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Biomedical subjects

Y Kondo

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kondo.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

New transducers for intraoperative spinal sonography. Technical note.

Although ultrasonography during spinal cord surgery has been widely accepted, it still has limitations in clinical application because of the size of the transducers needed and the immersion method. The authors report on newly designed microprobe transducers used to evaluate intramedullary spinal cord lesions and to monitor surgical procedures. This microprobe system permitted the microscopic use of intraoperative ultrasonography without requiring saline immersion.

Female↗
PubMed1993

Effects of antiallergic drugs on catecholamine secretion from bovine adrenal chromaffin cells.

The effects of the antiallergic drugs, oxatomide, ibudilast, and tranilast on catecholamine secretion from bovine adrenal chromaffin cells stimulated by acetylcholine were examined. Both oxatomide (2-100 microM) and ibudilast (10-100 microM) resulted in the inhibition of the secretion of catecholamines from the cells in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas tranilast (100 nM-100 microM) did not. Oxatomide and ibudilast also reduced the acetylcholine-induced 45Ca2+ influx into the cells. The concentration-response curves for oxatomide and ibudilast inhibiting 45Ca2+ influx were quite similar to those for drugs inhibiting the secretion. Oxatomide similarly reduced both high K(+)-induced 45Ca2+ influx and secretion. However, the oxatomide inhibition of acetylcholine-induced secretion was not overcome by increasing the concentrations of acetylcholine or Ca2+. Oxatomide also inhibited histamine-induced secretion and the inhibition was almost overcome by increasing histamine concentration. These results indicate that oxatomide and ibudilast inhibit catecholamine secretion from bovine adrenal chromaffin cells stimulated by acetylcholine. The inhibition is due to the suppression of Ca2+ influx into the cells through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. The results further suggest that oxatomide competitively antagonizes histamine receptors and inhibits the secretion stimulated by histamine.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1993

An abdominal wall-lift method of laparoscopic cholecystectomy without peritoneal insufflation.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is unusually performed with peritoneal insufflation of carbon dioxide gas, which limits the free use of conventional surgical techniques and is accompanied by operative risks resulting from trocar insertion, hypercapnia, and increased intraabdominal pressure. We have improved the laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedure by using an abdominal wall-lift technique that does not utilize peritoneal insufflation. The operative field is almost the same as in the pneumoperitoneum method with the exception of morbidly obese patients. Because airtightness between manipulating instruments and the abdominal wall is not required, we are able to use conventional surgical instruments and techniques in addition to those specifically designed for laparoscopic surgery. The abdominal wall-lift method enables us to perform laparoscopic surgery with greater ease than the pneumoperitoneum method. It can also be extended to other kinds of abdominal surgery in addition to cholecystectomy.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1993

Alterations in the binding of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor, rolipram, after transient ischemia in the gerbil brain.

To determine ischemia-induced changes in phosphodiesterase (PDE), changes in the membranous binding sites of rolipram, a cAMP-selective PDE inhibitor, were examined in the gerbil brain following transient 5 min forebrain ischemia. Coinciding with the delayed neuronal death (DND) in the hippocampal CA1 region, affinities for cerebral rolipram bindings decreased on Day 4, when intrinsic cAMP, substrate for PDE, might increase. The number of rolipram binding sites was significantly reduced in the hippocampus Day 14, despite the lack of change on Day 4. This reduction in rolipram binding was in agreement with the previously reported late onset reduction of muscarinic receptors, progressing more slowly than DND. Slowly progressive mechanisms may be involved in the ischemia-induced reduction of the hippocampal rolipram binding sites which may be PDEs.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1993

[Cardiac function following left ventricular aneurysm repair--comparison between patch reconstruction and direct closure methods].

