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Biomedical subjects

Y Kondo

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kondo.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Binding study of metal ions to S100 protein: 43Ca, 25Mg, 67Zn and 39K n.m.r.

The interactions of the S100 protein (S100) with metal cations such as Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+ and K+ were studied by the metal n.m.r. spectroscopy. The line widths of 43Ca, 25Mg, 67Zn and 39K n.m.r. markedly increased by adding all S100s. A broad 43Ca n.m.r. band of Ca(2+)-S100a solution was not affected by Zn2+ and K+, while it was greatly decreased by adding Mg2+. The 43Ca n.m.r. spectra of Ca(2+)-S100a0 and -S100b solutions consisted of two slow-exchangeable signals which corresponded to Ca2+ bound to two environmentally different sites of the S100a0. These two 43Ca n.m.r. signals were not affected by Zn2+ and K+. The line width of broad 25Mg n.m.r. band of the Mg(2+)-S100 solution greatly decreased by adding Ca2+, while it did not change by adding Zn2+ and K+. Further, the addition of Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+ did not affect the line width of the 67Zn n.m.r. of the Zn(2+)-S100 solutions. These findings suggest that: (1) Mg2+ binds to all S100s, and at least one of the Mg2+ binding sites of S100 molecule is the same as the Ca2+ binding site; (2) Zn2+ binds to S100s, although the binding site(s) is/are different from Ca(2+)- or Mg(2+)-binding site(s), and the environment of Zn2+ nuclei will not change even though Ca2+ binds to S100s.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Heparan sulfate as a mediator of herpes simplex virus binding to basement membrane.

Explants of human lip and oral mucosa were infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV) in vitro and the expression of viral antigen was investigated by immunofluorescent antibody staining. Viral antigen was demonstrated in the cells of basal cell layer and lower prickle cell layers. Moreover, an accumulation of viral antigen in the epithelial-mesenchymal junction was observed. To examine the possibility that the basement membrane has an affinity for HSV, the interaction between HSV and major basement membrane components including type IV collagen, laminin, fibronectin, and heparan sulfate was investigated. When tested by a plaque-reduction assay, only heparan sulfate inhibited HSV plaque formation by competing for the virus adsorption to HEp-2 cells. The inhibitory effects of heparan sulfate and heparin were not affected by pre-incubation of these glycosaminoglycans with antithrombin III, whereas de-N-sulfation resulted in a significant reduction of their inhibitory activity. These findings suggest that heparan sulfate is involved in the binding of HSV to the basement membrane and that N-sulfated glucosamine residues of heparan sulfate are essential for HSV binding. The basement membrane may act as a reservoir of HSV in muco-cutaneous tissues.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1992

Flow cytometric bromodeoxyuridine/DNA analysis of hyperthermia and/or adriamycin for human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line Capan-2.

The effects of hyperthermia, adriamycin (ADM), and hyperthermia combined with ADM on pancreatic cancer cells were investigated from the viewpoint of cytokinetics using flow cytometric bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd)/DNA analysis. Human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line Capan-2 was used. The untreated cells could be clearly divided into G1, S, G2M phases on contour plots of BrdUrd/DNA distribution. After heat treatment at 41-43 degrees C, there was an accumulation of cells in the G2M phase which was correlated with the increase in temperature. After heat treatment at 44 or 45 degrees C, there was marked increase in non BrdUrd-labeled cells in the S phase. ADM caused no change in the percent of non BrdUrd-labeled cells in the S phase, even after treatment with a concentration of 1.0 micrograms/ml, though that concentration of ADM caused a marked increase in the percent of cells in the G2M phase. After hyperthermia combined with ADM, the accumulation of the G2M phase increased remarkably, and was significantly higher than that after each treatment alone (P less than 0.005); however, non BrdUrd-labeled cells in the S phase did not increase. In this study the synergistic effect of hyperthermia combined with ADM in increasing the percent of cells in the G2M phase could be observed by flow cytometry. The study illustrates the importance of performing in vitro flow cytometric BrdUrd/DNA analysis of combined therapy prior to the use of the combined therapy in patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Hepatocellular carcinoma containing endocrine cells. An autopsy report of triplecancer involving the liver, kidney and thyroid.

