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Biomedical subjects

Y Koya

Publications and source records attributed to Y Koya.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Mucoid impaction].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Bronchial Diseases↗
PubMed1994

[A case of giant bulla which ruptured and disappeared on chest roentgenogram].

We experienced a case of progressive giant bulla which ruptured and disappeared on chest roentgenogram. The patient was a 60-year-old male who had been treated with home oxygen therapy for chronic pulmonary emphysema. One year after initiating home oxygen, emphysematous bulla occurred and expanded to become giant bulla which occupied 3/4 of the right hemithorax. Although we attempted to persuade him to undergo surgery for bullectomy, he refused. While being followed as an outpatient, sudden right anterior chest pain occurred, and dyspnea was markedly alleviated at the same time. Chest roentgenogram revealed right pneumothorax and pleural effusion, and the giant bulla subsequently receded. The patient has been stable for the approximately one year period since, without evidence of recurrence. It is rare for giant bullae to cause a pneumothorax. In addition, there are no previous reports in the literature with a clinical course such as that experienced by our patient.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

[A case involving coronary dissection caused after PTCA that was observed with intravascular echocardiography].

We encountered a case that was observed on coronary angiography (CAG) during coronary dissection after coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in which the dissected cavity disappeared on CAG but thrombolytic obstruction in the dissected cavity could be observed by intravascular echocardiography (IVUS). A 67-year-old woman was admitted with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction with ST elevation when experiencing chest pain. PTCR was performed for obstruction of the left circumflex artery (LCX) and the stenosis was improved to 90 percent. One month later PTCA was performed on an obstruction lesion in LCX and the feature of the dissected section at the same site was observed by CAG after PTCA. CAG showed that the dissected cavity had disappeared a year and a half later, but IVUS indicated thrombolytic obstruction in the dissected cavity.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Two cases of hypothyroidism with echocardiographic features similar to cardiomyopathy: one simulates hypertrophic and the other dilated cardiomyopathy].

Two cases of hypothyroidism with echocardiographic features similar to cardiomyopathy were presented. In case 1 (a 68 year-old woman), moderate pericardial effusion and myocardial hypertrophy were observed on admission. In case 2 (a 69 year-old woman), dilation of the left ventricle, hypokinesis of the interventricular septum and the left ventricular free wall, and reduced left ventricular systolic function were observed on admission. These echocardiographic findings were similar to hypertrophic or dilated cardiomyopathy. In the two cases, after recovery to euthyroid state, these echocardiographic abnormalities returned to normal. We concluded that hypothyroidism led to a reversible hypertrophic or dilated cardiomyopathy, and that echocardiographic study was useful for diagnosis and for following up cardiac manifestations of hypothyroidism.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[The effect of acebutolol and metoprolol on noninvasive ambulatory blood pressure monitoring system in essential hypertension].

We compared the antihypertensive effects of acebutolol and metoprolol during 2-4 weeks of treatment in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Acebutolol (n = 12) significantly decreased conventionally measured blood pressure from 173/100 mmHg to 148/86 mmHg (p less than 0.005), and metoprolol (n = 11) decreased it from 164/106 mmHg to 138/87 mmHg (p less than 0.01). Based on data derived from automated 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, both drugs significantly decreased the blood pressure in the early morning (5:00-10:00). Moreover, in the metoprolol group, there were significant falls in day-time blood pressure (7:30-19:30) and night-time blood pressure (23:00-7:00). In contrast, acebutolol showed significant antihypertensive effect on day-time blood pressure, but not effect on night-time blood pressure. The study confirmed the efficacy and character of metoprolol and acebutolol. We must choose an effective beta-blocker when using an automated 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring system to get adequate blood pressure reduction for the whole 24 hours.

Acebutolol↗
PubMed1991

[An autopsy case of adult T-cell leukemia complicated with metastatic calcification of the lung].