Left ventricular function was compared between two groups of patients who underwent patch reconstruction or direct closure of the ventricular wall following resection of a post-infarction left ventricular aneurysm (LVA). There were 15 and 9 patients in the respective groups. Coronary artery bypass grafting was additionally performed in 8 patients (53%) in the patch reconstruction group and 5 patients (56%) in the direct closure group. The size of the patch used for patch reconstruction (including the suture line) was 57 +/- 19% of the resected area. Before and 1-2 months after surgery, equilibrium RI angiography and cardiac catheterization were performed to assess the following hemodynamic parameters: ejection fraction (EF) at rest and during exercise, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI), cardiac index (CI) and mean pulmonary artery pressure (m-PAP). Preoperatively, there were no differences in each parameter between the two groups. Postoperatively, there were significant improvements in the EF at rest and during exercise (p < 0.01), LVEDVI (p < 0.01) and the LVEDP (p < 0.05). However there no significant changes in CI or m-PAP following the operation. There were also no significant differences observed in the postoperative values between the two groups. However, based upon postoperative left ventriculograms, patch reconstruction was significantly superior to direct closure for reconstruction of a septal aneurysm.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on S-1108 in children].

Pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on S-1108 were performed in children. The results were as follows: 1. A total of 11 patients were treated with S-1108. Each dose was 3 mg/kg, orally administered 3 times daily for 4-14 days. The clinical efficacies of S-1108 in 10 patients with bacterial infections (1 with bacteremia, 4 with pneumonia, 1 with acute maxillary sinusitis, 1 with scarlet fever and 2 with streptococcal pharyngitis) were evaluated as excellent in 8 patients and as good in 2 patients with an efficacy rate of 100%. Only one patient with staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome due to methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) who received gamma-globulin was not evaluated. Fourteen causative strains of 5 species were found in 10 patients. Three strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae out of 5, 2 of 3 Branhamella catarrhalis strains, none of Staphylococcus aureus and all 3 strains of Streptococcus pyogenes were eradicated. No adverse reaction was observed in any of the 11 patients. 2. MICs of S-1108 against 5 clinically isolated S. pneumoniae from cases of infections were examined. All of them were relatively highly resistant to penicillins. S-1108 was compared with cefteram pivoxil, cefpodoxime proxetil, cefaclor and cefixime, and it showed better antibacterial activity or than other cephems. 3. Double peaks were obtained in plasma levels of S-1108 orally administered at a dose of 3 mg/kg at 30 minutes after meal and were 1.03 microgram/ml and 0.74 microgram/ml at 1 and 4 hours after administration, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1993

[Platelet activating factor and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with ARDS].

Platelet activating factor (PAF) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) were examined in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of 21 ARDS patients to clarify the role of these factors in ARDS. Neutrophil percentages and albumin concentrations in the BALF of the ARDS group were markedly elevated compared with those in the control group (p < 0.01), showing a significant correlation (r = 0.596, p < 0.01). PAF was detected in 14 of 19 ARDS patients (237.5 +/- 86.0 pg/ml) and TNF-alpha was detected in 7 of 16 ARDS patients (24.9 +/- 13.6 pg/ml), whereas these factors were not detected in control subjects. Neither PAF nor TNF-alpha showed a significant correlation with neutrophil percentage, neutrophil number or albumin concentration. They do not seem to be contributing factors to the prognosis of ARDS patients. However the existence of PAF and TNF-alpha in the BALF of some ARDS patients suggests that they might play a role in the pathogenesis of ARDS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[A case of progressive supranuclear palsy showing marked improvements of frontal hypoperfusion, as well as parkinsonism with amitriptyline].

A patient with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) showing severe akinesia, postural instability and gait disturbance like frozen gait was treated with amitriptyline (30 mg/day). Four weeks after drug administration, we recognized tendencies for improvement on akinesia, postural instability, frozen gait and vertical gaze palsy. Thereafter, gait disturbance almost disappeared and slow motor response and depression also improved with the amitriptyline for 8 weeks. The changes of cerebral blood flow (CBF) with amitriptyline treatment were evaluated in this case by 123I-IMP single photon emission computed tomography. Before the treatment, clear reduction of CBF was shown in the frontal lobes, especially in the frontal cortices, while this frontal hypoperfusion markedly improved 6 weeks after the treatment. These results, showing marked improvements of frontal hypoperfusion, as well as parkinsonism with amitriptyline treatment, may imply possibilities that these symptoms of PSP result from the frontal hypoperfusion and the improvement of the hypoperfusion with amitriptyline is involved in the improvement of these symptoms.

