Attractors of dissipative structure in three dissipative fluids.
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Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Kondoh
Publications and source records attributed to Y Kondoh.
Histologic type and gastric acid secretion in gastric cancer.
We investigated gastric acid secretion in 638 gastric cancer patients with respect to the association between aging and histologic types. In intestinal type tumors in which invasion is restricted to the mucosa, and in diffuse type tumors where the tumor invaded the serosa there was a significantly negative correlation between acid secretion and age. However, no relationship was found between gastric acid output and age in signet ring cell carcinoma. On the other hand, a significantly negative correlation between acid secretion and age was shown in male patients with well differentiated type and in females with signet ring cell carcinoma. In conclusion, low acid secretion related to aging may play an important role in developing cancer cells in intestinal type tumors especially in the male elderly, and in diffuse type tumors in the female elderly, respectively.
Adult↗
[A case of interstitial pneumonia antedating rheumatoid arthritis--differentiation from idiopathic BOOP].
A 49-year-old female presented with productive cough, fever and chest pain, and was admitted to Nagoya University Hospital. Her chest X-rays, taken previously and on admission, showed infiltrative shadows in both upper lung fields and left-sided pleural effusion. Rheumatoid factors were positive in serum and the pleural effusion. Antibiotics were ineffective. Transbronchial lung biopsy revealed intraalveolar fibrosis as well as interstitial inflammation. Idiopathic BOOP was suspected on the basis of clinical findings together with the histological features. However, open lung biopsy revealed lymphoid hyperplasia with germinal center formation. The patient was diagnosed as having lung involvement antedating rheumatoid arthritis, despite the absence of joint symptoms at present.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
L-[2-18F]fluorophenylalanine and L-[U-14C]phenylalanine: a comparative study of their transport to rat brain.
The transport rates of L-[2-18F]fluorophenylalanine ([18F]Phe) and L-[U-14C]phenylalanine ([14C]Phe) across the blood-brain barrier were compared in saline, large neutral amino acids (NAA) and large basic amino acids (BAA) loaded rats. The fraction of transported tracer (FTT) was expressed as the ratio of brain radioactivity to integrated plasma radioactivity at 5 min after injection of the tracers. Cerebral FTTs of [18F]Phe and [14C]Phe in the control group were 0.042 and 0.045, respectively, and decreased to 0.016 and 0.019 in the NAA loaded group. The ratios of FTT of [18F]Phe and that of [14C]Phe were approx. 0.90, and did not differ among the three groups. These results indicate that the transport of [18F]Phe from the blood to the brain can be considered to be mediated by the NAA transport system and that its transport rate is almost the same as that of [14C]Phe.
Amino Acids↗
Effects of fasudil hydrochloride on cerebral blood flow in patients with chronic cerebral infarction.
To evaluate the effect of the novel intracellular calcium antagonist fasudil hydrochloride, cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured quantitatively with positron emission tomography following the intravenous administration of fasudil in five patients with chronic cerebral infarction. The hemispheric mean CBF increased significantly on both hemispheres 30, 60, and 90 min after the administration of fasudil when the CBF values were corrected according to PaCO2 level, although there was no significant change in raw CBF data. A significant increase of CBF was seen in the cerebellar hemisphere and thalamus at 30 min and in the occipital cortex at 90 min. There was no significant fall in the systemic blood pressure after the administration of fasudil.
1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine↗
Eigenfunction for dissipative dynamic operators and the attractor of the dissipative structure.
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Journal Article↗
Acute exacerbation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Analysis of clinical and pathologic findings in three cases.
We treated three patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis who had an acute clinical exacerbation. We analyzed their clinical, radiographic, therapeutic, and pathologic findings. Their initial symptoms were influenza-like illness or cough with fever, and all had leukocytosis and elevation of C-reactive protein. Infectious events were ruled out by extensive bacteriologic and serologic examination. The patients' lung injury scores progressed rapidly to severe lung injury compatible with adult respiratory distress syndrome. Findings from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid showed marked neutrophilia and elevation of albumin concentrations. All patients showed various degrees of improvement following corticosteroid therapy. Histologic findings from open lung biopsy specimens showed both usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and organizing acute lung injury pattern. Whether these two forms of interstitial pneumonia (UIP and acute lung injury pattern) are variants of one disease or are unrelated and also the effectiveness of corticosteroid therapy on such conditions remain to be determined by further studies.