An autopsy case of triplecancer (hepatocellular carcinoma of the liver, renal cell carcinoma of the kidney, and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid) was reported. Histological features of primary hepatic tumor suggested undifferentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (Edmondson-Steiner's Grade IV). However, certain tumor cells showed distinctive argyrophilic reactions and electron microscopy revealed small round granules resembling electron dense endocrine secretory granules in their cytoplasm. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that tumor cells showed a positive reaction for AFP while some others were positive for chromogranin-A. Immunohistochemical demonstration of AFP production by tumor cells indicated their hepatocyte origin. No endocrine syndrome had been present and no alternative primary source of the endocrine tumor was detected. Tumors of the kidney and thyroid were considered to be incidentally combined.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Transport characteristics of cephalosporin antibiotics across intestinal brush-border membrane in man, rat and rabbit.

The uptake of orally active cephalosporins, ceftibuten and cephradine, by intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles isolated from man, rat and rabbit was studied. In the presence of an inward H+ gradient, ceftibuten but not cephradine was taken up into intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles of man and rat against the concentration gradient (overshoot phenomenon). In rabbit jejunal brush-border membrane vesicles, the uptake of both cephalosporins in the presence of an inward H+ gradient exhibited the overshoot phenomenon. In human and rat vesicles, the initial uptake of ceftibuten was strongly inhibited by compound V, an analogue of ceftibuten, but the uptake of cephradine was not affected by any of the cephalosporins tested, whereas in the rabbit brush-border membrane vesicles, initial uptake of both ceftibuten and cephradine were markedly inhibited by all cephalosporins and dipeptides used. These results suggest that the transport characteristics of human and rat intestinal brush-border membrane for cephalosporins are comparable, and that rabbit is an inadequate animal for investigating the transport characteristics of beta-lactam antibiotics.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

Menkes' disease: report of a case and determination of eumelanin and pheomelanin in hypopigmented hair.

We report a male infant with Menkes' disease who showed, at the age of 3 months, slow growth, hair abnormalities such as pili torti and white hair, and low levels of serum copper and ceruloplasmin. The exceptionally bright portions of his hair contained eumelanin and pheomelanin at levels only half those of normal Japanese controls. After subcutaneous administration of copper-histidinate for 2 months, his scalp hair changed to dark brown.

Ceruloplasmin↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of biplane color Doppler transesophageal echocardiography in 200 consecutive patients.

BACKGROUND: We developed the first biplane transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) probe with two orthogonal transducers, allowing synchronous side-by-side displays of the heart on a monitor TV, and compared its diagnostic value with that of conventional single-plane TEE using commercially available Doppler equipment in 200 consecutive patients intraoperatively, perioperatively, or on an outpatient basis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Insertion was easy, except in one patient with a mediastinal tumor, and no complications were encountered. Both transverse and longitudinal scans allowed correct identification of true and false lumina in all 30 aortic dissection examinations, but longitudinal scanning was slightly superior in detecting types I and III entry sites. Three entries that were not detected by transverse scanning (two of DeBakey type I and one of type III) were visualized by longitudinal scanning. Among 37 cases of mitral regurgitation (MR), longitudinal scans were significantly superior (p less than 0.05) in revealing multiple jets (nine compared with two with transverse scanning). Although both planes yielded almost identical mean values for the maximum jet areas, a difference of over 50% in jet area size on the two planes was observed in 19 cases. The measured jet areas showed significant correlation with the angiographic MR grading, especially for the larger of the biplane measurements (p less than 0.01), and different grades showed little overlap. Longitudinal images increased the acoustic window of the heart and aorta from the esophagus. Moreover, longitudinal scanning provided good visualization of both ventricular outflow tracts, the ascending aorta, main pulmonary artery, and superior vena cava. CONCLUSIONS: This modality greatly facilitates a three-dimensional comprehension of cardiovascular lesions and flow dynamics, especially in aortic dissection and MR, and its safety was demonstrated. Our data demonstrate the usefulness of this new technique in comparison with conventional single-plane TEE.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1992

Cytokine-related immunopotentiating activities of paramylon, a beta-(1-->3)-D-glucan from Euglena gracilis.

