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Biomedical subjects

Y Kondo

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kondo.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Carnitine status and blood ammonium levels in low birth weight infants.

Forty-three low birth weight infants appropriate for gestational age (AGA) were monitored to evaluate carnitine status in relation to blood ammonium levels. The infants were grouped into three depending on blood ammonium level on postnatal day 7: 62.9 +/- 3.8 mumol/L in group 1 (N = 13), 38.9 +/- 8.4 mumol/L in group 2 (N = 23), and 24.5 +/- 2.9 mumol/L in group 3 (N = 9). Plasma free carnitine levels decreased in all three groups (p less than 0.001) and plasma short chain acylcarnitine increased only in group 1 (p less than 0.002), compared to findings in normal infants. The blood ammonium level positively and negatively correlated to plasma short chain acylcarnitine (p less than 0.002) and plasma free carnitine levels (p less than 0.002), respectively. The reabsorption rate of free carnitine in renal tubules (RRFC) was decreased at rates of 37.5, 27.5, and 25% of infants in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The acylcarnitine/free carnitine clearance ratio (RAFCC) was decreased in groups 1 (p less than 0.01) and 2 (p less than 0.05) compared with group 3. Thus, an accumulation of short chain acyl moieties and insufficiency in renal absorption of free carnitine are putative causes of lowered plasma free carnitine in infants with higher blood levels of ammonium. The possibility that the carnitine status regulates blood ammonium levels in low birth weight infants warrants continued investigation.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1990

Hepatocellular carcinoma presenting well differentiated, normotrabecular patterns in peripheral or metastatic loci. Analysis of 103 resected cases.

In a series of 103 surgically resected hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), the tumor boundaries were rather clearly defined in 85 cases (82.5%). Twelve tumors had an ill-defined margin because adjacent pseudolobules were replaced by HCC with a well differentiated growth pattern (group A1). This peripheral pattern was unrelated to the predominant histologic type of the major tumor nodules. Despite its close resemblance to normal hepatic parenchyma, we were able to determine the area of the normotrabecular HCC on the basis of, differences in stain-ability, variable nuclear crowding and frequent microacinar formation. Moreover, scattered occurrence of nuclear atypia and midtrabecular conversion were also observed within the normotrabecular HCC. In an additional 6 cases, a band-like zone of normotrabecular HCC was evident peripherally around the primary lesion (group A2). Fourteen other cases (13.6%) had intrahepatic metastatic lesions formed either within the portal vein or in pseudolobules. Of these, 5 cases showed intrapseudolobular metastases with a normotrabecular pattern (group B). For precise evaluation of surgical HCC specimens, it seems to be particularly important to realize that HCCs sometimes have a highly differentiated appearance in a locus of peripheral invasion as well as intrahepatic metastasis.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1990

Suppression of tumor cell growth and mitogen response by aporphine alkaloids, dicentrine, glaucine, corydine, and apomorphine.

The aporphine alkaloids, dicentrine, glaucine, corydine, and apomorphine were shown to have inhibitory activity against several mouse tumor cell lines, leukemia P388 and L1210, melanoma B16, bladder cancer MBC2, and colon cancer Colon 26 in culture. These aporphine alkaloids also inhibited the mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation as well as the growth of IL-2 dependent CTLL2 line in a dose-dependent way. Of the four alkaloids apomorphine proved to be most potent in the inhibitory action. Apomorphine treatment resulted in some prolongation of survival time of the mice inoculated i.p. with P388, although its activity was not enough to meet the standard criterion for antitumor activity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Inhibitory effect of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids on the quick death of mice treated with BCG/LPS.

Three bisbenzylisoqinoline alkaloids, chondocurine (Chon), berbamine (Ber), and cycleanine (Cyc) were tested for their protective effect on the quick death of mice primed with bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) and elicited with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Seven-consecutive treatments with Chon or Cyc at a dose of 10 mg/kg following BCG priming resulted in significant improvement in the survival rate. A single dose of Chon also protected the BCG/LPS-treated mice from death if it was given immediately after, not 4 h after, LPS elicitation. These data show that bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids can protect mice from the lethal toxicity induced by the BCG/LPS combination treatment by inhibiting the priming with BCG or the elicitation with LPS.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1990

Regulation of LH beta subunit mRNA in immature female rats during GnRH agonist treatment.