46-year-old male patient was born in Niigata Prefecture and thereafter lived in Tokyo. In late January 1985, he noticed swelling of the bilateral inguinal lymph-nodes followed by fever and lumbago. In February, he consulted a local doctor and hepatosplenomegaly, marked leukocytosis and renal dysfunction were pointed out and he was referred to our hospital on February 22nd. The clinical laboratory data on admission were as follows; WBC 23,200/microliter, serum-Ca 18.4 mg/dl, BUN 85.3 mg/dl, creatinine 5.4 mg/dl, antibody to ATLV x160. ATL was diagnosed by biopsy of lymph nodes and examinations of peripheral blood and bone marrow hemogram. Remission was achieved in March by the treatment with adriacin. Renal failure and hypercalcemia also improved. However his respiratory dysfunction gradually worsened. The chest radiographies++ showed pulmonary edema, although there was no clinical evidence of heart failure. When his condition became stable, TBLB was performed and revealed extensive deposition of calcium along alveolar septae, suggesting that pulmonary edema was induced by the metastatic calcification of the lung. After the second treatment for ATL, he died of pneumonia. The autopsy showed calcium deposition not only in the lung but in pyramids of the kidney and in sub-serous layer of the small intestine. There was no tumor cell invasion into the bone or parathyroid gland. High urinary c-AMP together with normal levels of PTH suggested that the hypercalcemia in this case was induced by PTH-related protein. It was concluded that careful treatment for hypercalcemia is important as regards the occurrence of pulmonary edema.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1990

[Basic study on the chemosensitivity test by miniaturized improved nucleic acid precursor incorporation assay (MINI assay)].

UNLABELLED: Miniaturized improved nucleic acid precursor incorporation assay (MINI assay) has been developed by Kern D. H. and Tanigawa N. et al since 1985. We investigated in vitro effects of mitomycin C (MMC), cisplatin (CDDP) and bleomycin (BLM) against A 549 lung cancer cells and HeLa cells by MINI assay. RESULTS: 3H-thymidine (3H-TdR) uptake in the positive control was 734.2 cpm +/- 10 cpm. The cut-off level for in vitro sensitivity was defined as more than 80% inhibition of 3H-TdR uptake in the drug treated cells compared to the positive controls. A 549 cells were sensitive to MMC (81.6%), CDDP (78.6%), but not to BLM (-57%). HeLa cells were sensitive to MMC (91%), CDDP (79.4%), but not to BLM (43%). MINI assay could be done with fewer cells than other methods and the results were obtained within 5 days. This method was considered to be useful for the chemosensitivity test with human tumors.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Anesthesia for a patient with HELLP syndrome].

A case of 30 year-old female with HELLP syndrome, who had undergone emergency caesarean section under general anesthesia, was reported. HELLP syndrome is characterized by hemolysis, liver dysfunction and thrombocytopenia, besides symptoms of severe toxemia of pregnancy. After an awake orotracheal intubation, anesthesia was maintained with nitrous oxide, oxygen and muscle relaxant. Blood pressure was controlled with intravenous administration of nitroglycerin. Though the eclampsia was recognized several times during and after the operation, the patient and her baby had no complication nor sequela on their discharge. The key in the anesthetic management of caesarean section in a patient with HELLP syndrome is to control hypertension and eclampsia, to consider the presence of liver and kidney dysfunctions, and to improve anemia and bleeding tendency.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rate of eating and body weight in patients with type 2 diabetes or hyperlipidaemia.

This preliminary investigation, involving 422 patients, tested the hypothesis that rate of eating is associated with obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes or hyperlipidaemia at all ages. The patients' eating habits were determined using a questionnaire, and the patients were classified as quick, normal or slow eaters. The body mass indices of the three groups were compared. The body mass indices of the male patients who ate quickly (25.4 +/- 0.2 kg/m2) were significantly higher than those of the patients who ate at a normal rate (24.4 +/- 0.3 kg/m2) or slowly (24.1 +/- 0.5 kg/m2). No difference between body mass indices in the female groups was found. It was speculated that rate of eating affects body weight in male patients with type 2 diabetes or hyperlipidaemia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Moderate dose-intensive chemotherapy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer: randomized trial, can it improve survival of patients with good performance status?

Advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has proven to be remarkably resistant to standard chemotherapy regimens. One potential alternative approach is the use of dose-intensive chemotherapy with supportive therapy such as granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). We conducted a randomized study of dose-intensive cisplatin/vindesine/mitomycin C chemotherapy (DI-PVM) and standard cisplatin/vindesine/mitomycin C chemotherapy (PVM). A total of one hundred patients with III-IV NSCLC was randomized. The DI-PVM consisted of 3 cycles of cisplatin: 80 mg/m2 (day 1), vindesine: 3 mg/m2 (days 1 and 8) and mitomycin C: 8 mg/m2 (day 1) in 3-week intervals with concurrent G-CSF. The PVM consisted of 2 cycles of the same chemotherapy in 4-week intervals. Blood cell counts were checked twice a week, and G-CSF (2 microgram/kg, SC) was administered when the count was </=2000/microliter. Eligibility criteria for this study were: no previous therapy, no active concomitant malignancy, ECOG PS </=1, age </=75 and adequate hematologic functions. The response rate for DI-PVM (26/50, 52%) was not significantly higher than that for PVM (22/50, 44%, chi2; p=0.423). However, progression-free survival for patients on DI-PVM was significantly longer than that of patients on PVM (23.7 versus 13.9 weeks, log-rank and generalized Wilcoxon test; p=0.006), as was overall median survival (57.0 versus 37.7 weeks, generalized Wilcoxon test; p=0.036). In addition, the difference in survival of patients with metastatic disease was significant (DI-PVM versus PVM; 48.9 weeks versus 23.9; p=0.032). Multivariate analysis showed that only ECOG PS was an independent prognostic variable in predicting response and survival on DI-PVM regimen. Hematological and non-hematological toxicities were equally frequent. The DI-PVM archived a longer survival than the PVM. The DI-PVM regimen should be considered a standard regimen for patients with metastatic NSCLC.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dose-intensive weekly alternating chemotherapy for patients with small cell lung cancer: randomized trial, can it improve survival of patients with good prognostic factors?

We conducted a randomized trial of dose-intensive weekly alternating chemotherapy (CAV/PE-W) and standard alternating chemotherapy (CAV/PE) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients with good prognostic factors. A total of 76 patients with SCLC was randomized. The CAV/PE-W consisted of 4 alternating cycles of cyclophosphamide: 500 mg/m2, doxorubicin: 30 mg/m2, and vincristine: 1 mg/m2 (day 1) and cisplatin: 50 mg/m2 (day 8) and etoposide: 75 mg/m2 (days 8 and 9). The CAV/PE consisted of 2 alternating cycles of cyclophosphamide: 800 mg/m2, doxorubicin: 50 mg/m2, and vincristine: 1.4 mg/m2 (day 1), cisplatin: 100 mg/m2 (day 22) and etoposide: 100 mg/m2 (days 22, 23 and 24). Eligibility criteria were no prior therapy, no active concomitant malignancy, ECOG PS of 0 or 1, age < or =75, adequate hematologic functions and no brain metastasis. The complete response (CR) rate for CAV/PE-W (14/38, 36.8%) was significantly higher than that for CAV/PE (6/38, 15.8%, chi2; p=0. 032). However, the response rate in patients on CAV/PE-W (36/38, 94. 7%) was not significantly higher than the rate for CAV/PE (31/38, 81. 6%, chi2; p=0.076). Progression-free survival for patients on CAV/PE-W was significantly longer than that of patients on CAV/PE (41.4 weeks vs. 21.3 weeks, log-rank; p=0.0007, generalized Wilcoxon; p=0.0034) as was overall median survival (67.0 weeks vs. 51.2 weeks, log-rank; p=0.028). Actual dose-intensity of CAV/PE-W was 1.74 times that of CAV/PE. Hematological toxicities were equally frequent and G-CSF contributes to treatment efficacy by allowing administration of dose-intensive chemotherapy. The CAV/PE-W achieved a higher CR rate and longer survival, than the CAV/PE.

Adult↗