Amitriptyline↗
PubMed1993

[Detection of minus strand HCV RNA in liver tissue by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)].

Hepatitis C virus RNA in serum and liver tissue was examined in seven patients with liver cirrhosis by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction method using primers for 5'-non-coding region. Plus strand HCV RNA were detected in serum and liver tissues in five of five patients who had HCV antibodies (C100-3 antibody and P22 antibody) and were not detected in two of two patients who do not have HCV antibody. Minus strand HCV RNA was detected in liver tissue of five HCV antibody positive patients. These results suggest that HCV are present and replicate in liver tissue in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Hepatic inflammatory lesions manifested as a pseudotumor. Report of two cases with different characteristics.

We report two surgical cases of inflammatory conditions of the liver that, on imaging studies, closely resembled a neoplasm. Under the diagnoses of hepatic malignant neoplasms, both patients underwent hepatic resections. Histologically, one case was found to be a hepatic xanthogranuloma (an inflammatory pseudotumor) that consisted of foamy histiocytes, plasma cells, lymphocytes, and fibroblasts, while the other case was found to be an epithelioid cell granuloma with a central area of coagulative necrosis. Although their exact pathogenesis remained obscure, cholangitis in the former case and tuberculosis in the latter were assumed to be possible causal factors. Special attention should be paid to these unusual conditions in terms of the differential diagnosis of hepatic mass lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Successful surgical management for chronic sternal osteomyelitis and anterior mediastinal abscess after double valve replacement by total sternectomy and pectoralis major muscle flaps].

A 63-year-old woman underwent double (aortic and mitral) valve replacement in February, 1987. Thirty days later, purulent drainage developed at the sternotomy incision with high fever. Wound cultures revealed staphylococcus aureus. She was treated by local wound care with antibiotics. About one month later, she had a satisfactory wound healing. But three cutaneous fistulas with discharge emerged at the sternotomy incision in November (9 months later) and the cultures grew the same species. The fistulogram showed the communication between these tracts and the mediastinum. The diagnosis of chronic sternal osteomyelitis and anterior mediastinal abscess was made. At first the resection of the xiphoid process and the mediastinal drainage were carried out in March, 1988. Inspite of this procedure, she still had persistent purulent discharge. Then, en bloc excision of the infected sternum and the adjacent costal cartilage were performed in April. The defect was obliterated with the bilateral pectoralis major muscle flaps. After the radical operation, her wound was completely healed, even though the ventilatory support was needed for 24 days because of flail chest due to the anterior chest wall instability. Now she has been free from recurrence for four years. Total sternectomy and pectoralis major muscle plombage seem to be a very effective management in chronic sternal osteomyelitis.

Abscess↗
PubMed1993

[Allergen analysis of buckwheat by the immunoblotting method].

Inhalation or ingestion of very small amounts of buckwheat allergen can initiate severe symptoms including wheezing, rhinorrhea, urticaria, vomiting and anaphylactic shock in patients with hypersensitivity against buckwheat. However, few studies of the immunological properties of buckwheat allergen have been made. The aim of the present investigation was to analyze the allergen in buckwheat antigen using the immunoblotting method, radioallergosorbent test (RAST) and RAST inhibition assay. Buckwheat 24 kilodalton protein (BW24KD) was shown by immunoblotting analysis to be the most frequently recognized allergenic component, binding to IgE antibodies from 100% of the patients' sera. There was a significant positive correlation (p < 0.001) between % bindings for BW24KD and buckwheat. In the RAST inhibition assay using patients' sera which showed positive IgE antibodies to buckwheat and BW24KD, there was effective inhibition in a dose-dependent manner between inhibition in a dose-dependent manner between BW24KD and buckwheat. These data indicated that BW24KD was a major allergen in buckwheat antigens. The experiments of SDS-PAGE using digestion buffer with or without 2-mercaptoethanol suggested that BW24KD was a component of heterodimer and the paired components had different molecular weights.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Late results of aortic valve plasty (aortic leaflet slicing) simultaneously performed with mitral valve surgery].

