiting factor for MCNU treatment.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1989

Renal failure caused by long-term use of a germanium preparation as an elixir.

Two Japanese women and one Japanese man, who had been taking the same germanium preparation, mainly containing inorganic germanium, as an elixir for health almost every day at 90 mg of germanium per day for 6 to 20 months, suffered from chronic renal failure. Histological examination of the kidney in one patient showed marked interstitial changes with vacuolar degeneration of the renal tubules. High germanium concentrations were found in hair and nails of the three patients, but no germanium was detected in hair or nails of normal persons. These results suggest that long-term use of a germanium preparation at high dosage can cause serious renal tubular damage and renal failure due to germanium toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency resulting from a C-to-T substitution in exon 5 of the ornithine transcarbamylase gene.

To define the molecular basis for the TaqI site alteration in the ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) (E.C.2.1.3.3) gene of a female patient with mild OTC deficiency, we used a combination of genomic amplification followed by direct sequencing and oligodeoxyribonucleotide hybridization. We obtained evidence for a C-to-T substitution in exon 5 (codon 141) of this gene. This mutation generates a stop codon, in place of Arg, at amino acid 109 of the mature OTC protein. The mutation arose, de novo, in a germ cell of one of the parents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A case of stimulus-sensitive segmental spinal myoclonus].

A 37-year-old-man was admitted to our hospital because of periodic contraction of the right shoulder muscles of approximately one month's duration. He denied any significant history such as trauma or fever. General physical examination was unremarkable. Neurological examination was also unremarkable except for the periodic synchronous myoclonus involving the right sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, deltoid, rhomboid and serratus anterior muscles. X-ray fluoroscopy demonstrated a synchronized rhythmic contraction of the right diaphragm. The myoclonus was considered to be of spinal origin, because those muscles were innervated by the right fourth and fifth cervical spinal segments. Its frequency was approximately 1.2 Hz. The myoclonus disappeared during sleep. It was enhanced by a voluntary contraction of the corresponding muscles, but mental stress such as arithmetic induced no change in the myoclonus. CBC, serum laboratory data including viral antibody titer, and cerebrospinal fluid were all normal. Radiological examination including MRI showed no abnormal finding. EEG as well as somatosensory evoked potentials following median nerve stimulation were normal. Jerk-locked averaging triggered by the myoclonus of the right deltoid muscle showed no pre-myoclonus spike at the scalp electrodes. Clonazepam (1.5-6 mg/day) and phenytoin (200 mg/day) reduced the rhythmicity as well as frequency of the myoclonus, which then became stimulus-sensitive. The reflex myoclonus was induced by tapping anywhere on the body or by electric shock, but not by flash or sound. There was a refractory period of approximately 800 msec. Lack of the stimulus-sensitivity early in the clinical course could be due to this refractory period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Comparative study on in vitro lymphocytotoxicity and mitogenicity of different antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) preparations].

The lymphocytotoxicity and mitogenicity between six different ALG preparations on the clinical use world wide were compared. No significant difference in the lympholytic activity was observed between preparations and 100% cell lysis was achieved at a concentration of 50 micrograms/ml in the presence of complement. On the other hand, four preparations now in use in European countries and USA showed variable mitogenic activities on lymphocytes in the absence of complement, whereas two ALGs used in Japan did not. As the stimulatory effects of ALG on lymphocytes may contribute to the clinical outcome in the treatment of severe aplastic anemia (Kawano et al, 1988), these date can explain the poor clinical results of ALG therapy with those two preparations in Japan. Careful measures should be paid in the construction of treatment protocol and selection of ALG preparations to yield the best results.

Antilymphocyte Serum↗
PubMed1989

[Successful management of massive hemoptysis, following pulmonary mycosis by bronchial artery embolization in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

In June 1987, a 20-year-old man was diagnosed as T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In August, at a nadir period of the remission induction chemotherapy, he complained of high fever and dry cough. A chest roentgenogram also showed a nodular area of increased density in the left upper lobe. Since his clinical state deteriorated progressively despite the administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics, amphotericin B was administered intravenously (with an initial dose of 5 mg/day, increased up to 25 mg/day). Concomitant with bone marrow recovery and continued antifungal therapy, he became soon afebrile and improved over the next 2 months. The infiltrates also began to resolve. Then he abruptly coughed up about 800 ml of blood and suffered from acute respiratory failure. Bronchial arteriographic studies demonstrated active extravasation of contrast medium in the region of the cavity. After therapeutic embolization with Gelfoam, the extravasation was no longer observed. Active bleeding abruptly ceased and had not recurred until the left upper lobectomy which was performed 10 days after the embolization. This case typically demonstrates the value of bronchial arterial embolization in treating massive hemoptysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical experience with cefodizime in bacterial infection of children].