Acute Disease↗
[A case of gastric cancer with multiple liver metastasis treated with low dose CDDP therapy on an outpatient basis after palliative gastrectomy].
A 59-year-old-male with advanced gastric cancer and multiple liver metastasis was treated by intravenous administration of MMC (30 mg/body) and oral administration of HCFU (400mg/body/day) initially after palliative gastrectomy. CT scan revealed that liver metastatic lesions were undetectable at three months after operation. Seven months later, administration of HCFU was discontinued because liver metastatic lesions were observed again. Intravenous administration of MMC (10mg/body)+ACR (20mg/body) was performed four times weekly, but liver metastatic lesions were increasing in size. From 15 months after operation intravenous administration of CDDP (25mg/body/week) was started on an outpatient basis. After administration of CDDP 6 times, liver metastatic lesions were diminished in size. By CT scan the maximum percent reduction of liver metastatic lesions was 97% and duration of partial response was seven months. Eight months later, liver metastatic lesions regrew. At 28 months after operation, the patient died of liver metastatic lesions. This low dose regimen of CDDP on an outpatient basis is potentially useful in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer with multiple liver metastasis.
Ambulatory Care↗
Response dynamics and directional properties of nonspiking local interneurons in the cockroach cercal system.
The response properties and directional receptive fields of nonspiking local interneurons in the cercal system of the cockroach are described. Wind-evoked responses were recorded intracellularly, and then analyzed by means of the Wiener kernel method in which a Gaussian white noise signal was used as a stimulus. Cross-correlation between the response and the white noise signal produced first- (linear) and second-order (nonlinear) kernels that were used to define input-output characteristics of the interneurons. Three sets of interneurons were distinguished on the basis of kernel analysis. First, responses in interneurons 101, 107, 111, and 203 were characterized predominantly by a differentiating first-order kernel, which suggests a linear relationship to the stimulus. The amplitude and waveform of the kernel changed with the change in stimulus angle, indicating that these four cells are directionally sensitive. Second, responses in interneurons 102 and 103 were also directionally sensitive but highly nonlinear. The first-order kernel was biphasic, whereas the second-order kernel had an elongated depolarizing peak on the diagonal. The response dynamics were accounted for by a cascade of two filters, a linear band-pass filter and a static nonlinear filter, in which the nonlinearity is a signal compression (or a rectification). Third, responses in interneurons 104 and 201 consist largely of the second-order nonlinear component. The second-order kernel, which had an elongated depolarizing peak or a hyperpolarizing valley on the diagonal, did not show any directional preference. The second-order nonlinearity was dynamic, and could be modeled by a band-pass linear filter-static nonlinearity-low-pass linear filter cascade, where the static nonlinearity is a full-wave rectification. The band-pass filter would simply reflect the mechanical property of cercal hair sensilla, whereas the low-pass filter represents the transfer at synapses between the cercal afferents and the interneurons. The nonlinear response thus explains the difference in the directional sensitivity while the differentiating first-order kernel explains the velocity sensitivity of the interneurons. We show that 101 and 107 respond most preferentially to wind from the left versus right, whereas 102, 103, 111, and 203 respond to wind from the front versus rear. Thus, it is suggested that there are two subsystems responding maximally to wind displacement along two coordinate directions, one for the longitudinal direction and the other for the transverse direction. On the other hand, the full-wave-rectifier nonlinear interneurons are omnidirectional, and thus suggested to code simply the power of the wind displacement.
Abdomen↗
D-lactate concentrations in blood, urine and sweat before and after exercise.