Paramylon, a beta-(1-->3)-D-glucan, isolated from Euglena gracilis, was tested for its adjuvant activity on the antibody response to sheep red blood cell (SRBC) in mice. Paramylon markedly enhanced anti-SRBC plaque-forming cell production at a dose of 10 mg/kg. It was also found that in vitro addition of lipopolysaccharide in culture to macrophages from paramylon-treated mice produced a large amount of interleukin 1 (IL-1) and there was a significant level of interleukin 6 (IL-6) induced transiently in the blood of these mice. As IL-1 and IL-6 play crucial roles in the immune response to T cell-dependent antigens like SRBC, the immunopotentiating effect of paramylon might be expressed through the action of these cytokines.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1992

Functions of ascending thin limb of Henle's loop with special emphasis on mechanism of NaCl transport.

Major controversy concerning the ascending thin limb of Henle's loop (ATL) centers on the urine concentration mechanism based on the countercurrent multiplier system in the inner medulla of the kidney. This renal tubular segment has specific transport properties which function to dilute the urine without any movement of water across the epithelium. This segment is fundamentally impermeable to water, moderately permeable to urea, and highly permeable to Na+ and Cl-. Whether NaCl is reabsorbed actively in the ATL has long been an important question. While mathematical modelling studies have failed to explain completely how the osmotic gradient in the inner medulla is generated without active NaCl transport in the ATL, the experimental data support the view that active NaCl reabsorption is absent. Recently, we succeeded in measuring the intracellular Na+ concentration by using the fluorescent Na+ indicator sodium-binding benzofuran isophthalate in the in vitro microperfused ATL. Our data suggest that the ATL maintains a low intracellular Na+ concentration by the ouabain-sensitive Na+/K+ ATPase in the basolateral membrane, and that the luminal membrane of the ATL has furosemide-insensitive Na+ permeability. Active Na+ reabsorption estimated in our study amounts to only a few per cents of the net Na+ reabsorption in the ATL. It is therefore suggested that the major role of Na+ extrusion in the ATL cells is to maintain a low cellular Na+ concentration against ambient hyperosmolarity, although small but substantial amount of Na+ is reabsorbed by the furosemide-insensitive Na+ permeability and ouabain-sensitive Na+/K+ ATPase.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Tumor localization and biodistribution with radiolabeled monoclonal antibody against pancreatic cancer in tumor-bearing nude mice.

Nd2 is a murine monoclonal antibody produced against a mucin fraction purified from xenografts of a human pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990. Immunoperoxidase staining showed that the antigen recognized by Nd2 was present in 82.9% of pancreatic cancer tissues but not in tissues of normal pancreas and chronic pancreatitis. However Nd2 antigen was found not to be elevated in the sera of patients with pancreatic cancer. Four days after injection of 111In-Nd2 into athymic nude mice bearing SW1990 xenograft there was a higher accumulation in the tumor compared to 111In-normal mouse IgG1. When these mice were scanned with a gamma camera, labeled Nd2 was shown to accumulate in the tumor rapidly on the 1st day after injection and by the 4th day tumor accumulation was more distinctly visualized than non-specific accumulation in liver. These results indicate that Nd2 has high specificity and reactivity for pancreatic cancer and may have possible applicants in radioimmunodetection or targeting of therapeutic drugs in pancreatic cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Cyclosporin for inflammatory pseudotumour.

Dramatic efficacy of cyclosporin was observed in a patient with inflammatory pseudotumour in the liver. The 30-year-old male patient had suffered several attacks of high fever, polyarthralgia and lymph node swelling since 1981. In February 1989, abdominal CT showed multiple space-occupying lesions in his liver, and histopathology of the biopsied liver showed infiltration of plasma cells and lymphocytes with proliferation of collagen fiber, which was comparable to an inflammatory pseudotumour. In May 1990, a treatment regimen of cyclosporin A along with prednisolone was begun because he had been diabetic since March 1990. Within a few days of treatment, the high fever and polyarthralgia subsided, and leucocytosis of 32,000/mm3 and the increased CRP of 17.7 mg/dl were normalised within one month. A reduction of the size of the space-occupying lesions in the liver was observed on abdominal CT taken one month after cyclosporin treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Presence of the diurnal rhythms of monocyte count and macrophage activities in chicks.