In order to determine the changes in the expression of LH beta messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) during GnRH agonist (GnRHa) treatment (0.94 mg/28 days), the concentration of the mRNA of LH beta was assessed together with the serum LH concentration, pituitary LH content and LH response to GnRH at various times during long-acting GnRHa treatment in immature female rats. The serum LH concentration was increased at hour 1, gradually decreased starting at approximately hour 3 and had returned to the control level on day 28. Pituitary LH began to decrease at hour 3. The concentrations of LH beta mRNA were not significantly different from those in the control group from hour 1 to hour 18, but were lower from day 3 to day 28. Serum LH response to native GnRH (1 micrograms) began to be inhibited on day 7. These results indicate that the short term treatment with GnRHa stimulates the release of preformed LH rather than synthesis of LH beta mRNA and that the long term treatment inhibited the expression of LH beta mRNA in a time dependent manner.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Histamine release from human leukocytes by human recombinant interleukin-3].

Human recombinant interleukin-3 (hrIL-3) released histamine from human leukocytes in vitro. The histamine release by hrIL-3 significantly correlated with those by anti-IgE, thrombin, and f-met. peptide, but not by A23187. Histamine release by hrIL-3 was a Ca2(+)-dependent reaction, as was that by anti-IgE, although the time course of histamine release by hrIL-3 was slower than that by anti-IgE. Pre-treatment of leukocytes with hrIL-3 decreased the histamine release by hrIL-3 itself, but enhanced the histamine releases by anti-IgE, f-met. peptide, thrombin and A23187. These results suggested that the mechanism of hrIL-3-induced histamine release was different from those of anti-IgE, f-met. peptide, thrombin, and A23187. There was no significant difference between hrIL-3-induced histamine release of leukocytes from asthmatics and healthy controls.

Asthma↗
PubMed1990

[Inhibitory action amlexanox on interleukin-3-induced enhancement of histamine releasability of human leukocytes].

Amlexanox, an anti-allergic drug, showed a concentration-dependent inhibition against hrIL-3-induced enhancement of in vitro histamine release from human leukocytes by anti-IgE. The significant inhibitory action of amlexanox was observed in one out of nine and six out of nine allergic subjects at concentrations of 10(-5) M and 10(-4) M, respectively. This means that the inhibitory effect of amlexanox varied from patient to patient. Post-treatment as well as simultaneous treatment with amlexanox produced an inhibitory action on the enhancing effect of hrIL-3, suggesting that hrIL-3-induced enhancement of releasability is a reversible reaction. AA-861, OKY-046, superoxide dismutase and prostaglandin E2 showed no effects on the hrIL-3-induced enhancement of histamine releasability. The inhibitory action of amlexamox to the hrIL-3-induced enhancement of histamine releasability may be a new anti-allergic mechanism, details of which remains unclear.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinicopathological significance of intrahepatic micrometastases in hepatic metastatic carcinomas].

The micrometastases confirmed only by microscopic examination were investigated in resected liver specimen of hepatic metastatic carcinomas. Twenty three hepatic metastases from gastrointestinal carcinomas were subjected. The micrometastases defined as histologically discontinuous from macroscopic metastatic nodules and less than 1mm in diameter, were found in 8 cases (34.8%). These were 0.2 to 1.0mm (0.52 +/- 0.35, mean +/- SD) in diameter, 1 to 19 (4.1 +/- 6.0) in number and were 2.0 to 29.0 mm distant from the macroscopic metastatic nodules. Histological localization of these metastases were in portal vein in most of cases and rarely in sinusoidal space and hepatic vein. These results suggest that the surgical margin in hepatectomy for hepatic metastases is required more than 3 cm from the tumor and therefore wedge resection is not suitable for the choice of the operative procedure for hepatic metastases because of unsatisfactory surgical margin.

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[Two cases of rheumatoid arthritis complicated with vasculitis-induced ischemic enterocolitis].