Clinical studies were performed on cefodizime (THR-221, CDZM), a new cephem antibiotic as described below. CDZM was administered to 13 patients in dose levels ranging from 55 to 96 mg/kg/day t.i.d. for 3-7 days (5.5 days on average). These patients included 8 with pneumonia, 2 with tonsillitis, 1 each with bronchitis, phlegmon and urinary tract infection. The overall efficacy rate was 92.3%, i.e., efficacy was excellent in 8, good in 4 and poor in 1. Bacteriological efficacy was 83.3%, i.e., 5 strains of bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae 1, Haemophilus influenzae 3, Haemophilus parainfluenzae 1) were eradicated and 1 was unchanged (Enterobacter cloacae, MIC greater than 100 micrograms/ml). Clinical side effect was not observed during the treatment. Laboratory abnormalities were observed in 2 cases, i.e., a slight elevation of GPT and a mild eosinophilia. The above results suggest that CDZM is a useful antibiotic for treating pediatric bacterial infections.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

[A probable case of adult Williams-Campbell syndrome incidentally detected by an episode of atypical mycobacterial infection].

A 39-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of dry cough. She had been quite well until 1 month before admission. She had no history of chronic sinusitis. Chest X-ray film showed a thin-walled cavity in the superior segment of the left lower lobe of the lung. Curettage biopsy of the cavity wall revealed granulomatous change. Mycobacterium intracellulare-avium complex was identified on sputum culture. Anti-tuberculous therapy was given and the cavity disappeared in 3 months. Since atypical mycobacterial infection is quite unusual for a healthy woman to contract, we performed high-resolution CT (HRCT) in search for occult abnormalities of the lung. HRCT detected a lot of thin-walled cystic lesions, and bronchography showed that they were consistent with cystic dilatation of relatively large bronchi, which ballooned up during inspiration, and collapsed during expiration. Airways peripheral to these dilatations were also visible, and were quite different from usual cystic bronchiectasis formed by acquired recurrent infections. Her bronchiectasis is most likely congenital in its etiology, and might be considered as an adult case of Williams-Campbell syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Ultrastructural alterations of glomerular anionic sites in IgA nephropathy.

The ultrastructural alterations of glomerular anionic sites were studied in biopsy specimens from 34 patients with IgA nephropathy using polyethyleneimine (PEI). Prominent common findings in the glomeruli of the patients were few PEI particles in electron dense deposits in the mesangial and subepithelial area and marked reduction in glomerular anionic sites covered with deposits. The anionic sites of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and epithelial cell surface coat (ESC) appeared unaltered in the patients with hematuria and/or mild proteinuria. But in patients with proteinuria in the nephrotic range, focally discrete loss of anionic sites in the lamina rara externa (LRE) was seen and the number of anionic sites of the ESC were decreased with retraction of the foot processes. The anionic sites of the lamina rara interna showed much less change in these patients. Subepithelial deposits were often seen concomitantly with focal loss of anionic sites in the LRE at the site of the deposits, but subendothelial deposits had little influence on the anionic sites of the neighboring GBM. The anionic sites of GBM that showed focal thinning with small GBM projections were appreciably decreased in number, but those in split GBM were not decreased. These results suggest that either loss of the negative charge on the glomerular capillary wall associated with subepithelial immune deposition or morphological changes of the GBM contribute to the progression of proteinuria in IgA nephropathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

A radioimmunoassay for an advanced glycosylation endproduct.

A competitive radioimmunoassay for an advanced glycosylation endproduct, 2-(2-furoyl)-4(5)-(2-furanyl)-1H-imidazole (FFI) was developed. The immunogen was prepared by coupling of 4-furanyl-2-furoyl-1H-imidazole-1-hexanoic acid to keyhole limpet hemocyanin. The antiserum obtained by immunizing guinea pigs with the immunogen exhibited high affinity binding to FFI, but no cross-reactivity was observed for structurally related compounds containing an imidazole ring or furan ring(s). By using the radioimmunoassay, the levels of FFI in bovine serum albumin incubated with glucose for varying lengths of time were measured. A time-dependent increase was obtained in the amount of acid-liberated FFI and fluorescence. The radioimmunoassay described here had satisfactory reproducibility as judged by the intra-assay precision of 3.4-6.4% and the interassay precision of 7.3-8.9%. The method allows to quantitate FFI on the modified proteins that have been implicated in the complications of diabetes and in normal aging as well.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Accumulation of a globo-series glycolipid having Gal alpha 1-3Gal in PC12h pheochromocytoma cells.

In a previous paper, we reported the presence of globoside as a major neutral glycolipid in PC12 pheochromocytoma cells [Ariga, T., Macala, L. J., Saito, M., Margolis, R. K., Greene, L. A., Margolis, R. U., & Yu, R. K. (1988) Biochemistry 27, 52-58]. Recently, we found that subcloned PC12h cells accumulated another unusual neutral glycolipid. In order to characterize this glycolipid, PC12h cells were subcutaneously transplanted into rats. The induced tumor tissue accumulated two major neutral glycolipids, which were purified by Iatrobeads column and preparative thin-layer chromatographies. One of the glycolipids was found to be globoside, and the other had a globotriaosyl structure with an additional terminal Gal alpha 1-3 residue. Its structure was determined by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, two-dimensional proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (2D NMR), permethylation study, sequential degradation with exoglycosidase, and mild acid hydrolysis to be Gal(alpha 1-3)Gal(alpha 1-4)Gal(beta 1-4)Glc(beta 1-1')Cer.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