The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the concentrations of D-lactate, L-lactate, pyruvate and methylglyoxal (MG) in body fluids after exercise. Eight untrained male students and five male students who were boat club members engaged in the exercise. Each subject performed runs of short and long duration. Compared to pre-exercise values plasma concentrations of D-lactate, L-lactate and pyruvate increased after running; in trained men by 3.6, 5.0, 3.4 times after short runs and by 1.5, 4.6, 2.0 times after long runs, and in untrained men by 3.0, 12.0, 1.6 times after short runs and 2.5, 5.6, 1.6 times after long runs, respectively. In all cases, the increase of L-lactate was always higher than that of D-lactate after running. The MG contents in red blood cells decreased markedly after running, especially in the untrained students. After short runs the MG concentration had decreased to 13% in the untrained men and 30% in the trained men, and after long runs the concentration had decreased to 41% in the untrained and 60% in the trained men. The MG in plasma and red blood cells appeared to have been utilized during relatively anaerobic exercise, especially by the untrained subjects. The D-lactate and related substances were also determined in urine, but the concentration of these substances showed no relationship to exercise. The D-lactate concentration in sweat samples tripled after short periods of running but the relative concentration to sodium ion concentration was not altered.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
Glycosidically bound sialic acid levels as a predictive marker of postoperative adjuvant therapy in gastric cancer.
A group of 293 gastric cancer patients were examined to see if the preoperative value of glycosidically bound sialic acid is a predictor of prognosis and effectiveness of postoperative adjuvant therapy. All patients had gastrectomies and were histologically confirmed to have primary adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Some patients then received either postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy or immunochemotherapy. Patients with sialic acid levels less than 74.5 mg/dl survived significantly longer than those with sialic acid levels of 74.5 mg/dl or of 85.3 mg/dl and over. No significant differences in survival were found among patients treated by gastrectomy alone, gastrectomy plus chemotherapy and gastrectomy plus immunochemotherapy. However, patients with abnormally elevated levels of sialic acid survived significantly longer when they were treated with immunochemotherapy after gastrectomy than those treated by gastrectomy alone or with chemotherapy after gastrectomy. By using Cox's multivariate regression model, pTNM stages, postoperative adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy and immunochemotherapy) and preoperative serum levels of sialic acid were examined as prognostic variables. Postoperative therapy was a significant prognostic variable in patients with abnormally elevated levels of sialic acid. The preoperative serum level of sialic acid is a promising predictive marker of the response to postoperative adjuvant immunochemotherapy.
Adult↗
Successful arterial embolization of arteriovenous fistula in the portal circulation.
We successfully performed arterial embolization of an arteriovenous fistula between the left gastric artery and vein. The increased blood flow in the portal vein via the left gastric vein and the arteriovenous fistula induced severe portal hypertension. After obliteration of the left gastric artery, the arteriovenous fistula was not opacified on angiography and the portal hypertension improved.
Arteriovenous Fistula↗
Concentrations of D-lactate and its related metabolic intermediates in liver, blood, and muscle of diabetic and starved rats.
This is a report investigating the methylglyoxal (MG) bypass in animals, by which D-lactate is produced from triosephosphate via MG. Rats were made diabetic using streptozotocin or starved for 72 h. D-Lactate and various metabolites related to it, such as L-lactate, pyruvate, methylglyoxal, glucose, and inorganic phosphate, were measured in the blood plasma, liver, and skeletal muscle of the rats. Diabetic and starved rats had significantly higher levels of D-lactate in plasma, liver, and skeletal muscle compared with the control group. In contrast, pyruvate levels in plasma, liver, and skeletal muscle was markedly lower than normal in diabetic and starved rats. L-Lactate level lowered markedly in plasma, liver, and skeletal muscle of starved rats and elevated in liver of diabetic rats. Differences between plasma L-lactate level for diabetes and control were not significant. MG level was significantly elevated in plasma and depressed in livers and muscles of starved rats as well as livers of diabetic rats. Hepatic glycerol content was markedly increased in those states. Enzyme activities related to D- and L-lactate, such as pyruvate kinase, phosphofructokinase, aldolase, and glyoxalase I, were measured in the livers of these rats. Pyruvate kinase activity decreased in these states, but other enzyme activities showed no significant changes. D-Lactate was much more excreted than L-lactate in the urine of diabetic and fasted rats compared with normal rats.