Episodes of catastrophic entero-colitis associated with mesenteric vascular insufficiency in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA) have rarely been recorded thus far. We herein report two cases of RA complicated with severe attacks of entero-colitis presumably due to mesenteric vasculitis. Surgical intervention was necessary in the first case, while the second patient recovered well only through conservative therapy. Case 1: A 74-year-old man with history of RA since 1985 started to complain of abdominal discomfort and nausea early in February, 1989. On February 12, Episodes of tarry stool developed. Rapid down-hill clinical course prompted laparotomy under the clinical diagnosis of peritonitis. Ischemic changes were observed at the ileum end, the entire length of which was 120 cm orally from the cecum. The site was resected. Multiple linear and aphthoid ulcer lesions were discovered throughout the entire lumen. Histopathologically, evidence of necrotizing vasculitis such as fibrinoid necrosis and mural thrombi was demonstrated in small arteries of the submucosal layer underlying the ulcer lesion. Case 2: A 63-year-old woman who had been suffering from RA since 1980 noticed the onset of nausea, abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea in July, 1989. Colonoscopy examination revealed multiple linear and aphthoid ulcers in the sigmoid colon which was presumed to be due to ischemia. Laboratory evaluation at that time demonstrated hypocomplementemia, positive circulating immune complex and high titer of anti-DNA antibody. Corticosteroid therapy with moderate dose was successful in alleviation of all the abnormal findings and the patient fully recovered three months after her initial GI episode.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[On-line angle correction of color flow mapping images using a personal computer].

To quantitatively assess flow area or kinetic energy in color flow mapping (CFM), angle correction, which has been totally ignored using current systems, is now considered indispensable. To reconstruct flow images using angle-corrected velocity mapping, we incorporated a personal computer (NEC PC-LT) in the cine-memory of a CFM system (Aloka SSD-870). To demonstrate the effect of angle correction on CFM, the maximum left ventricular diastolic flow images were obtained in seven normal adults using the apical long-axis views where the angle of incidence was less than 10 degrees, and the parasternal long-axis view, where the angle of incidence was between 40 and 60 degrees. A 3.5 MHz probe with a 4 KHz pulse repetition frequency at a frame rate of 10/sec was used. Flow area and kinetic energy of the original and angle correction images in the aliased parts and the total flow areas were calculated and expressed as percent values of the control (color correction image of total flow area in the apical view). The total flow area of the original image in the apical view was 96.4% and 87.2% in the parasternal view, or 98.6% by effective angle correction, and the kinetic energy of the original image in the apical view was 94.0% and 58.8% in the parasternal view, or 93.3% by angle correction. In conclusion, although flow area and kinetic energy of the original image in the parasternal view were significantly less than those of the original and the angle correction images in the apical view (p less than 0.05), they could effectively be evaluated by angle correction. Thus, this system can contribute to quantitative assessment of CFM.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Blood flow analysis in the left coronary artery in a patient with annulo-aortic-ectasia before and after Bentall's operation].

It has not been established that Bentall's operation induces beneficial effect on a coronary circulation in a patient with Annulo-Aortic-Ectasia. Availability of a small subselective coronary Doppler catheter makes it possible to study the effects of the operation on coronary circulation. In a 49 year old man with Annulo-Aortic-Ectasia, phasic coronary flow velocity in the left main truncus was measured using a 3F steerable Doppler catheter (DC-101, Millar Inc.) pre- and postoperatively with assessment of vasodilator reserve capacity of individual coronary arteries. After the operation, the velocity wave form in the LMT changed to a diastolic-predominant normal pattern with a relatively small systolic component. That is, Bentall's operation caused a marked reduction of systolic- to diastolic flow component ratio from 0.32 to 0.19. The postoperative coronary flow configuration in the LMT was characterized by the presence of predominant diastolic spike. It coincided with "Water hammer wave" in the aortic pressure tracings caused by sudden closing of mechanical valve leaflets. Preoperative intracoronary papaverine increased the ratio of peak to resting velocity (coronary flow reserve) to 2.0 times at the rest, and 3.0 times after the operation. These results suggest that Bentall's operation seems to induce beneficial effect on the myocardial coronary circulation.

Aortic Aneurysm↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical studies on cefteram pivoxil in the treatment of respiratory infections].

