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Biomedical subjects

Y Kudo

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kudo.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

The regulation of L-proline transport by insulin-like growth factor-I in human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells.

The effect of insulin-like growth factor-I on amino acid transport was studied by measuring the uptake of tritiated L-proline in the cultured human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells. The uptake of L-proline was supported by both transport system A, ASC and Gly and by Na+-dependent amino acid transport system A, and by Na+-independent system L. The initial rate of total L-proline uptake as a function of concentration showed saturation and obeyed Michaelis-Menten kinetics with Michaelis constant (Km) and maximum velocity (Vmax) values of 1.87 mM and 8.89 nmol x (mg protein)-1 x (3 min)-1, respectively. Na+-dependent L-proline uptake was significantly stimulated by insulin-like growth factor-I in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Kinetic analysis showed that insulin-like growth factor-I enhanced transport activity by increasing the Vmax of transport without significant changes in the affinity (Km) of the carrier for the substrate. The increase in transport activity was significantly reduced by cycloheximide. The stimulated increment above basal L-proline uptake was completely inhibited by alpha-(methylamino) isobutyric acid, suggesting that only system A was affected by insulin-like growth factor-I. Na+-dependent L-proline uptake was also stimulated by insulin-like growth factor-II and insulin-like growth factor-I analogues. The insulin-like growth factor-I-stimulated L-proline uptake was inhibited by one of its binding protein, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4, in a concentration-dependent manner.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1996

Lipo-PGE1, prostaglandin E1 incorporated in lipid microspheres, protects injury of the liver caused by warm ischemia reperfusion.

Effects of Lipo-PGE1, prostaglandin E1 incorporated in lipid microspheres on liver injury caused by ischemia reperfusion were investigated. Lipo-PGE1 (10 micrograms/kg or 3 micrograms/kg) or vehicle was gradually injected twice via portal vein 5 min prior to induction of ischemia and reperfusion. Rats died within 2 d after liver ischemia of 90 min from the group receiving injection of vehicle alone. Lipo-PGE1 had its most profound effect on the survival of animals subjected to liver ischemia followed by reperfusion when given in two doses, one prior to ischemia, and another prior to reperfusion. Lipo-PGE1 markedly suppressed both the increases in plasma PCOOH (phosphatidyl-choline hydroperoxide) levels and the leakage of GOT, GPT, and LDH from the liver during the ischemia reperfusion. These findings suggest that Lipo-PGE1 may have therapeutic applications in treatment of hepatic injury.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1996

Synchronous gene expressions during embryogenesis of Oncorhynchus masou (Yamame).

In order to detect periods of synchronous gene expressions during embryogenesis of Oncorhynchus masou (Yamame), we analyzed the peptide constituents of the embryos by means of two-dimensional electrophoresis. New kinds of peptides were mainly detected in three periods, i.e. between the 12th and 13th day, between the 20th and 21st day, and between the 30th and 31st day after fertilization. Hatching occurred between the 34th and 37th day. These indicate that these three periods, which corespond to (1) the shifting stage from maternal to nuclear events in gene expression, (2) the development of external organs such as fins, and (3) the preparative stage for hatching, respectively, may be critical stages in gene expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Detection of genes in Escherichia coli sequences determined by genome projects and prediction of protein production levels, based on multivariate diversity in codon usage.

We used principal component analysis to develop measures (called Z-parameters in this study) which reflect the diversity of codon usage in Escherichia coli genes. Protein production levels for 1500 CDSs (protein-coding sequences) identified by E.coli genome projects in Japan and the US were estimated from a correlation equation between Z1 and cellular protein content obtained through analysis of the genes experimentally characterized. Through the profile analysis of Z1 for E.coli sequences obtained by the Japanese Project, we predicted an additional 36 CDSs that had not been annotated in the International DNA Database. Thirty-one out of the 36 CDSs could be assigned to presumptive protein genes through a BLASTX search for recent protein databases in the Genome Net in Japan. Detailed examination of the Z1-parameter profile led us to assess sequencing errors which cause frame-shift.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1996

Free composite graft for lip reconstruction after tumor excision.

This paper represents 10 patients for whom lip defects following excision of malignant tumors were reconstructed by the free composite graft technique using the opposite side of the lip. Usually, for upper lip reconstruction, a switch flap or Zisser-Madden method is commonly used. For lower lip reconstruction, the methods of the double cross-lip flaps or the rotation flap are most frequently used. However, we recommend the free composite graft technique for selective patients, since this method is simpler than the other techniques and the results are excellent both cosmetically and functionally.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

A case of Ki-1 positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma transformed from mycosis fungoides.

