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Biomedical subjects

Y Kuroda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kuroda.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Reduced thyroid-stimulating hormone response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone in autistic boys.

The thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin responses to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) were compared among four groups of boys--41 autistic, 12 mentally retarded (MR), 12 with minimal brain dysfunction (MBD) and five controls. The autistic boys were divided into two groups: DQ(IQ) greater than or equal to 80 and DQ(IQ) less than 80. Mean TSH basal and peak levels were significantly lower in both autistic groups than in the MR, MBD and control groups. Mean TSH peak value minus basal value (p-b) was significantly lower in both autistic groups than in the control group. Mean prolactin levels and p-b value did not differ among groups. It is suggested that there may be enhanced dopaminergic and/or reduced serotonergic activity in the central nervous system of autistic children, together with hypothalamic dysfunction.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1991

Demonstration of an unstable variant of pyruvate dehydrogenase protein (E1) in cultured fibroblasts from a patient with congenital lactic acidemia.

The deficiency of pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme complex causes congenital lactic acidemia and devastating neurologic abnormalities in newborns and children. In the majority of cases, the basic defect appears to be in the pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1) component, which consists of two subunits, alpha and beta. Whereas some patients are deficient of a single subunit, in other patients both subunits of E1 are missing. To find out why two proteins were deficient, we investigated the cultured fibroblasts of a female patient who had missing E1-alpha and E1-beta protein bands on Western blot. Radiolabeling-immunoprecipitation studies with 35S-methionine revealed that patient fibroblasts synthesized normal sized precursor E1-alpha and E1-beta proteins, which were presumably transported into mitochondria and processed into normal sized mature proteins. However, pulse-chase analysis showed that alpha- and beta-proteins were degraded rapidly compared to normal. Our findings proved that alpha- and beta-subunits were synthesized and processed normally but failed to form a stable structure for incorporation into the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1991

Neuroepithelial cyst presenting as recurrent aseptic meningitis.

A 41-year-old man had three episodes of acute aseptic meningitis from the age of thirty-six. With each episode he had severe occipital headache associated with a mononuclear pleocytosis and an increase in CSF protein. He had a neuroepithelial cyst originating from the choroid plexus of the right cerebellomedullary cistern. Spontaneous ruptures of the cyst probably caused recurrent chemical meningitis. A neuroepithelial cyst must be considered in the differential diagnosis of intracranial cystic tumors presenting with aseptic meningitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Numb chin syndrome secondary to Burkitt's cell acute leukemia.

We describe a case of Burkitt's cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia presenting with the bilateral numb chin syndrome as the initial symptom of the disease. Postmortem study of the trigeminal nerve showed heavy infiltrations of leukemic cells and destruction of axon and myelin by leukemic cells in the mandibular nerve.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1991

Assessment of sinus node function in patients with congenital long QT syndrome.

Sinus node function was evaluated in 4 patients with congenital long QT syndrome suffering from recurrent episodes of syncope and ventricular arrhythymias. Three of the 4 patients had bradycardia at rest on a 24-hour ECG. Sinus node function was examined by the atrial overdrive suppression test and the atrial premature stimulation test. Corrected sinus node recovery time (CSNRT) was prolonged in all patients. Total sinoatrial conduction time was also prolonged in 2 of the 4 patients. In all patients with abnormally high values, these values returned to normal after atropine administration, except in one patient. His prolonged CSNRT remained high after atropine administration, indicating abnormal automaticity such as that seen in sick sinus syndrome. These results show that sinus node function in congenital long QT syndrome is often associated with autonomic dysfunction, and sometimes with intrinsic disturbances of sinoatrial conduction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Unusual survival kinetics of neocarzinostatin-treated HeLa cells: its relation to the drug-inactivation.