Cefteram pivoxil (CFTM-PI), a new ester type cephem antibiotic, was administered at a daily dose of 600 mg to 81 patients with respiratory infections. They included 4 cases of laryngopharyngitis, 5 cases of tonsillitis, 26 cases of acute bronchitis, 13 cases of pneumonia, 10 cases of chronic bronchitis, 1 case of diffuse panbronchiolitis, 14 cases of infected bronchiectasis and 8 cases of infected other chronic respiratory diseases. Clinical effects were excellent in 18 cases, good in 50 cases, fair in 7 cases, and poor in 6 cases, thus, the efficacy rate was 84.0%. Nausea was observed in 2 cases, and diarrhea, vertigo, or fever was observed in 1 case each. The elevation of GOT and GPT values were found in 4 cases and a slight elevation of total bilirubin value was found in 1 case. These adverse reactions, however, were slight in their grades. CFTM-PI appears to be a useful oral cephem antibiotic in the treatment of respiratory infections.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[Allergic individuals to Japanese cedar or orchard grass consist of two subgroups based on the sensitization to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus].

One hundred and twenty-six allergic subjects were divided into three groups based on the RAST results for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (D.p) and Japanese cedar (J.C.). We compared sex, age of examination for RAST, serum IgE, family history of allergic diseases, prevalence rate of bronchial asthma (BA) and allergic rhinitis (AR), and onset of AR among three groups. No significant difference in the other variables except serum IgE and prevalence rate of BA was found between the group with D.p-positive and J.C.-positive RAST and the group with D.p-positive and J.C.-negative RAST. The group with positive RAST for D.p and J.C. showed lower age of the examination, higher serum IgE, higher incidence of allergic family history, higher prevalence rate of BA, and lower onset age of AR than the group with negative RAST for D.p and positive RAST for J.C. We suggested that in J.C. RAST-positive group there might be two different subgroups distinguished by RAST result for D.p Similar results were obtained from the assessment of RAST for Orchard grass instead of J.C.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[N-isopropyl I-123 p-iodoamphetamine single photon emission computed tomography of herpes simplex encephalitis].

Two patients with herpes simplex encephalitis were studied with N-Isopropyl I-123 p-Iodoamphetamine (IMP) single photon emission computed tomography (IMP-SPECT) and X-ray computed tomography (CT). In both cases the affected temporal lobes showed an increased IMP uptake. In case 1, the initial increased IMP uptake decreased as symptoms and CT findings improved. In case 2, the increased IMP uptake was shown at the time of symptoms progressed, while CT had no abnormal findings. IMP uptake is sensitive for its demonstration of inflammatory processes of herpes simplex encephalitis.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Paraneoplastic syndrome of hypercalcemia and leukocytosis caused by squamous carcinoma cells (T3M-1) producing parathyroid hormone-related protein, interleukin 1 alpha, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.

Previously we reported that a clonal squamous cell carcinoma cell line (T3M-1) derived from a lower jaw cancer of a patient with marked leukocytosis and hypercalcemia produced factors containing a potent bone-resorbing activity (BRA) (Mr 15,000-20,000) and a colony-stimulating activity. To elucidate the pathogenesis of this humoral hypercalcemia, BRA and colony-stimulating activity in both the conditioned medium and cells were characterized. The conditioned medium, when eluted at neutral pH, contained colony-stimulating activity and thymocyte proliferation-stimulating activity, the latter of which comigrated with BRA. Upon elution with acetic acid (pH 2.0), the conditioned medium contained no interleukin 1-like activity but potent parathyroid hormone-like activity, which comigrated with BRA. Northern blot hydridization analysis revealed that T3M-1 cells produced constitutively mRNA for parathyroid hormone-related protein and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Furthermore, primer extension analysis revealed that the cells also produced mRNA for interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha). Since parathyroid hormone-related protein and IL-1 alpha (osteoclast-activating factor) synergistically increase the concentration of serum calcium, and since IL-1 alpha (hemopoietin 1) potentiates granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-induced granulocytopoiesis, we speculate that parathyroid hormone-related protein, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and IL-1 alpha are synergistically involved in a paraneoplastic syndrome of hypercalcemia and leukocytosis, at least in some patients with solid tumors.

Animals↗