A case of cutaneous Ki-1 positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma which developed in the plaque stage of mycosis fungoides was described. A 73-year-old woman who had suffered from pruritic scaly eruptions over her entire body for more than two decades was admitted because of an ulcerated tumor measuring 45 x 55 x 15 mm and several satellite tumors on the buttock. All tumorous lesions were resected without recurrence to date. Histochemical study revealed that the tumor consisted of large anaplastic cells which were Ki-1 (CD30)-positive and LCA-negative. Some of the erythematous plaques contained LCA-positive, small-sized atypical lymphocytes. In other plaques which developed two years later, there were large Ki-1-positive atypical cells. In the specimens obtained from the tumor and the plaque, the same pattern of T-cell receptor gene rearrangements was detected. These findings indicate that both Ki-1 positive anaplastic cells in the tumor and atypical lymphoid cells in the plaques were derived from the same T cell clone.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Frontonasal flap for reconstruction of complete alar defects.

BACKGROUND: It is difficult to reconstruct a satisfactory ala. Axial frontonasal flap has been common in reconstruction of nasal tip. We modified this flap to reconstruct nasal ala. OBJECTIVE: A modified axial frontonasal flap was applied for reconstruction of complete unilateral alar defects in two patients. METHODS: Skin from an intact nasal tip covered the alar defect. The resulting defect in the nasal tip was covered with dorsal skin from the nose. Extended mucosa or a hinged nasolabial flap was used to line the mucosal side of the reconstructed ala. RESULTS: The outcome judged by shape, and texture, was satisfactory. This technique can be employed under field block. CONCLUSION: The modified frontonasal flap is one of the ideal techniques to reconstruct an entire nasal ala.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Placental tyrosine transport and maternal phenylketonuria.

Brush border and basal plasma membrane vesicles prepared from normal human placental syncytiotrophoblast have been used to study L-tyrosine transport across placenta in an attempt to investigate the aetiology of the fetal damage found in maternal phenylketonuria. The results suggest that competition for transport with a grossly raised L-phenylalanine concentration at the basal surface of the trophoblast is responsible for the suppressed delivery of L-tyrosine to the fetus across the placenta.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1996

Physiological role of insulin-like-growth-factor-binding protein-4 in human folliculogenesis.

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-II, and their binding proteins (IGFBPs) have been demonstrated to play important roles in follicular development as intraovarian regulators. Previous studies have demonstrated that the follicular fluid of atretic follicles contains high levels of IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-4, which are known to inhibit the action of IGFs. In this study, we identified IGFBP-4 protease activity in the follicular fluid of developing but not atretic follicles. To elucidate the regulation mechanism of IGFBP-4 proteolytic activity in the ovary, cultured luteinized granulosa cells (GCs) were incubated with various hormones, and proteolyzed IGFBP-4 in the medium was analyzed. IGFBP-4 proteolytic activity was increased when GCs were incubated with IGFs, estradiol or follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) but not with testosterone. We also showed that IGFBP-4 inhibited IGF-1-induced estradiol release by GCs while proteolyzed IGFBP-4 did not. These results suggest that human luteinized GCs produce IGFBP-4 protease, and that FSH and IGFs may stimulate folliculogenesis by modulating IGFBP-4 degradation in the ovary.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1996

Isolation and characterization of restriction endonuclease in Plesiomonas shigelloides and Aeromonas species.

Five restriction endonucleases (ENases) and one ENase were found in a screen of 196 strains of Plesiomonas shigelloides and 147 strains of Aeromonas species. Plesiomonas and Aeromonas species are classified as Vibrionaceae, identified as food-poisoning bacteria, are closely genetically related to each other, and their ENases producing abilities have not bee reported. ENases were detected at relatively low frequencies in these species as compared to those in other species, such as Salmonella species and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. All Enases were shown to be isoschizomers of already known ENases. One of the Plesiomonas ENases, designated PshBI, recognizing the sequence 5'-AT/TAAT-3' should be useful, since PshBI ENase is produced at a high yield of 7000 units/g of wet cells. The specificities of other ENases are also described in this paper.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1996

[The changes of complement activities in sera of mice after subcutaneous administration of beryllium chloride].