Cell survival kinetics of exponentially growing HeLa S3 cells as a function of the period of treatment with neocarzinostatin (NCS) and its relation to drug inactivation were analyzed in vitro with various concentrations of NCS. NCS activity was rapidly lost during the treatment period in a simple exponential manner with a half-life of 2 to 4 minutes depending on the treatment conditions. A novel type of time-survival curve was observed; the number of surviving cells decreased within a few minutes of treatment, then showed a transient increase after which there was again a decrease then an increase which reached a constant level in 3 hours. The increase in the surviving fraction of cells during the treatment period is interpreted as being due to recovery from the potentially lethal NCS damage manifested on the decrease of NCS activity in the medium. The subsequent fluctuation in the surviving fraction is not readily explainable, but may be due to reactivation and re-inactivation of NCS in the cells.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1991

Cell-density dependency in the survival kinetics of neocarzinostatin-treated HeLa cells in monolayer cultures and in spheroids.

Cell survival kinetics of HeLa cells grown exponentially in monolayers or grown in multicellular spheroids following neocarzinostatin (NCS) treatment was analyzed in vitro. The effect of NCS was markedly reduced when a large number of cells were plated as compared to a small number per dish. Cell survival kinetics for various combinations of factors: the cell number per dish, concentration of NCS and volume of the medium containing NCS showed that the extent of cell killing by NCS was solely determined by the relative relation of cell density expressed as cells per unit volume of medium to the effective concentration of NCS; the effective total NCS available to each cell. The theoretical formulation in a controlled situation indicates that C37, the concentration of NCS required to reduce the surviving fraction to e-1, is directly proportional to the cell density. The experimental data points derived from all the combinations of factors essentially followed a linear regression line of the theoretical equation. Therefore, the cell-density dependency of drug-induced cell killing may not be due to a difference in cellular sensitivity or recovery capacity. The effect of NCS on cells in spheroids with central necroses can not be explained only on the basis of the cell-density dependency, but is likely to be reduced by hypoxic conditions, decreased reactivation and the limited penetration of NCS to the deeper layers.

Cell Aggregation↗
PubMed1991

A unique mutation in the vitamin D receptor gene in three Japanese patients with vitamin D-dependent rickets type II: utility of single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis for heterozygous carrier detection.

Vitamin D-dependent rickets type II is a hereditary disease resulting from a defective vitamin D receptor. In three Japanese patients with vitamin D-dependent rickets type II whose fibroblasts displayed normal cytosol binding and impaired nuclear uptake of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, western, Southern, and northern analyses failed to disclose any abnormalities in vitamin D3 receptor protein and its gene. Exons 2 and 3 of the vitamin D receptor cDNA, which encode the DNA-binding domain consisting of two zinc fingers, were amplified by PCR and sequenced to identify the specific mutations in the vitamin D receptor gene. In the three patients and one normal control a T-to-C transition was found in the putative initiation codon, while this transition was not observed in another normal control. This finding suggested that an original initiation codon was located at positions 10-12 in the human vitamin D receptor cDNA sequence reported previously. In contrast, a unique G-to-A transition at position 140 in exon 3, resulting in substitution of arginine by glutamine at residue 47, was revealed only in these three patients. The arginine at 47 is located between two zinc fingers and is conserved within all steroid hormone receptors. Therefore, it is highly conceivable that this amino acid substitution is responsible for the defect of the vitamin D receptor in the patients. Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of amplified DNA confirmed that all patients were homozygous and that parents from one family were heterozygous carriers for this mutation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Small cell carcinoma of the stomach: a clinicopathologic study of 17 cases.

Of 17 cases of small cell carcinoma of the stomach, three were early and 14 were advanced. Grossly, the tumors were mostly polypoid at the early stage, and as they advanced, deep ulcerations developed. Histologically, only one tumor was "oat cell type," and the other 16 were "intermediate cell type." With regard to tumor components, five were "pure" tumor, and 12 were "composite" admixing glandular and/or squamous differentiation. Argyrophil cells were seen in eight tumors. Immunohistochemically positive cells for chromogranin, neuron-specific enolase, and keratin were seen in 12, 10, and 7 tumors, respectively. Carcinoembryonic antigen was negative in the small cell component of most tumors as opposed to strong positivity in the glandular component. Electron-dense core granules were evident in seven of nine tumors examined. These findings suggest that histologic variety is quite characteristic of the small cell carcinomas of the stomach, and this type of carcinoma takes an aggressive clinical course like its counterparts in other organs.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[A case of upper brainstem infarction developing symptomatic narcolepsy after the administration of anti-convulsant drugs].