We followed the course of 20 patients who underwent aortic valve plasty (AVP) combined with mitral valve surgery for rheumatic mild aortic valve disease in association with severe mitral valve disease. At operation, all patients underwent aortic leaflet slicing with a knife, and aortic commissurotomy were performed additionally in 10 patients. After surgery, the degree of aortic valve regurgitation and the amplitude of aortic leaflet motion were assessed chronologically, using ultrasound cardiography. One month after surgery, all but one patients showed a reduction in regurgitation to degree I or less. From the third post-operative year, however aortic valve regurgitation tended to increase again. However, the post-operative degree of regurgitation was observed not to be severer than the pre-operative degree of regurgitation, and no patients showed aggravation of aortic valve regurgitation attributable to exacerbation of mitral valve disease. We divided the patients into two groups according to improvement of aortic valve regurgitation. In the group where the degree of regurgitation returned to the pre-operative one, the degree of amplitude of leaflet motion began to reduce from the third post-operative year and was nearly equal to the pre-operative one at the fifth post-operative year. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. From the third post-operative year, aortic regurgitation was aggravated and aortic valve motion amplitude decreased. 2. The number of sliced valve leaflets and incised commissures did not correlate well with the post-operative reduction in regurgitation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[A case of bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia associated with ulcerative colitis].

A 53-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with fever and chest pain. A chest X-ray film showed infiltrative shadows in the right upper and middle lung field. In spite of administration of antibiotics, the chest X-ray film revealed gradually increasing infiltrates and a new shadow appeared in the left upper lung field. The open lung biopsy specimen showed bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP). There was marked roentgenographic improvement in response to steroid therapy. Very few cases of BOOP associated with ulcerative colitis have been reported.

Bronchiolitis Obliterans↗
PubMed1992

[The mechanism of glucose intolerance in patients with Graves' disease].

To investigate the mechanism of glucose intolerance in patients with Graves' disease, a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test and euglycemic glucose clamp study using Biostator were performed in patients with Graves' disease and control subjects. 80 per cent of the patients showed impaired glucose tolerance. Insulinogenic index in the patients with borderline or diabetic glucose response was lower than that in subjects with normal glucose response. Insulinogenic index was inversely correlated with sigma PG during the test. Despite normal basal plasma glucose concentrations, basal plasma insulin levels in the patients with Graves' disease were higher than in the controls. Using the euglycemic glucose clamp technique, the glucose utilization rate (M value), the metabolic clearance rate of glucose (MCRG) and the insulin sensitivity index (M/I x 100) in the patients with Graves' disease were lower than in the controls. After treatment with antithyroid drug in 3 patients, glucose tolerance completely normalized, and there was a significant increase in the M value and the MCRG and a significant decrease in the metabolic clearance rate of insulin (MCRI) compared to the values before treatment. In the patients with Graves' disease, basal serum glucagon levels were higher than in the controls, and glucagon suppression during insulin infusion was found to be decreased. From these data, it is concluded that the decrease in glucose tolerance in patients with Graves' disease can be explained by 1) the impairment of early insulin release response to rapid intestinal glucose absorption, 2) increased insulin metabolic clearance and 3) hyperglucagonemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Enkephalin induces Ca2+ mobilization in single cells of bradykinin-sensitized differentiated neuroblastoma hybridoma (NG108-15) cells.

A study of the intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) response of differentiated neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells (NG108-15 cell) to enkephalin (EK) was carried out by fura-2 video-imaging. EK alone did not influence [Ca2+]i in single cells. The opioid did, however, induce a marked [Ca2+]i rise, when the cells were incubated with bradykinin (BK) prior to the EK treatment. Such BK-assisted stimulation of the differentiated hybridoma cells by EK was completely abolished by pertussis toxin treatment. These results suggest that in single NG108-15 cells, EK induces Ca2+ mobilization which is assisted by cross-talk between the EK and BK receptor systems via a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein.

Animals↗