We studied changes of the complement pathway activities and the content of C3 in sera of mice, administered BeCl2 (containing 5 micrograms of Be per mouse) or CuCl2 (containing 5 micrograms of Cu per mouse) by a single subcutaneous injection. The value of the classical complement pathway activity (CH50) of the Be group 3 days after administration was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.001). It was significantly lower than in the control group after 7 days (P < 0.001). On the other hand, the CH50 value of the Cu group 3 hr after administration tended to increase, however, it was significantly lower than in the control group after 7 days (P < 0.01). The change of the alternative complement pathway activity (ACH50) value of the Be group was similar to the change of the CH50 value of the group. The ACH50 value of the Cu group 3 days after administration tended to increase but it was the same as the ACH50 value of the control group after 7 days. The C3 contents of both the Be and Cu groups 3 days after administration were significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.001). The aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity of the Be group 7 days after administration was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01). By contrast, AST activity of the Cu group 3 hr after administration was significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). The value of the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity of the Be group was low (P < 0.01), but that of the Cu group was high (P < 0.05), 3 hr after administration. These values of both groups after 7 days, however, were significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). The AST/ALT ratio in mice was very high at 3 hr, and it remained high by 7 days after Be injection. On the other hand, the ratio of the Cu group was almost constant for 7 days after Cu injection. Thus, these values changed with relative expedition after Be injection. Therefore, we confirmed that measurements of complement activities and the content of C3 were valuable indices for assaying acute effects of Be on mice.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1996

Regulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-4 protease activity by estrogen and parathyroid hormone in SaOS-2 cells: implications for the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

The cellular mechanisms involved in the accelerated bone loss occurring in association with estrogen deprivation as seen following the menopause are not fully understood. Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is the local regulator of osteoblasts and one of its binding proteins, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4), binds to IGF-I and suppresses biological activity. Previous studies have shown that the binding activity of IGFBP-4 in the conditioned medium of parathyroid hormone (PTH)-treated SaOS-2 osteoblastic-like cells is enhanced twofold and that this PTH-enhanced IGFBP-4 binding activity is abolished by 17 beta-estradiol. Levels of IGFBP-4 in the conditioned medium have been reported to be regulated not only at the level of production but also at the level of degradation which is catalyzed by a protease that specifically cleaves IGFBP-4. We have, therefore, studied the effects of 17 beta-estradiol and PTH on IGFBP-4 protease activity using SaOS-2 cells. SaOS-2 cells produce a protease that specifically cleaves IGFBP-4 into two fragments of approximately 18 and 14 kilodaltons. IGFBP-4 protease activity in the conditioned medium from PTH-treated cells was suppressed, while this PTH-induced suppression of protease activity was reversed by the addition of 17 beta-estradiol to the cultures. IGFBP-4 proteolytic activity was stimulated by IGF-I or IGF-II added exogenously and was inhibited by EDTA or protease inhibitors. IGFBP-4 proteolyzed in the conditioned medium from cells treated with PTH and 17 beta-estradiol was less effective at inhibiting IGF-I-stimulated [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA compared with that proteolyzed in the conditioned medium from PTH-treated cells. The simplest explanation is that 17 beta-estradiol suppressed the inhibitory effect of PTH on osteoblastic activity by inhibiting the PTH-induced suppression of IGFBP-4 protease activity.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1996

[Home oxygen therapy (HOT) in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis sequelae--comparison between patients medically treated and those surgically treated].

In Japan there are about 40,000 patients under home oxygen therapy (HOT), of whom about 30 to 40% are pulmonary tuberculosis sequelae (TBS). These patients can be divided into three groups depending on the treatments they had, Group 1: those who had medical treatments only, Group 2: those who had artificial pneumothorax, and Group 3: those who had thoracoplasties or other surgical treatments. The purpose of this study was to observe the distributions and possible differences in the survival rates among these groups. The study included 1537 patients with TBS under HOT followed at National Hospitals and Sanatoriums nationwide in Japan. In 819 patients the treatments were specified and of those 354 were in Group 1, 29 in Group 2, and 436 in Group 3, so that the proportion of surgically treated patients in PTS was estimated between 28.4% (436/ 1537) to 53.2% (436/819). The ages at the onset of tuberculosis, at the start of HOT and the intervals in between were 36.6, 66.2 and 29.8 in Group 1, and 26.8, 65.5, and 38.1 in Group 3 respectively. Though the ages at the start of HOT were the same, those at the onset of tuberculosis were about ten years younger in Group 3 than in Group 1. Comparing Group 1 and 3, the survival rates after the initiation of HOT (Kaplan-Meier method) was better in Group 2 (surgically treated) than in Group 1 (medically treated). It is speculated that the reason could be a better preservation of the function of the remaining lung in the surgically treated and a higher incidence of obstructive impairments in the medically treated patients.

Adolescent↗