A 52-year-old woman, who had ischemic infarction in the ventral upper brainstem due to subarachnoid hemorrhage in October 1986, had recurrent sleep and cataplexy attacks from May 1987. She was receiving valproate and phenytoin daily since 1986. The diagnosis of narcolepsy was made based on the clinical symptoms and EEG findings showing REM sleep during a sleep attack. Both sleep and cataplexy attack increased in parallel with an increase of the dose of anti-convulsant drugs and disappeared immediately after the discontinuation of the treatment. The findings that suggest that the administration of anti-convulsant drug as well as the brainstem vascular lesion was deeply involved in the development of narcolepsy in this case.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1991

Adenine nucleotides metabolism of the canine pancreas during preservation by the two-layer cold storage method.

The relationship between tissue concentrations of adenine nucleotides (ANs) at the end of cold preservation period and organ viability after transplantation is controversial. The purpose of this study is to examine energy metabolism of the pancreas graft preserved by a two-layer cold storage method and the relationship with the viability of the pancreas graft following transplantation. After preservation by simple cold storage with Euro-Collins' solution (EC) (group 1) or University of Wisconsin solution (UW) (group 2), an original two-layer (EC/perfluorochemical(PFC)) method (group 3) and a modified two-layer (UW/PFC) method (group 4) for 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours, tissue concentrations of ANs were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the viability of the pancreas graft was tested in the canine model of segmental pancreas autotransplantation. While EC alone (group 1) was available only for 24-hour preservation, UW alone (group 2) and the original two-layer method (group 3) were effective up to 72-hour preservation and the modified two-layer method (group 4) was successful up to 96-hour preservation. In simple cold storage with EC or UW, there was no significant difference between tissue concentrations of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) of viable grafts and nonviable grafts. But in groups 3 and 4, there was an excellent correlation between the posttransplant viability and ATP tissue concentration at the end of preservation, and ATP was useful to predict the viability of the canine pancreas during preservation by the two-layer method before transplantation.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical evaluation of cefpirome in pediatric field].

Cefpirome (CPR), a new synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic, was administered to 10 patients with infectious diseases. The patients included 5 boys and 5 girls from 1 month to 5 years of age. They were given the drug intravenously at dosages ranging 53-100 mg/kg/day for 4 to 10 days. Clinical efficacy was evaluated in 9 patients: excellent in 2 patients, good in 6 patients and fair in 1 patient. The overall efficacy rate was 88.9%. No adverse effects were observed except in one patient who showed a slight increase of serum GOT and GPT.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[A case with MELAS associated with epilepsia partialis continua].

We report a 14-year-old boy with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and strokelike episodes (MELAS) who presented repeated episodes of abdominal pain and vomiting since the age of 8 years. In addition, he developed strokelike episodes with myoclonic seizures and transient hemiplegia on three occasions. At the age of 14-1/12-years, he also developed epilepsia partialis continua persisting for 10 days, which was associated with myoclonic seizures synchronized with spike discharges at the right central area. Laboratory examination disclosed increased levels of lactate and pyruvate in serum and CSF and low density areas in the bilateral temporal regions on CT scan. Muscle biopsy showed scattered ragged-red fibers. The enzyme activities (pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, pyruvate carboxylase, phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase, and cytochrome c oxidase) and the rates of decarboxylation of [3-14C]pyruvate in cultured skin fibroblasts were within normal ranges.

Acidosis, Lactic↗
PubMed1991

Percutaneous embolization of ruptured splanchnic artery pseudoaneurysms.

The usefulness of emergent embolotherapy was evaluated in 17 patients with life-threatening hemorrhage from 18 ruptured splanchnic artery pseudoaneurysms. Complete hemostasis was obtained in 16 out of 17 patients by embolotherapy. Of the 12 initial embolization procedures with permanent embolic materials including stainless steel coils, microcoils, and Ivalon, complete cessation of bleeding was obtained in 11. On the other hand, 6 out of 9 initial embolization procedures with Gelfoam particles failed to halt bleeding, and additional embolization with permanent embolic materials was required. Emergent embolization with permanent embolic materials using superselective catheterization should be considered the initial treatment of choice for ruptured splanchnic artery pseudoaneurysms.

Adult↗