The diurnal rhythms of monocyte count in the peripheral blood and the nonspecific activities of peritoneal macrophages were investigated in 6- to 12-wk-old White Leghorn chicks. It was evident that monocyte count and activities of peritoneal macrophages, i.e., phagocytosis and microbicidal activity, showed clear diurnal rhythms. The rhythmic pattern of monocyte count was biphasic, unlike those of humans or mice (which exhibit a monophasic fluctuation pattern). Diurnal rhythms of phagocytic activity and microbicidal activity also showed two peaks. However, the correspondence of fluctuation patterns between phagocytic activity and microbicidal activity that have been shown in chicken heterophils was not shown in chicken macrophages. This result suggests that the activities of both functions fluctuate independently in chicken macrophages. The patterns of macrophage-nonspecific activities were not in agreement with any rhythmic patterns concerning B cell and T cell activities reported previously. This result may indicate that the accessory functions of macrophage for helper T cell activation are not involved in the formation of the rhythmic patterns of B cell and T cell functions in chicks.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Influence of protein-restricted diet on motor response fluctuations in Parkinson's disease].

The clinical management of Parkinson's disease has been revolutionized by the introduction of levodopa therapy. It has significantly reduced disability and has extended life expectancies of patients with Parkinson's disease. However, motor response fluctuations frequently appear in patients after long-term treatment with levodopa. In this study, we investigated the effect of protein-restricted diet on fluctuations in eight patients with Parkinson's disease who had been receiving long-term levodopa treatment (mean 12.5 years). Two weeks of protein-restricted daytime diet (7.5 g total at breakfast and lunch) was followed by 12.5 g total at breakfast and lunch. At night, high-protein diet (40-50 g at dinner) was offered to the patients in order to maintain total daily protein intake at Japanese standard level. The medication schedule of levodopa and other antiparkinsonian drugs was not changed within 2 weeks after the study was began. Fluctuations were reduced in 7 of the 8 patients. But in only one patient (case 6), dyskinesia and general condition got worse and stopped this therapy. Body weight, serum protein and albumin levels did not change significantly for at least three month after the study was begun in every 6 patients who were examined. Homovanillic acid level of cerebrospinal fluid reduced in every 4 patients who were examined. We concluded that protein-restricted diet during the daytime offers a fascinating technique for the control of motor response fluctuations in patients with Parkinson's disease undergoing long-term levodopa treatment. But this therapy must be indicated carefully. Mechanism of this therapy may has something to do with improvement of dopamine metabolism in the brain.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effect of short-term fasting treatment on liver and renal function.

Five healthy male adults were deprived of food for a short period (40 hr) and biochemical studies and urinalyses were done before and after fasting to determine the effects on liver and renal functions. Acceleration in lipid metabolism was seen with an increase of about 90% in NEFA and about 20% in TG. GOT, GPT and LDH showed elevations of about 40 to 100% indicating a slight effect of 40 hr fasting on liver functions. BUN, HDL-C and ALP showed increases of about 30% while, CPK and TC showed decreases of about 20%. In the other parameters changes of about 10% were seen. After a fasting with water intake of about 1,000 ml/day, a body weight loss of 1.2 kg was observed at 40 hr. During the short-term fasting (40 hr) as done in our study, changes were seen in glucose and lipid metabolism. However, since no abnormalities were seen in general biochemical parameters, we consider that a fasting of this duration is valuable for use as one of the fastings.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Molecular size heterogeneity of SPan-1 antigen and co-expression with Lewis phenotype determinants in sera from gastrointestinal malignant diseases].

Molecular size of SPan-1 antigen and co-expression between SPan-1 epitope and Lewis phenotype determinants (LPD) on the same molecule in sera from patients with pancreatic, gastric and colon cancer and in culture medium from cancer cell line were studied. Column chromatography study on culture medium and sera showed that SPan-1 immunoreactivity was found in the void volume region as single major peak, or followed by one or two minor peak in the included volume. All of 4 pancreatic cancer cell lines showed molecular size heterogeneity. Co-expression between SPan-1 epitope and LPD on the same molecule was recognized in sera from cancer patients with Lewis a or Lewis b positive, but not in patients with Lewis a-, b-. Molecular carrying SPan-1 epitope had more frequently SPan-1 epitope than LPD in sera from cancer patients. These findings suggest that molecular size heterogeneity of SPan-1 antigen was more often in pancreatic cancer cells and overexpression of SPan-1 epitope on the same molecule seems to be specific for cancer.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