Animals↗
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (lymphoma type) with remarkable gastric lesions: a case report.
We report a case of a 53-year-old woman with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) (lymphoma type) with multiple gastric lesions, admitted to our hospital because of systemic lymphadenopathy and epigastralgia. Gastroscopy showed a variety of gastric lesions including thickened folds, ulcerations and polypoid lesions. Biopsy specimens obtained from the stomach and lymph nodes revealed diffuse infiltration of pleomorphic mononuclear cells and the integration of HTLV-1 proviral DNA. We demonstrated through the investigation of 30 previously reported cases of ATL that this is a rare case of the lymphoma type of ATL presenting remarkable gastric lesions.
Blotting, Southern↗
A convenient method for regional monoamine oxidase-A determination by [14C]clorgyline autoradiography.
The availability of clorgyline for regional monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) determination was examined using [14C]clorgyline in rat. [14C]Clorgyline was synthesized by the methylation reaction of N-desmethyl-clorgyline and [14C]methyliodide in dimethylformamide with high radiochemical yield. The MAO-A distribution map by autoradiography correlated with that by histochemical technique and its quantity was consistent with the calculated MAO-A amount based on previous reports. The combination of labeled clorgyline and autoradiographic technique will promise the quantitative measurement of regional MAO-A distribution.
Animals↗
Age-related decline of cerebral oxygen metabolism in normal population detected with positron emission tomography.
Using positron emission tomography (PET), cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) were measured in 32 healthy volunteers aged from 27 to 67 years. In bilateral putamen, left supratemporal, left infrafrontal and left parietal cortices, CMRO2 showed a significant decline during aging. The age-related decline of CBF was seen only at the left superior temporal cortex. The mean CMRO2 was significantly lower in the elder group (over 51 years old) than in the younger group (under 50 years old), whereas no significant difference in mean CBF between the two groups. The poor correlation of CBF to the age could be explained partly by the fact that CBF is easily influenced by the physiological, psychological and/or environmental factors. The age-related changes of CMRO2 were more marked in the association cortices of the left hemisphere than in that of the right hemisphere.
Adult↗
Platelet-activating factor in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome.
1. To clarify the role of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in the development of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), we performed bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in 19 patients with ARDS and examined cell populations, albumin concentrations and PAF levels. PAF levels were measured by a newly developed radioimmunoassay. 2. In the BAL fluid of ARDS patients, neutrophil percentages and albumin concentrations markedly increased compared with control subjects. 3. PAF was detected in 14 of 19 patients with ARDS, whereas it did not exist in the control subjects. 4. Furthermore, we investigated the priming effect of recombinant human tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), which is known to be one of the most important mediators in the development of ARDS, on PAF production induced by the calcium ionophore in neutrophils. 5. Pre-incubation with TNF alpha dose-dependently increased both extracellular and intracellular PAF production in neutrophils. 6. These results suggest that PAF might play an important role in the development of ARDS.
Adolescent↗
7S collagen in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome.
To evaluate the disruption of the basement membrane in the pathogenesis of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), we measured the level of 7S collagen in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of patients with ARDS and normal control subjects by using a radioimmunoassay method. Twelve of 14 patients with ARDS had evidence of 7S collagen in the BAL fluid, but no 7S collagen was detected in the BAL fluid of the controls. The mean 7S collagen concentration of the BAL fluid in patients with ARDS was 19.6 +/- 9.4 ng/ml. In patients with ARDS, the BAL levels of 7S collagen correlated strongly with neutrophil counts (r = 0.813; p less than 0.01) and with elastase-complex (r = 0.914; p less than 0.01). We conclude that 7S collagen may be an index of leukocyte-mediated lung injury in patients with ARDS, and detection of 7S collagen in BAL fluid is useful for evaluating the disruption of basement membrane.
Adult↗